Ring-Testing and Field-Validation of a Terrestrial Model Ecosystem (TME) - An Instrument for Testing Potentially Harmful Substances: Effects of Carbendazim on Earthworms

Ecotoxicology

Volumn 13, Issue 1-2, 2004, Pages 105-118

  Römbke, Jörg ^a   Van Gestel, Cornelis A M ^b   Jones, Susan E ^c   Koolhaas, Josée E ^b   Rodrigues, José M L ^d   Moser, Thomas ^a  

^a ECT OEKOTOXIKOLOGIE GMBH   (Germany)

^b VU UNIVERSITY AMSTERDAM   (Netherlands)

^c BANGOR UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^d UNIVERSITY OF AVEIRO   (Portugal)

Author keywords

Carbendazim; Community effects; Earthworms; Lumbricidae; Soil mesocosms

Indexed keywords

CARBENDAZIM;

EARTHWORM; FIELD METHOD; FUNGICIDE; MESOCOSM; POLLUTION MONITORING; SOIL POLLUTION;

ANALYSIS; ARTICLE; BIODIVERSITY; BIOMASS; EARTHWORM; ECOSYSTEM; GERMANY; INSTRUMENT; MODEL; NETHERLANDS; NONHUMAN; PORTUGAL; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SOIL; UNITED KINGDOM; VALIDATION PROCESS;

ANIMALS; BENZIMIDAZOLES; BIOMASS; CARBAMATES; CLASSIFICATION; ECOSYSTEM; FUNGICIDES, INDUSTRIAL; LETHAL DOSE 50; NO-OBSERVED-ADVERSE-EFFECT LEVEL; OLIGOCHAETA; POPULATION DYNAMICS; SOIL POLLUTANTS;

EURASIA; EUROPE;

ANIMALIA; LUMBRICIDAE; LUMBRICUS; LUMBRICUS RUBELLUS; LUMBRICUS TERRESTRIS; PHERETIMA SIEBOLDI;

