Cationic cyclometalated iridium luminophores: Photophysical, redox, and structural characterization

Organometallics

Volumn 23, Issue 24, 2004, Pages 5856-5863

  Neve, Francesco ^a   La Deda, Massimo ^a   Crispini, Alessandra ^a   Bellusci, Anna ^a   Puntoriero, Fausto ^b   Campagna, Sebastiano ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALABRIA   (Italy)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MESSINA   (Italy)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ABSORPTION; CHARGE TRANSFER; COMPLEXATION; DECOMPOSITION; DESORPTION; IRIDIUM; LUMINESCENCE; LUMINESCENT DEVICES; OXIDATION; QUENCHING; REACTION KINETICS; SINGLE CRYSTALS; SYNTHESIS (CHEMICAL); X RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY;

LIGAND STRUCTURE; LIGAND-CENTERED (LC) TRANSITIONS; METAL-TO-LIGAND CHARGE TRANSFER (MLCT); REDOX PROCESSES;

ORGANOMETALLICS;

EID: 10044281670     PISSN: 02767333     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/om049493x     Document Type: Article

References (64)

1. (a) Kohler, A.; Wilson, J. S.; Friend, R. H. Adv. Mater. 2002, 14, 701.
2. (b) Maestri, M.; Balzani, V.; Deuschel-Cornioley, C.; von Zelewsky, A. Adv. Photochem. 1992, 17, 1.
3. (a) Baldo, M. A.; Lamansky, S.; Burrows, P. E.; Thompson, M. E.; Forrest, S. R. Appl. Phys. Lett. 1999, 75, 4.
4. (b) Baldo, M. A.; Thompson, M. E.; Forrest, S. R. Nature 2000, 403, 750.
5. King, K. A.; Spellane, P. J.; Watts, R. J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1985, 107, 1431.
6. Lamansky, S.; Djurovich, P.; Murphy, D.; Abdel-Razzaq, F.; Kwong, R.; Tsyba, I.; Bortz, M.; Mui, R.; Bau, R.; Thompson, M. E. Inorg. Chem. 2001, 40, 1704.
7. (a) Grushin, V. V.; Herron, N.; LeCloux, D.; Marshall, W. J.; Petrov, V. A.; Wang, Y. Chem. Commun. 2001, 1494.
8. (b) Wang, Y.; Herron, N.; Grushin, V. V.; LeCloux, D.; Petrov, V. A. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2001, 79, 449.
9. Xie, H. Z.; Liu, M. W.; Wang, O. W.; Zhang, X. H.; Lee, C. S.; Hung, L. S.; Lee, S. T.; Teng, P. F.; Kwomg, H. L.; Zheng, H.; Che, C. M. Adv. Mater. 2001, 13, 1245.
10. Gong, X.; Robinson, M. R.; Ostrowski, J. C.; Moses, D.; Bazan, G. C.; Heeger, A. J. Adv. Mater. 2002, 14, 581.
11. Ostrowski, J. C.; Robinson, M. R.; Heeger, A. J.; Bazan, G. C. Chem. Commun. 2002, 784.
12. (a) Lo, S.-C.; Male, N. A. H.; Markham, J. P. J.; Magennis, S. W.; Burn, P. L.; Salata, O. V.; Samuel, I. D. W. Adv. Mater. 2002, 14, 975.
13. (b) Lo, S.-C.; Namdas, E. B.; Burn, P. L.; Samuel, I. D. W. Macromolecules 2003, 36, 9721.
14. Gong, X.; Ostrowski, J. C.; Bazan, G. C.; Moses, D.; Heeger, A. J.; Liu, M. S.; Jen, A. K.-Y. Adv. Mater. 2003, 15, 45.
15. Zhu, W.; Liu, C.; Su, L.; Yang, W.; Ming, Y.; Cao, Y. J. Mater. Chem. 2003, 13, 50.
16. Beeby, A.; Bettington, S.; Samuel, I. D. W.; Wang, Z. J. Mater. Chem. 2003, 13, 80.
17. Lamansky, S.; Djurovich, P.; Murphy, D.; Abdel-Razzaq, F.; Lee, H.-E.; Adachi, C.; Burrows, P. E.; Forrest, S. R., Thompson, M. E. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 4304.
18. D'Andrade, B. W.; Thompson, M. E.; Forrest, S. R. Adv. Mater. 2002, 14, 147.
19. D'Andrade, B. W.; Brooks, J.; Adamovich, V.; Thompson, M. E.; Forrest, S. R. Adv. Mater. 2002, 14, 1032.
20. Tsuzuki, T.; Shirasawa, N.; Suzuki, T.; Tokito, S. Adv. Mater. 2003, 15, 1455.
21. Nazeeruddin, Md. K.; Humphry-Baker, R.; Berner, D.; Rivier, S.; Zuppiroli, L.; Graetzel, M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125, 8790.
22. Chen, X.; Liao, J.-L.; Liang, Y.; Ahmed, M. O.; Tseng, H.-E.; Chen, S.-A. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125, 636.
23. Yang, C.-H.; Tai, C.-C.; Sun, I.-W. J. Mater. Chem. 2004, 14, 947.
24. Chen, F.-C.; Yang, Y.; Pei, Q. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2002, 81, 4278.
25. (a) Pei, Q.; Yu, G.; Zhang, C.; Yang, Y. Heeger, A. J. Science 1995, 269, 1086.
26. (b) deMello, J. C.; Tessler, N.; Graham, S. C.; Friend, R. H. Phys. Rev. B 1998, 57, 12951.
