Direct measurement of H+ activity inside cross-linked functional polymers using nitroxide spin probes

Journal of Physical Chemistry B

Volumn 108, Issue 4, 2004, Pages 1302-1313

  Molochnikov, Leonid S ^a   Kovalyova, Elena G ^a   Grigor'ev, Igor A ^b   Zagorodni, Andrei A ^c  

^a Ural State Forestry Academy   (Russian Federation)

^b N N VOROZHTSOV NOVOSIBIRSK INSTITUTE OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY   (Russian Federation)

^c ROYAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (Sweden)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CHEMICAL ACTIVATION; COPPER; CROSSLINKING; HYDROGEN; HYDROLYSIS; ION EXCHANGE RESINS; IONIZATION; PARAMAGNETIC RESONANCE; POLYELECTROLYTES; PROBES; SORPTION; THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES;

ION EXCHANGE EQUILIBRIA; IONIZATION CONSTANTS; NITROXIDE RADICALS; NITROXIDE SPIN PROBES; POTENTIOMETRIC METHOD;

FUNCTIONAL POLYMERS;

EID: 0442311059     PISSN: 15206106     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/jp021785t     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Polyansky, N. J.; Gorbunov, G. B.; Polianskaya, N. L. Methods for Investigation of Ion Exchangers; Chemistry: Moscow, 1976.
2. Nash, K. L.; Rickert, P. G.; Muntean, J. V.; Alexandratos, S. D. Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. 1994, 12, 193.
3. Tao, Z. Y.; Du, J. Z.; Chu, T. W. React. Funct. Polym. 1996, 31, 17.
4. Kononowa, O. N.; Cholmogorow, A. G.; Paschkow, G. L.; Wdowina, G. P. Acta Hydrochim. Hydrobiol. 1997, 25, 208.
5. Hogfeldt, E.; Szabadka, O.; Marton, A.; Varga, E. React. Funct. Polym. 1998, 38, 113.
6. Gregor, H. P.; L. B. Luttinger, E.; Loeble, L. B. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1954, 76, 5879.
7. Michaeli, J.; Katchalsky, A. J. Polym. Sci. 1957, 23, 683.
8. Libinson, G. S. Physico-Chemical Properties of Carboxylic Cation Exchangers, Nauka: Moscow, 1969.
9. Saldadze, K. M.; Kopylova-Valova, V. D. Complex-Forming Ion-Exchangers, Chemistry: Moscow, 1980.
10. Soldatov, V. S. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1995, 34, 2605.
11. Soldatov, V. S. Dokl. Akad. Nauk 1995, 343, 350.
12. Zundel, G. Hydration and Intermolecular Interaction; Academic Press: New York, 1969.
13. Vishnevskaya, G. P.; Saphin, R. Sh.; Molotshnikov L. S.; Lipunov I. N.; Kazantsev, E. I. Mol. Phys. 1977, 34, 1329.
14. Selemenev, V. F.; Kotova, D. L.; Amelin, A. N.; Zagorodnii, A. A. Russ. J. Phys. Chem. 1991, 65, 996.
15. Uglyanskaya, V. A.; Zavyalova T. A.; Selemenev V. F.; Chikin G. A. Russ. J. Phys. Chem. 1990, 64, 181.
16. Mank, V. V.; Kurilenko, O. D. Investigation of Intermolecular Interaction in Ion-Exchange Resins by NMR Method; Naukova Dumka: Kiev, 1976.
17. Fernandez M. S.; Fromherz, P. J. J. Phys. Chem. 1977, 81, 1755.
18. Fromherz, P. Methods Enzymol. 1989, 171, 376.
19. Cevc G.; Marsh, D. Phospolipid Bilayers, Physical Principles and Models; Wiley-Interscience: New York, 1987.
20. Khramtsov, V. V.; Marsh, D.; Weiner, L.; Reznikov, V. A. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1992, 1104, 317.
21. Khramtsov V. V.; Volodarsky, L. B. In Spin Labeling: The Next Millennium; Biological Magnetic Resonance; Berliner, L. J., Ed.; Plenum Press: New York, 1998; Volume 14, p 109.
22. Hartley G. S.; Roe, J. W. Trans. Faraday Soc. 1940, 36, 101.
