Playground injuries to children

Archives of Disease in Childhood

Volumn 89, Issue 2, 2004, Pages 103-108

  Norton, C ^a   Nixon, J ^b   Sibert, J R ^a  

^a CARDIFF UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF QUEENSLAND   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CHILD HEALTH CARE; CHILD HOSPITALIZATION; CHILDHOOD INJURY; DATA ANALYSIS; EDITORIAL; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; EQUIPMENT DESIGN; FALLING; FRACTURE; HEAD INJURY; HEALTH SURVEY; HEIGHT; HIGH RISK POPULATION; HOSPITAL ADMISSION; HUMAN; MEDICAL INFORMATICS; METHODOLOGY; MORTALITY; PLAY; POPULATION RESEARCH; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RISK ASSESSMENT; SAFETY; SOCIAL ASPECT; SURFACE PROPERTY;

ACCIDENTAL FALLS; CHILD; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; FRACTURES, BONE; HUMANS; INCIDENCE; PLAY AND PLAYTHINGS; RISK FACTORS;

EID: 0842306301     PISSN: 00039888     EISSN: 14682044     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/adc.2002.013045     Document Type: Editorial

References (47)

1. Illingworth C, Brennan P, Jay A, et al. 200 injuries caused by playground equipment. BMJ 1975;4:332-4.
2. Heseltine P, Holborn J, Wenger J. Playground management and safety. London: National Playing Fields Association, 1989.
3. Davies R, Heseltine P. A guide to EN1176&1177. ROSPA/API, 2000.
4. Standards Australia. AS/NZ 4422:1996. Playground surfacing - specifications, requirements and test method. Report no. AS/NZS 4422: 1996. Sydney: Standards Australia, 1996.
5. US Consumer Product Safety Commission. Handbook on public playground safety, US Consumer Product Safety Commission, 1999.
6. Ball D. Playgrounds: risks, benefits and choices. Contract research report. 426/2002. Health and Safety Executive, 2002.
7. Sibert JR, Mott A, Rolfe K, et al. Preventing injuries in public playgrounds through partnership between health services and local authority: community intervention study. BMJ 1999;318:1595.
8. Roseveare C, Brown JM, Barclay McIntosh JM, et al. An intervention to reduce playground equipment hazards. Inj Prev 1999;5:124-8.
9. Sosin D. Surface specific fall injury rates on Utah school playgrounds. Am J Public Health 1993;83:733-5.
10. Mott A, Rolfe K, James R, et al. Safety of surfaces and equipment far children in playgrounds. Lancet 1997;348:1874-6.
11. Laforest S, Robaitaille Y, Lesage D, et al. Surface characteristics, equipment height, and the occurrence and severity of playground injuries. Inj Prev 2001;7:35-40.
12. Chalmers D. Height and surfacing as risk factors for injury in falls from playground equipment. Inj Prev 1996;2:98-104.
13. Mowat DL, Wang F, Pickett W, et al. A case control study of risk factors for playground injuries in Kingston and area. Inj Prev 1998;4:39-43.
14. Laforest S, Robitaille Y, Dorval D, et al. Severity of fall injuries on sand and grass in playgrounds. J Epidemiol Community Health 2000;54:475-7.
15. Macarthur C, Hu X, Wesson DE, et al. Risk factors for severe playground injuries associated with falls from playground equipment. Accident Analysis and Prevention 2000;32:377-82.
16. Petridou E, Sibert J, Dedoukou X, et al. Injuries in public and private playgrounds: the relative contribution of structural, equipment and human factors. Acta Paediatr 2002;91:691-7.
17. Rivers RP, Boyd RD, Baderman H. Falls from equipment as a cause of playground injury. Community Health 1978;9:178-9.
18. Frost J. Making playgrounds safe for children. Young Child July 1979:23-30.
19. Oliver TI, MacFarlane JP, Haigh JC, et al. Playground equipment and accidents. Aust Paediatr J 1981;17:100-3.
20. Christensen S. Accidents with playground equipment 3. Accidental falls. Ugeskr Laeger 1982;144:3568-71.
21. Boyce W, Sobolewski S, Sprunger LW, et al. Playground injuries in a large, urban school district. American Journal of Public Health 1984;74:987-6.
22. Ball D, King KL. Playground injuries; a scientific appraisal of populor concerns. J R Soc Health 1991;111:134-7.
23. Edwards D. Tarzan swings. A dangerous new epidemic. Br J Sports Med 1991;25:168-9.
24. Bond M. The risk of childhood injury on Boston's playground equipment and surfaces. Am J Public Heath 1993;83:5.
25. Mott A, Evans R, Rolfe K, et al. Patterns of injuries to children on public playgrounds. Arch Dis Child 1994;71:328-30.
26. Briss PA, Sacks JJ, Addiss DG, et al. A nationwide study of the risk of injury associated with day care center attendance. Pediatrics 1994;93:364-8.
27. Lillis K. Playground injuries in children. Pediatr Emerg Care 1997;13:149-53.
28. Mack M, Hudson S, Thompson D. A descriptive analysis of children's playground injuries in the United States, 1990-4. Inj Prev 1997;3:100-3.
29. Mayr J. Playground accidents. Acta Paediatr 1995;84:573-6.
30. Chalmers D. Playground injury: the kids are still falling for it. Children's Issues 1999;3(2):29-32.
31. Waltzman ML, Shannon M, Bowen AP, et al. Monkeybar injuries: complications of play. Pediatrics 1999;103:58.
32. Bernardo LM. Playground injuries in children. A review and Pennsylvania trauma centre experience. J Soc Paediatr Nurses 2001;6:11-20.
33. CPSC. Playground injuries treated in US hospital emergency rooms. CPSC, 2001.
34. Norton C, Rolfe K, Morris S, et al. How common are head injury and fracture to children in playgrounds with modern safety changes? An epidemiological study.
35. Robinovrtch SN, Chiu J. Surface stiffness affects impact force during a fall on the outstretched hand. J Orthop Res 1998;16:309-13.
36. ASTM. F1292-95 (American Society for Testing Materials) Standard Specification for Impact Attenuation of Surface Systems under and around Playground Equipment. Philadelphia: ASTM, 1995.
37. Faber MM. Massive subgaleal hemorrhage: a hazard of playground swings. Clin Pediatr 1976;15:384-5.
38. Nixon J, Acton C, Wallis B, et al. Injury and frequency of use of playground equipment in public schools and parks in Brisbane Australia. Inj Prev 2003;9:210-13.
39. Torrence M. Why ploy? Montessori Life 2001;13:20-1.
40. Hudson S, Thompson D, Mack M. Safe playgrounds: increased challenges, increased risks. Dimensions of Early Childhood 2001;29:18-23.
41. http://www.kidsource.com/kidsource/content4/ school.recess.html.
42. Nixon J. Death during play: a study of playground and recreation deaths in children. BMJ 1981;283:410.
43. Lam LT. Children at play: the death and injury pattern in NSW, July 1990-June 1994. J Paediatr Child Health 1999;35:572-7.
44. CPSC. Hazard identification and analysis report. Public playground equipment. Washington: DC, CPSC, 1979.
45. Mack MG, A descriptive analysis of children's playground injuries in the USA 1990-4. Inj Prev 1997;3:100-3.
46. Tinsworth D. Injuries and deaths associated with playground equipment. CPSC, 2001.
47. Tan Amy. Personal communication, 2001.