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Volumn 32, Issue 1, 2004, Pages 69-92

Tribal Shaykhs and the Limits of British Imperial Rule in Transjordan, 1920-46

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EID: 0442291620     PISSN: 03086534     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/03086530410001705524     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (10)

References (161)
  • 1
    • 0011676362 scopus 로고
    • London
    • P. J. Vatikiotis, Politics and the Military in Jordan: A Study of the Arab Legion 1921-1957 (London, 1967); Uriel Dann, Studies in the History of Transjordan, 1920-1949: The Making of a State (Boulder, 1984); Mustafa Hamarneh, 'Social and Economic Transformation of Trans-Jordan, 1921-1946', Ph.D. thesis, Georgetown University, 1985; Philip Robins, 'The Consolidation of the Hashemite Power in Jordan 1921-1946', Ph.D. thesis, University of Exeter, 1988; Mary C. Wilson, King Abdullah, Britain and the Making of Jordan (Cambridge, 1987). The last work is justly considered to be the standard book on mandatory Transjordan. A recent study from a post-colonial analytical approach attempts to reaffirm the mighty power of the British in Transjordan. See Joseph A. Massad, Colonial Effects: The Making of National Identity in Jordan (New York, 2001).
    • (1967) Politics and the Military in Jordan: A Study of the Arab Legion 1921-1957
    • Vatikiotis, P.J.1
  • 2
    • 0442316925 scopus 로고
    • Boulder
    • P. J. Vatikiotis, Politics and the Military in Jordan: A Study of the Arab Legion 1921-1957 (London, 1967); Uriel Dann, Studies in the History of Transjordan, 1920-1949: The Making of a State (Boulder, 1984); Mustafa Hamarneh, 'Social and Economic Transformation of Trans-Jordan, 1921-1946', Ph.D. thesis, Georgetown University, 1985; Philip Robins, 'The Consolidation of the Hashemite Power in Jordan 1921-1946', Ph.D. thesis, University of Exeter, 1988; Mary C. Wilson, King Abdullah, Britain and the Making of Jordan (Cambridge, 1987). The last work is justly considered to be the standard book on mandatory Transjordan. A recent study from a post-colonial analytical approach attempts to reaffirm the mighty power of the British in Transjordan. See Joseph A. Massad, Colonial Effects: The Making of National Identity in Jordan (New York, 2001).
    • (1984) Studies in the History of Transjordan, 1920-1949: The Making of a State
    • Dann, U.1
  • 3
    • 0040870098 scopus 로고
    • Ph.D. thesis, Georgetown University
    • P. J. Vatikiotis, Politics and the Military in Jordan: A Study of the Arab Legion 1921-1957 (London, 1967); Uriel Dann, Studies in the History of Transjordan, 1920-1949: The Making of a State (Boulder, 1984); Mustafa Hamarneh, 'Social and Economic Transformation of Trans-Jordan, 1921-1946', Ph.D. thesis, Georgetown University, 1985; Philip Robins, 'The Consolidation of the Hashemite Power in Jordan 1921-1946', Ph.D. thesis, University of Exeter, 1988; Mary C. Wilson, King Abdullah, Britain and the Making of Jordan (Cambridge, 1987). The last work is justly considered to be the standard book on mandatory Transjordan. A recent study from a post-colonial analytical approach attempts to reaffirm the mighty power of the British in Transjordan. See Joseph A. Massad, Colonial Effects: The Making of National Identity in Jordan (New York, 2001).
    • (1985) Social and Economic Transformation of Trans-Jordan, 1921-1946
    • Hamarneh, M.1
  • 4
    • 0442301393 scopus 로고
    • Ph.D. thesis, University of Exeter
    • P. J. Vatikiotis, Politics and the Military in Jordan: A Study of the Arab Legion 1921-1957 (London, 1967); Uriel Dann, Studies in the History of Transjordan, 1920-1949: The Making of a State (Boulder, 1984); Mustafa Hamarneh, 'Social and Economic Transformation of Trans-Jordan, 1921-1946', Ph.D. thesis, Georgetown University, 1985; Philip Robins, 'The Consolidation of the Hashemite Power in Jordan 1921-1946', Ph.D. thesis, University of Exeter, 1988; Mary C. Wilson, King Abdullah, Britain and the Making of Jordan (Cambridge, 1987). The last work is justly considered to be the standard book on mandatory Transjordan. A recent study from a post-colonial analytical approach attempts to reaffirm the mighty power of the British in Transjordan. See Joseph A. Massad, Colonial Effects: The Making of National Identity in Jordan (New York, 2001).
    • (1988) The Consolidation of the Hashemite Power in Jordan 1921-1946
    • Robins, P.1
  • 5
    • 0003531308 scopus 로고
    • Cambridge
    • P. J. Vatikiotis, Politics and the Military in Jordan: A Study of the Arab Legion 1921-1957 (London, 1967); Uriel Dann, Studies in the History of Transjordan, 1920-1949: The Making of a State (Boulder, 1984); Mustafa Hamarneh, 'Social and Economic Transformation of Trans-Jordan, 1921-1946', Ph.D. thesis, Georgetown University, 1985; Philip Robins, 'The Consolidation of the Hashemite Power in Jordan 1921-1946', Ph.D. thesis, University of Exeter, 1988; Mary C. Wilson, King Abdullah, Britain and the Making of Jordan (Cambridge, 1987). The last work is justly considered to be the standard book on mandatory Transjordan. A recent study from a post-colonial analytical approach attempts to reaffirm the mighty power of the British in Transjordan. See Joseph A. Massad, Colonial Effects: The Making of National Identity in Jordan (New York, 2001).
    • (1987) King Abdullah, Britain and the Making of Jordan
    • Wilson, M.C.1
  • 6
    • 0038818819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New York
    • P. J. Vatikiotis, Politics and the Military in Jordan: A Study of the Arab Legion 1921-1957 (London, 1967); Uriel Dann, Studies in the History of Transjordan, 1920-1949: The Making of a State (Boulder, 1984); Mustafa Hamarneh, 'Social and Economic Transformation of Trans-Jordan, 1921-1946', Ph.D. thesis, Georgetown University, 1985; Philip Robins, 'The Consolidation of the Hashemite Power in Jordan 1921-1946', Ph.D. thesis, University of Exeter, 1988; Mary C. Wilson, King Abdullah, Britain and the Making of Jordan (Cambridge, 1987). The last work is justly considered to be the standard book on mandatory Transjordan. A recent study from a post-colonial analytical approach attempts to reaffirm the mighty power of the British in Transjordan. See Joseph A. Massad, Colonial Effects: The Making of National Identity in Jordan (New York, 2001).