EID: 0442313589     PISSN: 09639292     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1023/B:ECTX.0000012408.58017.08     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. Adema, D.M., Barug, D. and Vonk, J.W. (1985). Comparison of the effects of several chemicals on microorganisms, higher plants and earthworms. In Actes Symposium Intl. "Ecotoxicologie terrestre". pp. 199-214.
2. Bouché, M. (1972). Lombriciens de France. Ecologie et Systematique. Paris, France: INRA Publ. 72-2, Institut National de Recherches Agriculturelles, 671 pp.
3. Cairns, J. (1984). Are single species toxicity tests alone adequate for estimating environmental hazard? Environ. Monit. Assessm. 4, 259-73.
4. Checkai, R.T., Wentsel, R.S., Phillips, C.T. and Yon, R.L. (1993). Controlled environment soil-core microcosm unit for investigating fate, migration, and transformation of chemicals in soils. J. Soil Contamination 2, 229-43.
5. Cook, M.E. and Swait, A.A.J. (1975). Effects of some fungicide treatments on earthworm populations and leaf removal in apple orchards. J. hort. Sci. Sci. 50, 495-9.
6. Cuppen, J.G.M., Van den Brink, P.J., Camps E., Uil, K.F. and Brock, T.C.M. (2000). Impact of the fungicide carbendazim on freshwater microcosms. I. Water quality, breakdown of particulate organic matter and responses of macro invertebrates. Aquat. Toxicol. 48, 233-50.
7. Dunger, W. and Fiedler, H.J. (1997). Methoden der Bodenbiologie, Jena: G. Fischer Verlag. 539 pp.
8. Edwards, C.A. (1984). Report of the second stage in development of a standardized laboratory method for assessing the toxicity of chemical substances to earthworms. Environment and quality of life, Report EUR 9360 EN. Commission of the European Communities, Luxembourg, 99 pp.
9. Edwards, C.A. and Bohlen, P.J. (1996). Biology end Ecology of Earthworms, 3rd edn., 426 pp. London: Chapman and Hall.
10. Edwards, C.A., Knacker, T. and Pokarzhevskii, A. (1998). The prediction of the fate and effects of pesticides in the environment using tiered laboratory soil microcosms. The 1998 Brighton Conf. - Pests Diseases 4C-1, 267-72.
11. EPPO (2001). Environmental risk assessment for plant protection products. Chapter 7: Soil organisms and functions. EPPO Standards, draft version 2001-02-12. Organisation Européenne et Méditerranéenne pour la protection des Plantes 1, Paris.
12. Federschmidt, A. (1994). Die Oligochätenfauna zweier Ökosysteme auf Lößlehm unter Berücksichtigung der Auswirkungen von Chemikalienstreß. Dissertation Universität Frankfurt.
13. Fredrickson, J.K., Van Voris, P., Bentjen, S.A. and Bolton, H. Jr. (1991). Terrestrial microcosm for evaluating the environmental fate and risks associated with the release of chemicals or genetically engineered micro-organisms to the environment. Toxic Subst. J. 11, 65-110.
14. Frampton, G.K. and Wratten, S.D. (2000). Effects of benzimidazole and triazole fungicide use on epigeic species of Collembola in wheat. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Safety 46, 64-72.
15. Gillett, J.W. and Witt, J.M. (1980). Chemical evaluation: projected application of terrestrial microcosm technology. In J.P. Giesy, (ed). Microcosms in Ecological Research, pp. 1008-33. Springfield, Virginia, USA: Technical Information Centre US Department of Energy.
16. Graff, O. (1953). Die Regenwürmer Deutschlands. Schriftenreihe Forschungsinstitut Landwirtschaft 7, 1-70.
17. Graff, O. (1957). De lumbricidis quibusdam in Lusitania habitantibus. Agronomia Lusitana 19, 299-304.
18. Haanstra, L., Doelman, P. and Oude Voshaar, J.H. (1985). The use of sigmoidal dose response curves in soil ecotoxicological research. Plant Soil 84, 293-7.
19. Heimbach, F. (1988). A comparison of laboratory methods for toxicity testing with earthworms. In C.A. Edwards and E.F. Neuhauser, (eds). Earthworms in Waste and Environmental Management, pp. 329-35. The Hague: SPB Academic Publ.
20. ISO (1993). Soil quality - Determination of particle size distribution in mineral soil material - Method by sieving and sedimentation following removal of soluble salts, organic matter and carbonates. Guideline 11277, International Organisation for Standardisation, Geneva.
21. ISO (1994). Soil Quality - Determination of pH. Guideline 10390, International Organisation for Standardisation, Geneva.
22. ISO (1995). Soil quality - Determination of organic carbon and total carbon after dry combustion. Guideline 10694, International Organisation for Standardisation, Geneva.
23. ISO (1998). Soil quality Effects of pollutants on earthworms (Eisenia fetida). Part 2: Determination of effects on reproduction. Guideline 11268-2, International Organisation for Standardisation, Geneva.
24. Keogh, R.G. and Whitehead, P.H. (1975). Observations on some effects of pasture spraying with benomyl and carbendazim on earthworm activity and litter removal from pasture. N. Z. J. Exp. Agric. 3, 103-4.
25. Knacker, T., Van Gestel, C.A.M., Jones, S.E., Sousa, P., Schallnass, H.-J., Förster, B. and Edwards, C.A. (2004). Ring-testing and field-validation of a Terrestrial Model Ecosystem (TME) - an instrument for testing potentially harmful substances: Conceptual approach and study design. Ecotoxicology 13, 9-27.
