Corneal Nerve Tortuosity in Diabetic Patients with Neuropathy

Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science

Volumn 45, Issue 2, 2004, Pages 418-422

  Kallinikos, Panagiotis ^a   Berhanu, Michael ^a   O'Donnell, Clare ^a   Boulton, Andrew J M ^b   Efron, Nathan ^a   Malik, Rayaz A ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER   (United Kingdom)

^b MANCHESTER ROYAL INFIRMARY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CONFOCAL MICROSCOPY; CORNEA; DIABETIC NEUROPATHY; DISEASE SEVERITY; HUMAN; IMAGE ANALYSIS; PERIPHERAL NERVE; PRIORITY JOURNAL;

CORNEA; CRANIAL NERVE DISEASES; DIABETES MELLITUS; DIABETIC NEUROPATHIES; HUMANS; MICROSCOPY, CONFOCAL; MIDDLE AGED; NERVE FIBERS; OPHTHALMIC NERVE;

EID: 0942265588     PISSN: 01460404     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1167/iovs.03-0637     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Boulton AJM, Malik RA. Diabetic neuropathy. Med Clin North Am. 1998;82:909-929.
2. Dyck PJ, O'Brien PC, Litchy WJ, Harper CM, Daube JR, Dyck PJ. Use of percentiles and normal deviates to express nerve conduction and other test abnormalities. Muscle Nerve. 2001;24:307-310.
3. Arezzo JC. New developments in the diagnosis of diabetic neuropathy. Am J Med. 1999;30:9S-16S.
4. Dyck PJ, Litchy WJ, Daube JR, et al. Individual attributes versus composite scores of nerve conduction abnormality: sensitivity, reproducibility, and concordance with impairment. Muscle Nerve. 2003;27:202-210.
5. Malik RA, Veves A, Walker D, et al. Sural nerve fibre pathology in diabetic patients with mild neuropathy: relationship to pain, quantitative sensory testing and peripheral nerve electrophysiology. Acta Neuropathol (Berl). 2001;101:367-374.
6. Greene DA, Arezzo JC, Brown MB. Effect of aldose reductase inhibition on nerve conduction and morphometry in diabetic neuropathy. Zenarestat Study Group. Neurology. 1999;53:580-591.
7. Holland NR, Stocks A, Hauer P, Cornblath DR, Griffin JW, McArthur JC. Intraepidermal nerve fibre density in patients with painful sensory neuropathy. Neurology. 1999;48:708-711.
8. Müller LJ, Pels L, Vrensen GFJM. Ultrastructural organisation of human corneal nerves. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1996;37:476-488.
9. Müller LJ, Vrensen GFJM, Pels L, Nunes Cardozo B, Willekens B. Architecture of human corneal nerves. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1997;38:985-994.
10. Tervo T. Consecutive demonstration of nerves containing catecholamine and acetylcholinesterase in the rat cornea. Histochemistry. 1997;50:291-299.
11. Tervo K, Tervo T, Eränkö L, Vannas A, Cuello AC, Eränkö O. Substance P-immunoreactive nerves in the human cornea and iris. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1982;23:671-674.
12. Tovainen M, Tervo T, Partanen M, Vannas A, Hervonen A. Histochemical demonstration of adrenergic nerves in the stroma of human cornea. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1987;8:398-400.
13. Ueda S, Del Cerro M, Lo Cascio JA, Aquavella JV. Peptidergic and catecholaminergic fibres in the human corneal epithelium: an immunohistochemical and electron microscopic study. Acta Ophthalmol Suppl. 1989;192:80-90.
14. Fraunfelder FW, Rich LF. Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis complications in diabetes mellitus. Cornea. 2002;21:246-248.
15. Oliveira-Soto L, Efron N. Morphology of corneal nerves using confocal microscopy. Cornea. 2001;20:374-384.