    • (2001) Colonial Effects: The Making of National Identity in Jordan
    • Massad, J.A.1
  • 7
    • 0442316926 scopus 로고
    • London
    • Some exceptions are works which have examined aspects of this matter. See Peter Gubser, Politics and Change in Al-Karak, Jordan (London, 1973); Paul A. Jureidini and R.D. McLaurin, Jordan: The Impact of Social Change on the Role of the Tribes (New York, 1984); Norman Lewis, Nomads and Settlers in Syria and Jordan, 1800-1980 (Cambridge, 1987); Abla Mohamed Amawi, 'State and Class in Transjordan: A Study of State Autonomy', Ph.D. thesis, Georgetown University, 1992; Riccardo Bocco and Tariq M.M. Tell, 'Pax Britannica in the Steppe: British Policy and the Transjordan Bedouin', in Eugene L. Rogan and Tariq M.M. Tell (eds.), Village, Steppe and State: The Social Origins of Modern Jordan (London, 1994), 108-27; idem, 'Frontière, tribus et Etat(s) en Jordanie orientale a l'époque du mandate', Maghreb-Machrel (1995), 26-47; Michael Richard Fischbach, State, Society and Land in Jordan (Leiden, 2000); Andrew Shryock, Nationalism and the Genealogical Imagination: Oral History and Textual Authority in Tribal Jordan (Berkeley, 1997); Massad, Colonial Effects.
    • (1973) Politics and Change in Al-karak, Jordan
    • Gubser, P.1
  • 8
    • 0003411373 scopus 로고
    • New York
    • Some exceptions are works which have examined aspects of this matter. See Peter Gubser, Politics and Change in Al-Karak, Jordan (London, 1973); Paul A. Jureidini and R.D. McLaurin, Jordan: The Impact of Social Change on the Role of the Tribes (New York, 1984); Norman Lewis, Nomads and Settlers in Syria and Jordan, 1800-1980 (Cambridge, 1987); Abla Mohamed Amawi, 'State and Class in Transjordan: A Study of State Autonomy', Ph.D. thesis, Georgetown University, 1992; Riccardo Bocco and Tariq M.M. Tell, 'Pax Britannica in the Steppe: British Policy and the Transjordan Bedouin', in Eugene L. Rogan and Tariq M.M. Tell (eds.), Village, Steppe and State: The Social Origins of Modern Jordan (London, 1994), 108-27; idem, 'Frontière, tribus et Etat(s) en Jordanie orientale a l'époque du mandate', Maghreb-Machrel (1995), 26-47; Michael Richard Fischbach, State, Society and Land in Jordan (Leiden, 2000); Andrew Shryock, Nationalism and the Genealogical Imagination: Oral History and Textual Authority in Tribal Jordan (Berkeley, 1997); Massad, Colonial Effects.
    • (1984) Jordan: The Impact of Social Change on the Role of the Tribes
    • Jureidini, P.A.1    McLaurin, R.D.2
  • 9
    • 0003421988 scopus 로고
    • Cambridge
    • Some exceptions are works which have examined aspects of this matter. See Peter Gubser, Politics and Change in Al-Karak, Jordan (London, 1973); Paul A. Jureidini and R.D. McLaurin, Jordan: The Impact of Social Change on the Role of the Tribes (New York, 1984); Norman Lewis, Nomads and Settlers in Syria and Jordan, 1800-1980 (Cambridge, 1987); Abla Mohamed Amawi, 'State and Class in Transjordan: A Study of State Autonomy', Ph.D. thesis, Georgetown University, 1992; Riccardo Bocco and Tariq M.M. Tell, 'Pax Britannica in the Steppe: British Policy and the Transjordan Bedouin', in Eugene L. Rogan and Tariq M.M. Tell (eds.), Village, Steppe and State: The Social Origins of Modern Jordan (London, 1994), 108-27; idem, 'Frontière, tribus et Etat(s) en Jordanie orientale a l'époque du mandate', Maghreb-Machrel (1995), 26-47; Michael Richard Fischbach, State, Society and Land in Jordan (Leiden, 2000); Andrew Shryock, Nationalism and the Genealogical Imagination: Oral History and Textual Authority in Tribal Jordan (Berkeley, 1997); Massad, Colonial Effects.
    • (1987) Nomads and Settlers in Syria and Jordan, 1800-1980
    • Lewis, N.1
  • 10
    • 0004696342 scopus 로고
    • Ph.D. thesis, Georgetown University
    • Some exceptions are works which have examined aspects of this matter. See Peter Gubser, Politics and Change in Al-Karak, Jordan (London, 1973); Paul A. Jureidini and R.D. McLaurin, Jordan: The Impact of Social Change on the Role of the Tribes (New York, 1984); Norman Lewis, Nomads and Settlers in Syria and Jordan, 1800-1980 (Cambridge, 1987); Abla Mohamed Amawi, 'State and Class in Transjordan: A Study of State Autonomy', Ph.D. thesis, Georgetown University, 1992; Riccardo Bocco and Tariq M.M. Tell, 'Pax Britannica in the Steppe: British Policy and the Transjordan Bedouin', in Eugene L. Rogan and Tariq M.M. Tell (eds.), Village, Steppe and State: The Social Origins of Modern Jordan (London, 1994), 108-27; idem, 'Frontière, tribus et Etat(s) en Jordanie orientale a l'époque du mandate', Maghreb-Machrel (1995), 26-47; Michael Richard Fischbach, State, Society and Land in Jordan (Leiden, 2000); Andrew Shryock, Nationalism and the Genealogical Imagination: Oral History and Textual Authority in Tribal Jordan (Berkeley, 1997); Massad, Colonial Effects.