26. Knacker, T., Römbke, J., Eder, M., Federschmidt, A., Förster, B. and Schallnass, H.-J. (1994). Arbeiten zur Übertragbarkeit und Präzisierung der Wirkungsmechanismen chemischer Belastung in verschiedenen Ökosystemen. TP 2: Zoologische und mikrobiologische Parameter zum Streuabbau. Bericht des Battelle-Instituts für das Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung Nr. 0339302B, 536 pp.
27. Knacker, T., Marcinkowski, A., Förster, B., Arthur, M.F. and Tolle, D.A. (1989). Refinement of terrestrial microcosms for evaluating fate and effects of chemicals. Brighton Crop Protection Conference - Weeds, 259-65.
28. Landis, W.G., Matthews, R.A. and Matthews, G.B. (1997). Design and analysis of multispecies toxicity tests for pesticide registration. Ecol. Appl. 7, 1111-6.
29. Lofs-Holmin, A. (1981). Influence in field experiments of benomyl and carbendazim on earthworms (Lumbricidae) in relation to soil texture. Swed. J. Agric. Res. 11, 141-7.
30. Morgan, E. and Knacker, T. (1994). The role of laboratory terrestrial model ecosystems in the testing of potentially harmful substances. Ecotoxicology 3, 213-33.
31. Norusis, M.J. (1998). SPSS® 8.0 Guide to data analysis, p. 563. Upper Saddle River.
32. OECD (2001). Guideline for Testing of Chemicals (Draft). Earthworm Reproduction Test (Eisenia fetida/andrei). Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development, Paris.
33. Omodeo, P. (1988). The genus Eophila (Lumbricidae, Oligochaeta). Boll. Zool. 55, 73-84.
34. Römbke, J., Beck, L., Förster, B., Fründ, C-H., Horak, F., Ruf, A., Rosciczewski, K., Scheurig, M. and Woas, S. (1997). Boden als Lebensraum für Bodenorganismen und bodenbiologische Standortklassifikation - Literaturstudie. Texte und Berichte zum Bodenschutz 4/97. Landesanstalt für Umweltschutz Baden-Württemberg (Karlsruhe). 390 pp. and appendix.
35. Sachs, L. (1999). Angewandte Statistik. Anwendung statistischer Methoden, 881 pp. Berlin.
36. Satchell, J.E. (1983). Earthworm Ecology. From Darwin to Vermiculture, 495 pp. London: Chapman and Hall.
37. Satchell, J.E. (1955). Some aspects of earthworm zoology. In D.K. Mc. E. Kevan, (ed) Soil Zoology, pp. 180-201. London: Butterworths.
38. Sheppard, S.C. (1997). Toxicity testing using microcosms. In: Tarradellas, J., Bitton, G. and Rossel, D. (eds). Soil Ecotoxicology, Lewis Publ., Boca Raton, pp. 345-73.
39. Sims, R.W. and Gerard, B.M. (1985). Earthworms. In: Kermack, D.M. and Bames, R.S.K. (eds). Synopses of the British Fauna (New Series) No. 31. 171 pp. London: E.J. Brill/Dr. W. Backhuys.
40. Sparks, T. (2000). Statistics in Ecotoxicology. 320 pp. Chichester: Wiley.
41. Stop-Bøwitz, C. (1969). A contribution to our knowledge of the systematics & zoogeography of Norwegian earthworms. Nytt Magazin Zoologie 17, 169-280.
42. Trigo, D., Mascato, R., Mato, S. and Diaz Cosin, D. (1988). Biogeographical divisions of continental Portugal as regards earthworm fauna. Boll. Zool. 55, 85-92.
43. Van Gestel, C.A.M. (1992). Validation of earthworm toxicity tests by comparison with field studies: A review of benomyl, carbendazim, carbofuran, and carbaryl. Ecotoxol. Environ. Safety 23, 221-36.
44. Van Gestel, C.A.M., Dirven-Van Breemen, E.M., Baerselman, R., Emans, J.J.B., Janssen, J.A.M., Postuma, R. and Van Vliet, P.J.M. (1992). Comparison of sublethal and lethal criteria for nine different chemicals in standardized toxicity tests using the earthworm Eisenia andrei. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Safety 23, 206-20.
45. Van Leeuwen, C.J. and Hermens, J.L.M. (eds). (1995). Risk Assessment of Chemicals. An Introduction, 374 pp. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
46. Van Voris, P., Tolle, D.A. and Arthur, M.F. (1985). Experimental Terrestrial Soil-Core Microcosm Test Protocol. United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, EPA/600/3-85/047 PNL-5450, UC-11.
47. Velthorst, E.J. (1993). Manual for chemical water analysis. Department of Soil Science and Geology, Agricultural University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
48. Vonk, J.W., Adema, D.M.M. and Barug, D. (1986). Comparison of the effects of several chemicals on microorganisms, higher plants and earthworms. In J.W. Assink, and W.J. Van den Brink (eds). Contaminated Soil, pp. 191-202. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers.
49. Weyers, A., Sokull-Klüttgen, B., Knacker, T., Martin, S. and Van Gestel, C.A.M. (2004). Use of Terrestrial Model Ecosystem data in environmental risk assessment for industrial chemicals, biocides and plant protection products in the EU. Ecotoxicology 13, 163-176.
50. World Health Organisation (1993). Carbendazim. Environmental Health Criteria 149. Published under the joint sponsorship of the United Nations Environment Programme, the International Labour Organisation, and the World Health Organisation, Geneva, Switzerland, pp. 1-125.
51. Zicsi, A. (1976). Weitere Angaben zur Regenwurm-Fauna (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae) des Tessins (Schweiz). Revue Suisse Zool. 83, 515-20.
52. Zicsi, A. (1965). Eine neue Regenwurm-Art aus Portugal (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae). Acta Zool. 11, 217-25.