27. Gao, F. G.; Bard, A. J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 7426.
28. Welter, S.; Brunner, K.; Hofstraat, J. W.; De Cola, L. Nature 2003, 421, 54.
29. For a review of LECs based on transition metal complexes, see: Slinker, J.; Bernards, D.; Houston, P. L.; Abruna, H.; Bernhard, S.; Malliaras, G. G. Chem. Commun. 2003, 2392.
30. Slinker, J. D.; Gorodetsky, A. A.; Lowry, M. S.; Wang, J.; Parker, S.; Rohl, R.; Bernhard, S.; Malliaras, G. G. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2004, 126, 2763.
31. Ohsawa, Y.; Sprouse, S.; King, K. A.; DeArmond, M. K.; Hanck, K. W.; Watts, R. J. J. Phys. Chem. 1987, 91, 1047.
32. Garces, F. O.; King, K. A.; Watts, R. J. Inorg. Chem. 1988, 27, 3464.
33. Wilde, A. P.; Watts, R. J. J. Phys. Chem. 1991, 95, 622.
34. Colombo, M. G.; Hauser, A.; Güdel, H. U. Inorg. Chem. 1993, 32, 3088.
35. Neve, F.; Crispini, A.; Campagna, S.; Serroni, S. Inorg. Chem. 1999, 38, 2250.
36. Neve, F.; Crispini, A.; Loiseau, F.; Campagna, S. Dalton Trans. 2000, 1399.
37. Neve, F.; Crispini, A.; Serroni, S.; Loiseau, F.; Campagna, S. Inorg. Chem. 2001, 40, 1093.
38. Lo, K. K.-W.; Ng, D. C.-M.; Chung, C. K. Organometallics 2001, 20, 4999.
39. Lo, K. K.-W.; Chung, C. K.; Ng, D. C.-M.; Zhu, N. New J. Chem. 2002, 26, 81.
40. Lo, K. K.-W.; Chung, C. K.; Zhu, N. Organometallics 2003, 22, 475.
41. Plummer, E. A.; Hofstraat, J. W.; De Cola, L. Dalton Trans. 2003, 2080.
42. Sprouse, S.; King, K. A.; Spellane, P. J.; Watts, R. J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1984, 106, 6647.
43. Neve, F.; Crispini, A. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 2000, 1039.
44. van Diemen, J. H.; Haasnoot, J. G.; Hage, R.; Müller, E.; Reechjk, J. Inorg. Chim. Acta 1991, 181, 245.
45. Urban, R.; Kramer, R.; Shahram, M.; Polborn, K.; Wagner, B.; Beck, W. J. Organomet. Chem. 1996, 517, 191.
46. Lo, K. K.-W.; Chung, C. K.; Lee, T. K.-M.; Lui, L.-H.; Tsang, K. H.-K.; Zhu, N. Inorg. Chem. 2003, 42, 6886.
47. Kisko, J. L.; Barton, J. K. Inorg. Chem. 2000, 39, 4942.
48. Ghizdavu, L.; Lentzen, O.; Schumm, S.; Brodkorb, A.; Moucheron, C.; Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A. Inorg. Chem. 2003, 42, 1935.
49. Grepioni, F.; Cojazzi, G.; Draper, S. M.; Scully, N.; Braga, D. Organometallics 1998, 17, 296.
50. Juris, A.; Balzani, V.; Barigelletti, F.; Campagna, S.; Belser, P.; von Zelewsky, A. Coord. Chem. Rev. 1988, 84, 85.
51. (a) Didier, P.; Ortmans, L.; Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, A.; Watts, R. Inorg. Chem. 1993, 32, 5239.
52. (b) Serroni, S.; Juris, A.; Campagna, S.; Venturi, M.; Denti, G.; Balzani, V. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 9086.
53. (c) Poison, M.; Fracasso, S.; Bertolasi, V.; Ravaglia, M.; Scandola, F. Inorg. Chem. 2004, 43, 1950.
54. Calogero, G.; Giuffrida, G.; Serroni, S.; Ricevuto, V.; Campagna, S. Inorg. Chem. 1995, 34, 541.
55. 46a and considering the oxidation processes of 1-3 simply ppy-centered, it is not understandable in a first approximation why the ppy-centered oxidation occurs at potentials more positive than +1.30 V in 4, if one neglects the effect of the 6′-phenyl in 1-3.
56. Hunter, C. A.; Lawson, K. R.; Perkins, J.; Urch, C. J. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2 2001, 651.
57. (b) Janiak, C. J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. 2000, 3885.
58. Crosby, G. A. Acc. Chem. Res. 1975, 8, 231.
59. Colombo, M. G.; Hauser, A.; Gudel, H. U. Inorg. Chem. 1993, 32, 3088.
60. Pucci, D.; Barberio, G.; Crispini, A.; Ghedini, M.; Francescangeli, O. Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 2003, 395, 325.
61. Demas, J. N.; Crosby, G. A. J. Phys. Chem. 1971, 75, 991.
62. Nakamaru, K. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 1982, 55, 2697.
63. SMART, SAINT, and SADABS; Bruker AXS, Inc.: Madison, WI, 1997.
64. SHELXTL-NT Crystal Structure Analysis Package, Version 5.1; Bruker AXS Inc.: Madison, WI, 1999.