    • (1992) State and Class in Transjordan: A Study of State Autonomy
    • Amawi, A.M.1
  • 11
    • 0442316019 scopus 로고
    • Pax Britannica in the Steppe: British Policy and the Transjordan Bedouin
    • Eugene L. Rogan and Tariq M.M. Tell (eds.) (London)
    • Some exceptions are works which have examined aspects of this matter. See Peter Gubser, Politics and Change in Al-Karak, Jordan (London, 1973); Paul A. Jureidini and R.D. McLaurin, Jordan: The Impact of Social Change on the Role of the Tribes (New York, 1984); Norman Lewis, Nomads and Settlers in Syria and Jordan, 1800-1980 (Cambridge, 1987); Abla Mohamed Amawi, 'State and Class in Transjordan: A Study of State Autonomy', Ph.D. thesis, Georgetown University, 1992; Riccardo Bocco and Tariq M.M. Tell, 'Pax Britannica in the Steppe: British Policy and the Transjordan Bedouin', in Eugene L. Rogan and Tariq M.M. Tell (eds.), Village, Steppe and State: The Social Origins of Modern Jordan (London, 1994), 108-27; idem, 'Frontière, tribus et Etat(s) en Jordanie orientale a l'époque du mandate', Maghreb-Machrel (1995), 26-47; Michael Richard Fischbach, State, Society and Land in Jordan (Leiden, 2000); Andrew Shryock, Nationalism and the Genealogical Imagination: Oral History and Textual Authority in Tribal Jordan (Berkeley, 1997); Massad, Colonial Effects.
    • (1994) Village, Steppe and State: The Social Origins of Modern Jordan , pp. 108-127
    • Bocco, R.1    Tell, T.M.M.2
  • 12
    • 0345132292 scopus 로고
    • Frontière, tribus et Etat(s) en Jordanie orientale a l'époque du mandate
    • Some exceptions are works which have examined aspects of this matter. See Peter Gubser, Politics and Change in Al-Karak, Jordan (London, 1973); Paul A. Jureidini and R.D. McLaurin, Jordan: The Impact of Social Change on the Role of the Tribes (New York, 1984); Norman Lewis, Nomads and Settlers in Syria and Jordan, 1800-1980 (Cambridge, 1987); Abla Mohamed Amawi, 'State and Class in Transjordan: A Study of State Autonomy', Ph.D. thesis, Georgetown University, 1992; Riccardo Bocco and Tariq M.M. Tell, 'Pax Britannica in the Steppe: British Policy and the Transjordan Bedouin', in Eugene L. Rogan and Tariq M.M. Tell (eds.), Village, Steppe and State: The Social Origins of Modern Jordan (London, 1994), 108-27; idem, 'Frontière, tribus et Etat(s) en Jordanie orientale a l'époque du mandate', Maghreb-Machrel (1995), 26-47; Michael Richard Fischbach, State, Society and Land in Jordan (Leiden, 2000); Andrew Shryock, Nationalism and the Genealogical Imagination: Oral History and Textual Authority in Tribal Jordan (Berkeley, 1997); Massad, Colonial Effects.
    • (1995) Maghreb-machrel , pp. 26-47
    • Bocco, R.1    Tell, T.M.M.2
  • 13
    • 0006620486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leiden
    • Some exceptions are works which have examined aspects of this matter. See Peter Gubser, Politics and Change in Al-Karak, Jordan (London, 1973); Paul A. Jureidini and R.D. McLaurin, Jordan: The Impact of Social Change on the Role of the Tribes (New York, 1984); Norman Lewis, Nomads and Settlers in Syria and Jordan, 1800-1980 (Cambridge, 1987); Abla Mohamed Amawi, 'State and Class in Transjordan: A Study of State Autonomy', Ph.D. thesis, Georgetown University, 1992; Riccardo Bocco and Tariq M.M. Tell, 'Pax Britannica in the Steppe: British Policy and the Transjordan Bedouin', in Eugene L. Rogan and Tariq M.M. Tell (eds.), Village, Steppe and State: The Social Origins of Modern Jordan (London, 1994), 108-27; idem, 'Frontière, tribus et Etat(s) en Jordanie orientale a l'époque du mandate', Maghreb-Machrel (1995), 26-47; Michael Richard Fischbach, State, Society and Land in Jordan (Leiden, 2000); Andrew Shryock, Nationalism and the Genealogical Imagination: Oral History and Textual Authority in Tribal Jordan (Berkeley, 1997); Massad, Colonial Effects.
    • (2000) State, Society and Land in Jordan
    • Fischbach, M.R.1
  • 14
    • 0003722393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Berkeley
    • Some exceptions are works which have examined aspects of this matter. See Peter Gubser, Politics and Change in Al-Karak, Jordan (London, 1973); Paul A. Jureidini and R.D. McLaurin, Jordan: The Impact of Social Change on the Role of the Tribes (New York, 1984); Norman Lewis, Nomads and Settlers in Syria and Jordan, 1800-1980 (Cambridge, 1987); Abla Mohamed Amawi, 'State and Class in Transjordan: A Study of State Autonomy', Ph.D. thesis, Georgetown University, 1992; Riccardo Bocco and Tariq M.M. Tell, 'Pax Britannica in the Steppe: British Policy and the Transjordan Bedouin', in Eugene L. Rogan and Tariq M.M. Tell (eds.), Village, Steppe and State: The Social Origins of Modern Jordan (London, 1994), 108-27; idem, 'Frontière, tribus et Etat(s) en Jordanie orientale a l'époque du mandate', Maghreb-Machrel (1995), 26-47; Michael Richard Fischbach, State, Society and Land in Jordan (Leiden, 2000); Andrew Shryock, Nationalism and the Genealogical Imagination: Oral History and Textual Authority in Tribal Jordan (Berkeley, 1997); Massad, Colonial Effects.
