The Ottawa process revisited: Aggressive unilateralism in the post-Cold War world

International Journal

Volumn 58, Issue 3, 2003, Pages 281-293

  Chapnick, Adam ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0742320198     PISSN: 00207020     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/002070200305800303     Document Type: Review

References (46)

1. Lloyd Axworthy, "Towards a new multilateralism," In Maxwell A. Cameron, Robert J. Lawson and Brian W. Tomlin, eds, To Walk Without Fear: The Global Movement to Ban Landmines (Toronto: Oxford University Press 1998), 448.
2. Maxwell A. Cameron, Robert J. Lawson and Brian W. Tomlin, "To walk without fear," in Cameron et al., 15.
3. Maxwell A. Cameron, "Democratization of foreign policy: the Ottawa Process as a model," in Cameron et al., 444.
4. Axworthy, 448.
5. Four members of DFAIT have defined the Ottawa Process optimistically as "a fast-track diplomatic initiative with the ambitious mandate to deliver what the vast majority of informed observers thought would be impossible-the negotiation and signature of a convention banning anti-personnel mines in less than 14 months [between October 1996 and December 1997]." See Robert J. Lawson, Mark Gwozdecky, Jill Sinclair and Ralph Lysyshyn, "The Ottawa Process and the international movement to ban anti-personnel landmines," in Cameron et al., 160.
6. Cameron et al., 13.
7. Axworthy, 459.
8. Cameron et al., 12.
9. "The United Nations Convention on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Certain Conventional Weapons Which May be Deemed to be Excessively Injurious or to Have Indiscriminate Effects (adopted 10 October 1980)," cited in Louis Maresca and Stuart Maslen, eds, The Banning of Anti-Personnel Landmines: The Legal Contribution of the International Committee of the Red Cross (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 2000), 90-91.
10. Christopher Kirkey, "Washington's response to the Ottawa land mines process," Canadian-American Public Policy Occasional Paper 46 (August 2001), 4.
11. Lawson et al., 161.
12. Jody Williams and Stephen Goose, "The international campaign to ban landmines," in Cameron et al., 31.
13. Kirkey, 6.
14. Brian W. Tomlin, "On a fast track to a ban: the Canadian policy process," in Cameron et al., 198.
15. Mary Wareham, "Rhetoric and policy realities in the United States," in Cameron et al., 226.
16. I b i d.
17. Jody Williams, quoted in Tomlin, 201.
18. I b i d.
19. Tomlin, 201.
20. Declaration of the Ottawa Conference, 5 October 1996, in Marseca and Maslen, 481.
21. Axworthy, quoted in Tomlin, 205.
22. Wareham, 227.
23. Valerie Warmington and Celina Tuttle, "The Canadian campaign," in Cameron et al., 56.
24. Lawson et al., 182.
25. Michael Dolan and Chris Hunt, "Negotiating in the Ottawa Process: the new multilateralism," in Cameron et al., 399.
26. The term "two-track" has come to represent a negotiation structure, which included sessions inside and outside of the UN.
27. United Nations General Assembly Resolution 51/458: An International Agreement to Ban Anti-Personnel Landmines, 10 December 1996, in Maresca and Maslen, 493.
28. Dolan and Hunt, 404.
29. Joe Volk, in Wareham, 236.
30. Press Release, 10 February 1997, "First Meeting to Discuss a Treaty Banning Anti-Personnel Landmines Opens in Vienna on 12 February 1997," in Maresca and Maslen, 501; see also Kirkey, 13.
31. Press Release, 10 February 1997, "First Meeting to Discuss a Treaty Banning Anti-Personnel Landmines Opens in Vienna on 12 February 1997," in Maresca and Maslen, 501; see also Kirkey, 13.
32. Kirkey, 15.
33. Williams, 44.
34. Kirkey, 20-21.
35. The Treaty also committed all signatories to an action plan for implementation.
36. Statement of Cornelio Sommaruga, President, ICRC, 3 December 1997, in Maresca and Maslen, 587.
37. Williams, 47.
38. See David Garment, Fen Osier Hampson and Norman Hillmer, "Introduction," in Garment, Hampson and Hillmer, eds, Canada Among Nations 2003: Coping with the American Colossus (Toronto: Oxford University Press 2003).
39. Ibid, 451.
40. Ibid, 451.
41. Poll available at http://www.ipsosreid.com/media/dsp_displaypr.prnt.cfm?ID_to_view=1770.
42. See, for example, Richard Anderson, "Another week of confusing Liberal 'diplomacy'," The Toronto Star, 30 March 2003, A19, and Lloyd Axworthy, "A Canadian alternative to the Bush doctrine," The Toronto Star, 30 March 2003, F5, for contrasting views.
43. See, for example, Richard Anderson, "Another week of confusing Liberal 'diplomacy'," The Toronto Star, 30 March 2003, A19, and Lloyd Axworthy, "A Canadian alternative to the Bush doctrine," The Toronto Star, 30 March 2003, F5, for contrasting views.
44. Related articles (2 April 2003) available at http://www.icbl.org/.
45. "An UNconfirmed role," Economist.com, 2 April 2003, available at http://www.economlst.com/agenda/PrinterFriendly.cfm?Story_ID=1666332.
46. "Inspecting the case for war," Economist.com, 4 June 2003, available at http://www.economist.com/agenda/PrinterFriendly.cfm?Story_ID=1823980.