Regeneration beyond the glial scar

Nature Reviews Neuroscience

Volumn 5, Issue 2, 2004, Pages 146-156

  Silver, Jerry ^a   Miller, Jared H ^a  

^a CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BRAIN DERIVED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR; CYTOKINE; FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR 2; GAMMA INTERFERON; GLIAL FIBRILLARY ACIDIC PROTEIN; GLYCOSAMINOGLYCAN; LAMININ; MYELIN; N ACETYLGALACTOSAMINE 4 SULFATASE; NERVE GROWTH FACTOR; NEUROTROPHIN 3;

ADENOVIRUS; ANIMAL MODEL; CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM; DURA MATER; EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX; GENETIC TRANSDUCTION; GLIA CELL; IMMUNE SYSTEM; INTERMEDIATE FILAMENT; MACROPHAGE ACTIVATION; NERVE FIBER GROWTH; NERVE REGENERATION; NONHUMAN; OPTIC NERVE INJURY; PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SCAR; SPINAL CORD; SPINAL CORD INJURY; SPINAL GANGLION;

ADENOVIRIDAE; ANIMALIA;

EID: 0742288565     PISSN: 1471003X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/nrn1326     Document Type: Review

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131. Rudge, J. S. & Silver, J. Inhibition of neurite outgrowth on astroglial scars in vitro. J. Neurosci. 10, 3594-3603 (1990). The first paper to clearly show the capacity of the glial scar to inhibit axonal regeneration.
132. Bahr, M., Przyrembel, C. & Bastmeyer, M. Astrocytes from adult rat optic nerves are nonpermissive for regenerating retinal ganglion cell axons. Exp. Neurol. 131, 211-220 (1995).
133. Le Roux, P. D. & Reh, T. A. Reactive astroglia support primary dendritic but not axonal outgrowth from mouse cortical neurons in vitro. Exp. Neurol. 137, 49-65 (1996).
134. Smith, G., Miller, R. H. & Silver, J. Changing role of forebrain astrocytes during development, regenerative failure, and induced regeneration upon transplantation. J. Comp. Neurol. 251, 23-43 (1986).
135. Smith, G. & Silver, J. Transplantation of immature and mature astrocytes and their effect on scar formation in the lesioned central nervous system. Prog. Brain Res. 78, 353-361 (1988).
136. Smith, G. & Miller, R. H. Immature type-1 astrocytes suppress glial scar formation, are motile and interact with blood vessels. Brain Res. 543, 111-122 (1991).
137. Reier, P. J. Penetration of grafted astrocytic scars by regenerating optic nerve axons in Xenopus tadpoles. Brain Res. 184, 61-68 (1979). An interesting article that showed the capacity for amphibian glial scars to promote regeneration through their territory.
138. Reier, P. J. & Webster, H. Regeneration and remyelination of Xenopus tadpole optic nerve fibers following transection or crush. J. Neurocytol. 3, 591-618 (1974).
139. Murray, M. A quantitative study of regenerative sprouting by optic axons in goldfish. J. Comp. Neurol. 209, 352-362 (1982).
140. Murray, M. & Edwards, M. A. A quantitative study of the reinnervation of the goldfish optic tectum following optic nerve crush. J. Comp. Neurol. 209, 363-373 (1982).
141. Brittis, P. A. & Silver, J. Multiple factors govern intraretinal axon guidance: a time-lapse study. Mol. Cell. Neurosci. 6, 413-432 (1995).
142. Singer, M., Nordlander, R. H. & Egar, M. Axonal guidance during embryogenesis and regeneration in the spinal cord of the newt: a blueprint hypothesis of neuronal pathway patterning. J. Comp. Neurol. 185, 1-21 (1979). An important paper that first demonstrated the role of glial channels in providing a guidance highway for regenerating axons in the newt.
143. Matthews, R. T. et al. Aggrecan glycoforms contribute to the molecular heterogeneity of perineuronal nets. J. Neurosci. 22, 7536-7547 (2002).
144. Steindler, D. A. Glial boundaries in the developing nervous system. Ann. Rev. Neurosci. 16, 445-470 (1993)
145. Celio, M. R., Spreafico, R., De Biasi, S. & Vitellaro-Zuccarello, L. Perineuronal nets: past and present. Trends Neurosci. 21, 510-515 (1998).
146. Brückner, G., Bringmann, A., Koppe, G., Härtig, W. & Brauer, K. In vivo and in vitro labeling of perineuronal nets in rat brain. Brain Res. 720, 84-92 (1996).
147. Köppe, G., Brückner, G., Brauer, K., Härtig, W. & Bigl, V. Developmental patterns of proteoglycan-containing extracellular matrix in perineuronal nets and neuropil of the postnatal rat brain. Cell Tissue Res. 288, 33-41 (1997).
148. Lander, C., Kind, P., Maleski, M. & Hockfield, S. A family of activity-dependent neuronal cell-surface chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans in cat visual cortex. J. Neurosci. 17, 1928-1939 (1997). An important paper that first demonstrated the effect of environmental experience during maturation of the proteoglycan component of the perineuronal net. The paper led to the subsequent testing of this hypothesis through the use of chondroitinase to restore synaptic plasticity.
149. Pizzorusso, T. et al. Reactivation of ocular dominance plasticity in the adult visual cortex. Science 298, 1248-1251 (2002). An important paper showing that CSPGs in the perineuronal net are a crucial part of the mechanism that controls synaptic plasticity in the adult CNS.