    • (1997) Nationalism and the Genealogical Imagination: Oral History and Textual Authority in Tribal Jordan
    • Shryock, A.1
  • 15
    • 0442316856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Some exceptions are works which have examined aspects of this matter. See Peter Gubser, Politics and Change in Al-Karak, Jordan (London, 1973); Paul A. Jureidini and R.D. McLaurin, Jordan: The Impact of Social Change on the Role of the Tribes (New York, 1984); Norman Lewis, Nomads and Settlers in Syria and Jordan, 1800-1980 (Cambridge, 1987); Abla Mohamed Amawi, 'State and Class in Transjordan: A Study of State Autonomy', Ph.D. thesis, Georgetown University, 1992; Riccardo Bocco and Tariq M.M. Tell, 'Pax Britannica in the Steppe: British Policy and the Transjordan Bedouin', in Eugene L. Rogan and Tariq M.M. Tell (eds.), Village, Steppe and State: The Social Origins of Modern Jordan (London, 1994), 108-27; idem, 'Frontière, tribus et Etat(s) en Jordanie orientale a l'époque du mandate', Maghreb-Machrel (1995), 26-47; Michael Richard Fischbach, State, Society and Land in Jordan (Leiden, 2000); Andrew Shryock, Nationalism and the Genealogical Imagination: Oral History and Textual Authority in Tribal Jordan (Berkeley, 1997); Massad, Colonial Effects.
    • Colonial Effects
    • Massad1
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    • Jerusalem
    • Sulayman Bashir, Judhur al-Wisayat al-Urdunniyya [The Roots of the Jordanian Trusteeship] (Jerusalem, 1980); Yoav Gelber, Jewish-Transjordanian Relations, 1921-1948 (London, 1997); Avi Shlaim, Collusion across the Jordan (Oxford, 1988); Joseph Nevo, King Abdullah and Palestine: A Territorial Ambition (Oxford, 1996); Wilson, King Abdullah.
    • (1980) Judhur Al-wisayat Al-urdunniyya [the Roots of the Jordanian Trusteeship]
    • Bashir, S.1
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    • London
    • Sulayman Bashir, Judhur al-Wisayat al-Urdunniyya [The Roots of the Jordanian Trusteeship] (Jerusalem, 1980); Yoav Gelber, Jewish-Transjordanian Relations, 1921-1948 (London, 1997); Avi Shlaim, Collusion across the Jordan (Oxford, 1988); Joseph Nevo, King Abdullah and Palestine: A Territorial Ambition (Oxford, 1996); Wilson, King Abdullah.
    • (1997) Jewish-transjordanian Relations, 1921-1948
    • Gelber, Y.1
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    • Oxford
    • Sulayman Bashir, Judhur al-Wisayat al-Urdunniyya [The Roots of the Jordanian Trusteeship] (Jerusalem, 1980); Yoav Gelber, Jewish-Transjordanian Relations, 1921-1948 (London, 1997); Avi Shlaim, Collusion across the Jordan (Oxford, 1988); Joseph Nevo, King Abdullah and Palestine: A Territorial Ambition (Oxford, 1996); Wilson, King Abdullah.
    • (1988) Collusion Across the Jordan
    • Shlaim, A.1
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    • Oxford
    • Sulayman Bashir, Judhur al-Wisayat al-Urdunniyya [The Roots of the Jordanian Trusteeship] (Jerusalem, 1980); Yoav Gelber, Jewish-Transjordanian Relations, 1921-1948 (London, 1997); Avi Shlaim, Collusion across the Jordan (Oxford, 1988); Joseph Nevo, King Abdullah and Palestine: A Territorial Ambition (Oxford, 1996); Wilson, King Abdullah.
    • (1996) King Abdullah and Palestine: A Territorial Ambition
    • Nevo, J.1
  • 20
    • 0004348055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sulayman Bashir, Judhur al-Wisayat al-Urdunniyya [The Roots of the Jordanian Trusteeship] (Jerusalem, 1980); Yoav Gelber, Jewish-Transjordanian Relations, 1921-1948 (London, 1997); Avi Shlaim, Collusion across the Jordan (Oxford, 1988); Joseph Nevo, King Abdullah and Palestine: A Territorial Ambition (Oxford, 1996); Wilson, King Abdullah.
    • King Abdullah
    • Wilson1
  • 21
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    • Fischbach, State, Society; Amawi, 'State and Class'; idem 'The Consolidation of the Merchant Class in Transjordan during the Second World War', in Rogan and Tell, Village, 162-86; Vartan Manoug Amadouny, 'The British Role in the Development of an Infrastructure in Transjordan during the Mandate Period, 1921-1946', Ph.D. thesis, University of Southampton, 1993; Bocco and Tell, 'Pax Britannica'.
    • State, Society
    • Fischbach1
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    • Fischbach, State, Society; Amawi, 'State and Class'; idem 'The Consolidation of the Merchant Class in Transjordan during the Second World War', in Rogan and Tell, Village, 162-86; Vartan Manoug Amadouny, 'The British Role in the Development of an Infrastructure in Transjordan during the Mandate Period, 1921-1946', Ph.D. thesis, University of Southampton, 1993; Bocco and Tell, 'Pax Britannica'.
    • State and Class
    • Amawi1
  • 23
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    • The Consolidation of the Merchant Class in Transjordan during the Second World War
    • Rogan and Tell
    • Fischbach, State, Society; Amawi, 'State and Class'; idem 'The Consolidation of the Merchant Class in Transjordan during the Second World War', in Rogan and Tell, Village, 162-86; Vartan Manoug Amadouny, 'The British Role in the Development of an Infrastructure in Transjordan during the Mandate Period, 1921-1946', Ph.D. thesis, University of Southampton, 1993; Bocco and Tell, 'Pax Britannica'.
    • Village , pp. 162-186
    • Amawi1
  • 25
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    • Fischbach, State, Society; Amawi, 'State and Class'; idem 'The Consolidation of the Merchant Class in Transjordan during the Second World War', in Rogan and Tell, Village, 162-86; Vartan Manoug Amadouny, 'The British Role in the Development of an Infrastructure in Transjordan during the Mandate Period, 1921-1946', Ph.D. thesis, University of Southampton, 1993; Bocco and Tell, 'Pax Britannica'.