16. Malik RA, Kallinikos P, Abbott CA, et al. Corneal confocal microscopy: a non-invasive surrogate of nerve fibre damage and repair in diabetic patients. Diabetologia. 2003;46:683-688.
17. Meek KM, Fullwood NJ. Corneal and scleral collagens: a microscopist's perspective. Micron. 2001;32:261-272.
18. Grumet M, Flaccus A, Margolis RU. Functional characterization of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans of brain: interactions with neurons and neural cell adhesion molecules. J Cell Biol. 1993;120:815-824.
19. Schaefer L, Raslik I, Grone HJ, et al. Small proteoglycans in human diabetic nephropathy: discrepancy between glomerular expression and protein accumulation of decorin, biglycan, lumican, and fibromodulin. FASEB J. 2001;15:559-561.
20. Sykova E. Glial diffusion barriers during aging and pathological states. Prog Brain Res. 2001;132:339-363.
21. Kawabuchi M, Chongjian Z, Islam AT, Hirata K, Nada O. The effect of aging on the morphological nerve changes during muscle reinnervation after nerve crush. Restor Neurol Neurosci. 1998;13:117-127.
22. Young MJ, Boulton AJM, Macleod AF, Williams DRR, Sonksen PH. A multicentre study of the prevalence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy in the United Kingdom hospital clinic population. Diabetologia. 1993;36:150-154.
23. Abbott CA, Carrington AL, Ashe H, et al. The North-West Diabetes Foot Care Study: incidence of, and risk factors for, new diabetic foot ulceration in a community-based patient cohort. Diabet Med. 2002;19:377-384.
24. Dyck PJ, Zimmerman IR, Johnson DM, et al, A standard test of heat-pain responses using CASE IV. J Neurol Sci. 1996;136:54-63.
25. Dougherty G, Varro J. A quantitative index for the measurement of the tortuosity of blood vessels. Med Eng Phys. 2002;22:567-574.
26. McGhee CNJ, Keller PR. In vivo confocal microscopy of living tissue: the cornea at cellular level. Eyenews. 1998;5:14-20.
27. Grupcheva CN, Wong T, Filey AF, McGhee CNJ. Assessing the sub-basal nerve plexus of the living healthy human cornea by in vivo confocal microscopy. Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2002;30:187-190.
28. Rosenberg ME, Tervo TM, Immonen IJ, Muller LJ, Gronhagen-Riska C, Vesaluoma MH. Corneal structure and sensitivity in type 1 diabetes mellitus. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2000;41:2915-2921.
29. Fujita S, Miyazono Y, Ohba N. Capsaicin-induced corneal changes associated with sensory denervation in neonatal rat. Jpn J Ophthalmol. 1987;31:412-424.
30. De Castro F, Silos-Santiago I, Lopez de Armentia M, Barbacid M, Belmonte C. Corneal innervation and sensitivity to noxious stimuli in trkA knockout mice. Eur J Neurosci. 1998;10:146-152.
31. Lee BH, McLaren JW, Erie JC, Hodge DO, Bourne WM. Reinnervation in the cornea after LASIK. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2002;43:3660-3664.
32. Beuerman RW, Schimmelpfennig B. Sensory denervation of the rabbit affects epithelial properties. Exp Neurol. 1980;69:196-201.
33. Tanihara H, Inatani M, Koga T, Yano T, Kimura A. Proteoglycans in the eye. Cornea. 2002;21:S62-S69.
34. Saika S, Saika S, Liu CY, et al. TGFbeta2 in corneal morphogenesis during mouse embryonic development. Dev Biol. 2001;240:419-432.
35. Hsia E, Richardson TP, Nugent MA. Nuclear localization of basic fibroblast growth factor is mediated by heparan sulfate proteoglycans through protein kinase C signaling. J Cell Biochem. 2003;88:1214-1225.
36. Lambiase A, Rama P, Bonini S, Caprioglio G, Aloe L. Topical treatment with nerve growth factor for corneal neurotrophic ulcers. N Engl J Med. 1998;338:1174-1180.