Harmonic Imaging Improves Sensitivity at the Expense of Specificity in the Detection of Patent Foramen Ovale

Echocardiography

Volumn 21, Issue 1, 2004, Pages 33-36

  Madala, Durga ^a   Zaroff, Jonathan G ^a   Hourigan, Lisa ^a   Foster, Elyse ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b UCSF Box 0214 ^*  (United States)

Author keywords

Echocardiography; Patent foramen ovale; Shunt; Stroke; Transesophageal echocardiography

Indexed keywords

SODIUM CHLORIDE;

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; CONTRAST ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY; DIAGNOSTIC ERROR; DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE; EVALUATION; FEMALE; HEART ATRIUM SEPTUM DEFECT; HEART CYCLE; HUMAN; INTERMETHOD COMPARISON; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; TRANSTHORACIC ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY;

ADULT; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; CONTRAST MEDIA; DIAGNOSIS, DIFFERENTIAL; ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY, TRANSESOPHAGEAL; FEMALE; HEART SEPTAL DEFECTS, ATRIAL; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; OBSERVER VARIATION; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; SODIUM CHLORIDE;

EID: 0842334628     PISSN: 07422822     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.0742-2822.2004.02168.x     Document Type: Article

References (19)

1. Schneider B, Zienkiewicz T, Jansen V, et al: Diagnosis of patent foramen ovale by transesophageal echocardiography and correlation with autopsy findings. Am J Cardiol 1996;77:1202-1209.
2. Fisher DC, Fisher EA, Budd JH, et al: The incidence of patent foramen ovale in 1,000 consecutive patients: A contrast transesophageal echocardiography study. Chest 1995;107:1504-1509.
3. Hagen PT, Scholz DG, Edwards WD: Incidence and size of patent foramen ovale in the first 10 decades of life: An autopsy study of 965 normal hearts. Mayo Clin Proc 1984;59:17-20.
4. Webster MW, Chancellor AM, Smith HJ, et al: Patent foramen ovale in young stroke patients. Lancet 1988;2:11-12.
5. De Castro S, Cartoni D, Fiorelli M, et al: Morphological and functional characteristics of patent foramen ovale and their embolic implications. Stroke 2000;31:2407-2413.
6. Hausmann D, Mugge A, Daniel WG: Identification of patent foramen ovale permitting paradoxic embolism. J Am Coll Cardiol 1995;26:1030-1038.
7. Belkin RN, Pollack BD, Ruggiero ML, et al: Comparison of transesophageal and transthoracic echocardiography with contrast and color flow doppler in the detection of patent foramen ovale. Am Heart J 1994;128:520-525.
8. Pearson AC, Labovitz AJ, Tatineni S, et al: Superiority of transesophageal echocardiography in detecting cardiac sources of embolism in patients with cerebral ischemia of uncertain etiology. J Am Coll Cardiol 1991;17:66-72.
9. Hausmann D, Mugge A, Becht I, et al: Diagnosis of patent foramen Ovale by transesophageal echocardiography and association with cerebral and peripheral embolic events. Am J Cardiol 1992;70:668-672.
10. Van Camp G, Franken P, Melis P, et al: Comparison of transthoracic echocardiography with second harmonic imaging with transesophageal echocardiography in the detection of right to left shunts. Am J Cardiol: 86:1284-1287.
11. Seward JB, Tajik AJ, Hagler DJ, et al: Peripheral venous contrast echocardiography. Am J Cardiol 1977;39:202-212.
12. Mulvagh SL, Foley DA, Aeschbacher BC, et al: Second harmonic imaging of an intravenously administered echocardiographic contrast agent. J Am Coll Cardiol 1996;27:1519-1525.
13. Burns PN, Powers JE, Simpson DH, et al: Harmonic imaging with ultrasound contrast agents. Clin Radiol 1996;51:50-55.
14. Dearani JA, Ugurlu BS, Danielson GK, et al: Surgical patent foramen ovale closure for prevention of paradoxical embolism-related cerebrovascular ischemic events. Circulation 1999;100:171-175.
15. Windecker S, Wahl A, Chatterjee T, et al: Percutaneous closure of patent foramen ovale in patients with paradoxical embolism: Long-term risk of recurrent thromboembolic events. Circulation 2000;101:893-898.
16. Cujec B, Mainra R, Johnson DH: Prevention of recurrent cerebral ischemic events in patients with patent foramen ovale and cryptogenic strokes or transient ischemic attacks. Can J Cardiol 1999;15:57-64.
17. Hung J, Landzberg MJ, Jenkins KJ, et al: Closure of patent foramen ovale for paradoxical emboli: Intermediate-term risk of recurrent neurological events following transcatheter device placement. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000;35:1311-1316.
18. Ha JW, Shin MS, Kang S, et al: Enhanced detection of right-to-left shunt through patent foramen ovale by transthoracic contrast echocardiography using harmonic imaging. Am J Cardiol 2001;87:669-671.
19. Kuhl HP, Hoffmann R, Merx MW, et al: Transthoracic echocardiography using second harmonic imaging: Diagnostic alternative to transesophageal echocardiography for the detection of atrial right to left shunt in patients with cerebral embolic events. J Am Coll Cardiol 1999;34:1823-1830.