    • Pax Britannica
    • Bocco1    Tell2
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    • Introduction: Tribes and the Complexities of State Formation in the Middle East
    • idem (eds.) (Los Angeles)
    • Philip S. Khoury and Joseph Kostiner, 'Introduction: Tribes and the Complexities of State Formation in the Middle East', in idem (eds.), Tribes and State Formation in the Middle East (Los Angeles, 1991), 7; Nazih N. Ayubi, Overstating the Arab State: Politics and Society in the Middle East (London, 1995), 244, 51. See also Richard Tapper, Frontier Nomads of Iran: A Political and Social History of the Shahsevan (Cambridge, 1997); Dale F. Eickelman, The Middle East and Central Asia: An Anthropological Approach, 3rd edn. (Upper Saddle River, NJ, 1998).
    • (1991) Tribes and State Formation in the Middle East , pp. 7
    • Khoury, P.S.1    Kostiner, J.2
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    • London
    • Philip S. Khoury and Joseph Kostiner, 'Introduction: Tribes and the Complexities of State Formation in the Middle East', in idem (eds.), Tribes and State Formation in the Middle East (Los Angeles, 1991), 7; Nazih N. Ayubi, Overstating the Arab State: Politics and Society in the Middle East (London, 1995), 244, 51. See also Richard Tapper, Frontier Nomads of Iran: A Political and Social History of the Shahsevan (Cambridge, 1997); Dale F. Eickelman, The Middle East and Central Asia: An Anthropological Approach, 3rd edn. (Upper Saddle River, NJ, 1998).
    • (1995) Overstating the Arab State: Politics and Society in the Middle East , pp. 244
    • Ayubi, N.N.1
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    • 0037785816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cambridge
    • Philip S. Khoury and Joseph Kostiner, 'Introduction: Tribes and the Complexities of State Formation in the Middle East', in idem (eds.), Tribes and State Formation in the Middle East (Los Angeles, 1991), 7; Nazih N. Ayubi, Overstating the Arab State: Politics and Society in the Middle East (London, 1995), 244, 51. See also Richard Tapper, Frontier Nomads of Iran: A Political and Social History of the Shahsevan (Cambridge, 1997); Dale F. Eickelman, The Middle East and Central Asia: An Anthropological Approach, 3rd edn. (Upper Saddle River, NJ, 1998).
    • (1997) Frontier Nomads of Iran: A Political and Social History of the Shahsevan
    • Tapper, R.1
  • 29
    • 0003794319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Upper Saddle River, NJ
    • Philip S. Khoury and Joseph Kostiner, 'Introduction: Tribes and the Complexities of State Formation in the Middle East', in idem (eds.), Tribes and State Formation in the Middle East (Los Angeles, 1991), 7; Nazih N. Ayubi, Overstating the Arab State: Politics and Society in the Middle East (London, 1995), 244, 51. See also Richard Tapper, Frontier Nomads of Iran: A Political and Social History of the Shahsevan (Cambridge, 1997); Dale F. Eickelman, The Middle East and Central Asia: An Anthropological Approach, 3rd edn. (Upper Saddle River, NJ, 1998).
    • (1998) The Middle East and Central Asia: An Anthropological Approach, 3rd Edn.
    • Eickelman, D.F.1
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    • The Limits of the State: Beyond Statist Approaches and their Critics
    • March
    • Timothy Mitchell, 'The Limits of the State: Beyond Statist Approaches and their Critics', American Political Science Review, 85, 1 (March 1991), 77-96; Roger Owen, State, Power and Politics in the Making of the Middle East (London, 1992), 4-5; Sami Zubaida, Islam, the People and the State, 2nd edn. (London, 1993), ch.6. For the subject of their criticism, see Joel S. Migdal, Weak States and Strong Societies: State-Society Relations and State Capabilities in the Third World (Princeton, 1988). It should be noted, however, that Migdal has made a significant contribution to the study of the nature of the Third World state. Of particular relevance to the present article is his recommendation to examine the understudied role played by local strongmen in the development of states in the Third World. Ibid., 28-32, 257.
    • (1991) American Political Science Review , vol.85 , Issue.1 , pp. 77-96
    • Mitchell, T.1
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    • London
    • Timothy Mitchell, 'The Limits of the State: Beyond Statist Approaches and their Critics', American Political Science Review, 85, 1 (March 1991), 77-96; Roger Owen, State, Power and Politics in the Making of the Middle East (London, 1992), 4-5; Sami Zubaida, Islam, the People and the State, 2nd edn. (London, 1993), ch.6. For the subject of their criticism, see Joel S. Migdal, Weak States and Strong Societies: State-Society Relations and State Capabilities in the Third World (Princeton, 1988). It should be noted, however, that Migdal has made a significant contribution to the study of the nature of the Third World state. Of particular relevance to the present article is his recommendation to examine the understudied role played by local strongmen in the development of states in the Third World. Ibid., 28-32, 257.
    • (1992) State, Power and Politics in the Making of the Middle East , pp. 4-5
    • Owen, R.1
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    • 0003440899 scopus 로고
    • London, ch.6
    • Timothy Mitchell, 'The Limits of the State: Beyond Statist Approaches and their Critics', American Political Science Review, 85, 1 (March 1991), 77-96; Roger Owen, State, Power and Politics in the Making of the Middle East (London, 1992), 4-5; Sami Zubaida, Islam, the People and the State, 2nd edn. (London, 1993), ch.6. For the subject of their criticism, see Joel S. Migdal, Weak States and Strong Societies: State-Society Relations and State Capabilities in the Third World (Princeton, 1988). It should be noted, however, that Migdal has made a significant contribution to the study of the nature of the Third World state. Of particular relevance to the present article is his recommendation to examine the understudied role played by local strongmen in the development of states in the Third World. Ibid., 28-32, 257.
    • (1993) Islam, the People and the State, 2nd Edn.
    • Zubaida, S.1
  • 33
    • 0003532542 scopus 로고
    • Princeton
    • Timothy Mitchell, 'The Limits of the State: Beyond Statist Approaches and their Critics', American Political Science Review, 85, 1 (March 1991), 77-96; Roger Owen, State, Power and Politics in the Making of the Middle East (London, 1992), 4-5; Sami Zubaida, Islam, the People and the State, 2nd edn. (London, 1993), ch.6. For the subject of their criticism, see Joel S. Migdal, Weak States and Strong Societies: State-Society Relations and State Capabilities in the Third World (Princeton, 1988). It should be noted, however, that Migdal has made a significant contribution to the study of the nature of the Third World state. Of particular relevance to the present article is his recommendation to examine the understudied role played by local strongmen in the development of states in the Third World. Ibid., 28-32, 257.