23. D'akonova, O. V.; Kotov, V. V.; Selemenev, V. F.; Voishchev, V. S. Russ. J. Phys. Chem. 1998, 72, 1275.
24. Efendiev, A. A.; Shahtahinskaya A. T. J. Polym. Sci., Part A 1978, 20, 314.
25. Molochnikov, L. S.; Kovalyova, E. G.; Zagorodni, A. A.; Muhammed, M.; Efendiev, A. A. Polymer 2003, 44, 4805.
26. Volodarskij, L. B.; Grigor'ev, I. A.; Dikanov, S. A.; Reznikov, V. A.; Schukin, G. I. Imidazoline Nitroxide Radicals; Nauka: Novosibirsk, 1988.
27. Spin Labeling: Theory and Applications; Berliner, L. J., Ed.; Academic Press: New York, 1976.
28. Kuznetsov, A. N. Method of Spin Probe; Nauka: Moscow, 1976.
29. Budil, D. E.; Lee, F.; Saxena, F.; Fred, J. H. J. Magn. Reson., Ser. A 1996, 120, 155.
30. Ferapontov, N. B.; Gorshkov, V. I.; Parbuzina, L. R.; Trobov, H. T.; Strusovskaya, N. L. React. Funct. Polym. 1999, 41, 213.
31. Ferapontov, N. B.; Parbuzina, L. R.; Gorshkov, V. I.; Strusovkskaya, N. L.; Gagarin, A. N. React. Funct. Polym. 2000, 45, 145.
32. Khramtsov, V. V.; Weiner, L. M.; Grigor'ev, I. A.; Reznikov V. A.; Schukin, G. I.; Volodarski, L. B. Khim. Fiz. 1985, 4, 637.
33. Molochnikov, L. S.; Kovalyova, E. G.; Grigor'ev, I. A.; Reznikov V. A. In Metal-Containing Polymeric Materials; Pittman, C. U., Jr, Carraher, C. E., Jr, Zeldin, M., Sheats, J. E., Culbertson, B. M., Eds.; Plenum Press: New York, 1996; p 395.
34. Sillen, L. G.; Martell, A. E. Stability Constants of Metal-Ion Complexes; Chemical Society: London, 1971; Supplement 1.
35. Nesmeyanov, A. N.; Nesmeyanov, N. A. Principles of Organic Chemistry, book 1; Chemistry: Moscow, 1989.
36. Biesuz, R.; Zagorodni, A. A.; Muhammed M. J. Phys. Chem. B 2001, 105, 4721.
37. Kovalyova, E. G.; Molochnikov, L. S.; Lipunov, I. N. Russ. J. Phys. Chem. 2000, 74, 1262.
38. Leikin, Yu. A.; Rotaychek, V. Khim. Technol. Vysokomol. Soedin. 1971, 3, 86.
39. vanBerkel, P. M.; Driessen, W. L.; Reedijk J.; Sherrington, D. C.; Zitsmanis, A. React. Funct. Polym. 1995, 27, 15.
40. Hoorn, H. J.; deJoode, P.; Dijkstra, D. J.; Driessen, W. L.; Kooijman, H.; Veldman, N.; Spek, A. L.; Reedijk, J. J Mater. Chem. 1997, 7, 1747.
41. Hoorn, H. J.; deJoode, P.; Driessen, W. L.; Reedijk, J. React. Funct. Polym. 1997, 32, 169.
42. The degree of ionization is defined as the ratio between the number of functional groups ionized in the inter-resin solution and the total number of functional groups.
43. Most classic models of ion-exchange resins consider the delocalization of the functional group's charge along the polymeric matrix. The matrix charge is considered to be constant in strong ion exchangers and can vary with pH in weak cation and anion exchangers because of reactions of protonation and deprotonation.
44. The degree of neutralization is defined as the ratio between the amount of alkali added to the cation exchanger or the amount of acid added to the anion exchanger and the total number of functional groups.
45. The symbol · denotes an nitroxide radical.
46. The bar indicates the solid phase.
47. The numbering of these samples corresponds to that given in Table 3. The Table is discussed in detail later in the Discussion.
48. We have to mention that the curves presented in Figures 6-10 and Figure 3 are plotted on the basis of the same experimental data. Figures 6-10 differ from Figure 3 by the system of approximations accepted (our approximations and Fromherz's approach, correspondingly).