    • (1988) Weak States and Strong Societies: State-society Relations and State Capabilities in the Third World
    • Migdal, J.S.1
  • 34
    • 0442301327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Timothy Mitchell, 'The Limits of the State: Beyond Statist Approaches and their Critics', American Political Science Review, 85, 1 (March 1991), 77-96; Roger Owen, State, Power and Politics in the Making of the Middle East (London, 1992), 4-5; Sami Zubaida, Islam, the People and the State, 2nd edn. (London, 1993), ch.6. For the subject of their criticism, see Joel S. Migdal, Weak States and Strong Societies: State-Society Relations and State Capabilities in the Third World (Princeton, 1988). It should be noted, however, that Migdal has made a significant contribution to the study of the nature of the Third World state. Of particular relevance to the present article is his recommendation to examine the understudied role played by local strongmen in the development of states in the Third World. Ibid., 28-32, 257.
    • Weak States and Strong Societies: State-society Relations and State Capabilities in the Third World , pp. 28-32
  • 35
    • 0003204181 scopus 로고
    • Introduction
    • idem (ed.) (London)
    • Richard Tapper 'Introduction', in idem (ed.), The Conflict of Tribe and State in Iran and Afghanistan (London, 1983), 60, cited in Khoury and Kostiner, 'Introduction', 9; Paul Dresch, Tribes, Government and History in Yemen (Oxford, 1989), 231-32, 373; Ayubi, Overstating the Arab State, 54.
    • (1983) The Conflict of Tribe and State in Iran and Afghanistan , pp. 60
    • Tapper, R.1
  • 36
    • 0442301326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Richard Tapper 'Introduction', in idem (ed.), The Conflict of Tribe and State in Iran and Afghanistan (London, 1983), 60, cited in Khoury and Kostiner, 'Introduction', 9; Paul Dresch, Tribes, Government and History in Yemen (Oxford, 1989), 231-32, 373; Ayubi, Overstating the Arab State, 54.
    • Introduction , pp. 9
    • Khoury1    Kostiner2
  • 37
    • 0004150192 scopus 로고
    • Oxford
    • Richard Tapper 'Introduction', in idem (ed.), The Conflict of Tribe and State in Iran and Afghanistan (London, 1983), 60, cited in Khoury and Kostiner, 'Introduction', 9; Paul Dresch, Tribes, Government and History in Yemen (Oxford, 1989), 231-32, 373; Ayubi, Overstating the Arab State, 54.
    • (1989) Tribes, Government and History in Yemen , pp. 231-232
    • Dresch, P.1
  • 38
    • 0003818491 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Richard Tapper 'Introduction', in idem (ed.), The Conflict of Tribe and State in Iran and Afghanistan (London, 1983), 60, cited in Khoury and Kostiner, 'Introduction', 9; Paul Dresch, Tribes, Government and History in Yemen (Oxford, 1989), 231-32, 373; Ayubi, Overstating the Arab State, 54.
    • Overstating the Arab State , pp. 54
    • Ayubi1
  • 39
    • 0442269805 scopus 로고
    • Cambridge
    • For a good example of how this system works, see William Lancaster, The Rwalla Today (Cambridge, 1981), 82-3, 119; Steven C. Caton, 'Anthropological Theories of Tribe and State Formation in the Middle East: Ideology and the Semiotics of Power', in Khoury and Kostiner, Tribes and State Formation, 102.
    • (1981) The Rwalla Today , pp. 82-83
    • Lancaster, W.1
  • 40
    • 33749493768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anthropological Theories of Tribe and State Formation in the Middle East: Ideology and the Semiotics of Power
    • Khoury and Kostiner
    • For a good example of how this system works, see William Lancaster, The Rwalla Today (Cambridge, 1981), 82-3, 119; Steven C. Caton, 'Anthropological Theories of Tribe and State Formation in the Middle East: Ideology and the Semiotics of Power', in Khoury and Kostiner, Tribes and State Formation, 102.
    • Tribes and State Formation , pp. 102
    • Caton, S.C.1
  • 42
    • 0442301391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ayubi, Overstating the Arab State, 128; Lancaster, Rwalla Today, 89.
    • Rwalla Today , pp. 89
    • Lancaster1
  • 44
    • 0004348055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wilson, King Abdullah, 43-53, 65-71; Dann, Studies, 37-44; Aaron S. Klieman, Foundations of British Policy in the Arab World: The Cairo Conference of 1921 (Baltimore and London, 1970), 105-38.
    • King Abdullah , pp. 43-53
    • Wilson1
  • 45
    • 84926158345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wilson, King Abdullah, 43-53, 65-71; Dann, Studies, 37-44; Aaron S. Klieman, Foundations of British Policy in the Arab World: The Cairo Conference of 1921 (Baltimore and London, 1970), 105-38.
    • Studies , pp. 37-44
    • Dann1
  • 47
    • 0004348055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wilson, King Abdullah, 82; Minute by H. Young on Milner's letter to Churchill, 3 Sept. 1922, CO 733/30, The National Archives (formerly Public Record Office), London, cited in ibid., 71.
    • King Abdullah , pp. 82
    • Wilson1
  • 48
    • 0442285421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • H. Young on Milner's letter to Churchill, 3 Sept. 1922, CO 733/30, The National Archives (formerly Public Record Office), London
    • Wilson, King Abdullah, 82; Minute by H. Young on Milner's letter to Churchill, 3 Sept. 1922, CO 733/30, The National Archives (formerly Public Record Office), London, cited in ibid., 71.
  • 49
    • 0442301335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wilson, King Abdullah, 82; Minute by H. Young on Milner's letter to Churchill, 3 Sept. 1922, CO 733/30, The National Archives (formerly Public Record Office), London, cited in ibid., 71.
    • King Abdullah , pp. 71
  • 51
    • 0442301336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wilson, King Abdullah, 60-65; Dann, Studies, 3, 84.
    • Studies , vol.3 , pp. 84
    • Dann1
  • 52
    • 0442285420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amawi, 'State and Class', 145-47, 203-07; Yoav Alon, 'State, Tribe, and Mandate in Transjordan, 1918-1946', D.Phil, thesis, Oxford University, 2000.
    • State and Class , pp. 145-147
    • Amawi1
  • 54
    • 0442284470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Harakat al-Balqa' - Aylul 1923
    • 4, 5, 6 Oct.
    • Sulayman Musa, 'Harakat al-Balqa' - Aylul 1923' [The Balqa' Movement - Sept. 1923], Al-Ra'y (Amman), 4, 5, 6 Oct. 1997.
    • (1997) Al-ra'y (Amman)
    • Musa, S.1
  • 56
    • 84926158345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wilson, King Abdullah, 75-84; Dann, Studies, 85-90.
    • Studies , pp. 85-90
    • Dann1
  • 57
  • 58
    • 84926158345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wilson, King Abdullah, 85, 91; Dann, Studies, 7.
    • Studies , pp. 7
    • Dann1
  • 60
    • 84926158345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dann, Studies, 9; Wilson, King Abdullah, 86-87; Vatikiotis, Politics and the Military, 64-71.
    • Studies , pp. 9
    • Dann1
  • 61
    • 0004348055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dann, Studies, 9; Wilson, King Abdullah, 86-87; Vatikiotis, Politics and the Military, 64-71.
    • King Abdullah , pp. 86-87
    • Wilson1
  • 63
    • 0442301329 scopus 로고
    • CO 733/91
    • Report on Trans-Jordan, 1 Jan.-25 Feb. 1925, CO 733/91; Report on Trans-Jordan, 1-31 July 1925, CO 733/96; Situation Report [for the last quarter of 1927], CO 831/1/2; Gubser, Politics and Change, 21.
    • (1925) Report on Trans-Jordan, 1 Jan.-25 Feb. 1925
  • 64
    • 0442285466 scopus 로고
    • CO 733/96
    • Report on Trans-Jordan, 1 Jan.-25 Feb. 1925, CO 733/91; Report on Trans-Jordan, 1-31 July 1925, CO 733/96; Situation Report [for the last quarter of 1927], CO 831/1/2; Gubser, Politics and Change, 21.
    • (1925) Report on Trans-Jordan, 1-31 July 1925
  • 65
    • 0442269758 scopus 로고
    • CO 831/1/2
    • Report on Trans-Jordan, 1 Jan.-25 Feb. 1925, CO 733/91; Report on Trans-Jordan, 1-31 July 1925, CO 733/96; Situation Report [for the last quarter of 1927], CO 831/1/2; Gubser, Politics and Change, 21.
    • (1927) Situation Report [for the Last Quarter of 1927]
  • 66
    • 0442285462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Report on Trans-Jordan, 1 Jan.-25 Feb. 1925, CO 733/91; Report on Trans-Jordan, 1-31 July 1925, CO 733/96; Situation Report [for the last quarter of 1927], CO 831/1/2; Gubser, Politics and Change, 21.
    • Politics and Change , pp. 21
    • Gubser1
  • 67
    • 84862035070 scopus 로고
    • 20 Oct., 3 Nov. 1924, 1 March 1926, 15 Dec.
    • cudiyya, 1925-1951 [The Hashemite Documents, the Papers of Abdullah bin al-Husayn: Jordanian-Saudi Relations, 1925-1951] (Amman, 1997) vol.10, part 2, 99-101; Peake, Situation report, 17 Nov. 1929, CO 831/5/9.
    • (1924) cArabi [the Arab East]
  • 69
    • 0442301355 scopus 로고
    • 17 Nov., CO 831/5/9
    • cudiyya, 1925-1951 [The Hashemite Documents, the Papers of Abdullah bin al-Husayn: Jordanian-Saudi Relations, 1925-1951] (Amman, 1997) vol.10, part 2, 99-101; Peake, Situation report, 17 Nov. 1929, CO 831/5/9.
    • (1929) Situation Report
    • Peake1
  • 70
    • 0442269763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • For more on this point see Amadouny, 'British Role'; idem, 'Infrastructure Development under the British Mandate', in Rogan and Tell, Village, 128-61; Hamarneh, 'Social and Economic Transformation'.
    • British Role
    • Amadouny1
  • 71
    • 0346043708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infrastructure Development under the British Mandate
    • Rogan and Tell
    • For more on this point see Amadouny, 'British Role'; idem, 'Infrastructure Development under the British Mandate', in Rogan and Tell, Village, 128-61; Hamarneh, 'Social and Economic Transformation'.
    • Village , pp. 128-161
    • Amadouny1
  • 72
    • 0442315892 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • For more on this point see Amadouny, 'British Role'; idem, 'Infrastructure Development under the British Mandate', in Rogan and Tell, Village, 128-61; Hamarneh, 'Social and Economic Transformation'.
    • Social and Economic Transformation
    • Hamarneh1
  • 73
    • 0442316909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bashir, Judhur, 18-19; Lewis, Nomads and Settlers, 134-35; Bocco and Tell, 'Pax Britannica', 120-22; Amawi, 'State and Class', 362-66; John Glubb, A monthly report on events in the deserts of Transjordan, Glubb's papers, St Antony's College, Oxford (hereafter, Glubb's report). This information was gathered from several reports during the period 1932-36.
    • Judhur , pp. 18-19
    • Bashir1
  • 74
    • 0442316912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bashir, Judhur, 18-19; Lewis, Nomads and Settlers, 134-35; Bocco and Tell, 'Pax Britannica', 120-22; Amawi, 'State and Class', 362-66; John Glubb, A monthly report on events in the deserts of Transjordan, Glubb's papers, St Antony's College, Oxford (hereafter, Glubb's report). This information was gathered from several reports during the period 1932-36.
    • Nomads and Settlers , pp. 134-135
    • Lewis1
  • 75
    • 0442301325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bashir, Judhur, 18-19; Lewis, Nomads and Settlers, 134-35; Bocco and Tell, 'Pax Britannica', 120-22; Amawi, 'State and Class', 362-66; John Glubb, A monthly report on events in the deserts of Transjordan, Glubb's papers, St Antony's College, Oxford (hereafter, Glubb's report). This information was gathered from several reports during the period 1932-36.
    • Pax Britannica , pp. 120-122
    • Bocco1    Tell2
  • 76
    • 0442285420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bashir, Judhur, 18-19; Lewis, Nomads and Settlers, 134-35; Bocco and Tell, 'Pax Britannica', 120-22; Amawi, 'State and Class', 362-66; John Glubb, A monthly report on events in the deserts of Transjordan, Glubb's papers, St Antony's College, Oxford (hereafter, Glubb's report). This information was gathered from several reports during the period 1932-36.
    • State and Class , pp. 362-366
    • Amawi1
  • 77
    • 0442301390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A monthly report on events in the deserts of Transjordan
    • St Antony's College, Oxford (hereafter, Glubb's report)
    • Bashir, Judhur, 18-19; Lewis, Nomads and Settlers, 134-35; Bocco and Tell, 'Pax Britannica', 120-22; Amawi, 'State and Class', 362-66; John Glubb, A monthly report on events in the deserts of Transjordan, Glubb's papers, St Antony's College, Oxford (hereafter, Glubb's report). This information was gathered from several reports during the period 1932-36.
    • Glubb's Papers
    • Glubb, J.1
  • 78
    • 0442301325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bocco and Tell, 'Pax Britannica', 122-24; Amawi, 'State and Class', 365-70; Alon, 'State, Tribe, and Mandate', ch.4; for an analysis which (over-)emphasises the oppressive aspects of Glubb's activity, see Massad, Colonial Effects, ch.3.
    • Pax Britannica , pp. 122-124
    • Bocco1    Tell2
  • 79
    • 0442285420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bocco and Tell, 'Pax Britannica', 122-24; Amawi, 'State and Class', 365-70; Alon, 'State, Tribe, and Mandate', ch.4; for an analysis which (over-)emphasises the oppressive aspects of Glubb's activity, see Massad, Colonial Effects, ch.3.
    • State and Class , pp. 365-370
    • Amawi1
  • 80
    • 0442285465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ch.4
    • Bocco and Tell, 'Pax Britannica', 122-24; Amawi, 'State and Class', 365-70; Alon, 'State, Tribe, and Mandate', ch.4; for an analysis which (over-)emphasises the oppressive aspects of Glubb's activity, see Massad, Colonial Effects, ch.3.
    • State, Tribe, and Mandate
    • Alon1
  • 81
    • 0442316856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ch.3
    • Bocco and Tell, 'Pax Britannica', 122-24; Amawi, 'State and Class', 365-70; Alon, 'State, Tribe, and Mandate', ch.4; for an analysis which (over-)emphasises the oppressive aspects of Glubb's activity, see Massad, Colonial Effects, ch.3.
    • Colonial Effects
    • Massad1
  • 82
    • 0442316872 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parkinson to Wauchope, 28 Feb. 1933, CO 831/34/6; Cox to Wauchope, 7 April, extracts from notes of discussion between the Secretary of State and the High Commissioner, 22 April, Wauchope to Cunliffe-Lister, 19 Aug.; Cunliffe-Lister to Wauchope, 19 Oct. 1933, CO 831/24/6; Amadouny, 'Infrastructure', 135-39.
    • Infrastructure , pp. 135-139
    • Amadouny1
  • 84
    • 0442316869 scopus 로고
    • CO 831/58/3
    • c Qarn, 1921-1946 [The Emirate of Transjordan: Its Growth and Development in a Quarter of a Century, 1921-1946] (Amman, 1990), 348; Vatikiotis, Politics and the Military, 44-45.
    • (1942) Political Report July 1942
  • 85
    • 0442269759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High Commissioner to Secretary of State, 1 Aug. 1942, CO 831/59/4
    • c Qarn, 1921-1946 [The Emirate of Transjordan: Its Growth and Development in a Quarter of a Century, 1921-1946] (Amman, 1990), 348; Vatikiotis, Politics and the Military, 44-45.
  • 87
    • 0442301330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • c Qarn, 1921-1946 [The Emirate of Transjordan: Its Growth and Development in a Quarter of a Century, 1921-1946] (Amman, 1990), 348; Vatikiotis, Politics and the Military, 44-45.
    • Politics and the Military , pp. 44-45
    • Vatikiotis1
  • 88
    • 0442285468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the land programme, see Fischbach, State, Society. On the development of infrastructure, see Amadouny, 'British Role'; Amawi, 'State and Class'.
    • State, Society
    • Fischbach1
  • 89
    • 0442269763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the land programme, see Fischbach, State, Society. On the development of infrastructure, see Amadouny, 'British Role'; Amawi, 'State and Class'.
    • British Role
    • Amadouny1
  • 90
    • 0442285420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the land programme, see Fischbach, State, Society. On the development of infrastructure, see Amadouny, 'British Role'; Amawi, 'State and Class'.
    • State and Class
    • Amawi1
  • 91
    • 0442301343 scopus 로고
    • June, CO 831/37/3
    • Testimony of Shaykh Haditha al-Khuraysha, representative of the Bani Sakhr, minutes of the Legislative Council [hereafter LC], 28 Dec. 1931; Glubb's report, June 1936, CO 831/37/3. On the consolidation of state power, see Amawi, 'State and Class', 308-14.
    • (1936) Glubb's Report
  • 92
    • 0442285420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testimony of Shaykh Haditha al-Khuraysha, representative of the Bani Sakhr, minutes of the Legislative Council [hereafter LC], 28 Dec. 1931; Glubb's report, June 1936, CO 831/37/3. On the consolidation of state power, see Amawi, 'State and Class', 308-14.
    • State and Class , pp. 308-314
    • Amawi1
  • 94
    • 84862041643 scopus 로고
    • 4 Aug.
    • cArabi, 4 Aug. 1924.
    • (1924) cArabi
  • 95
    • 0442316873 scopus 로고
    • 14 Dec., CO 733/99
    • cArabi, 29 Sept. 1924, 20 April 1925, 25 May 1925, 1 Sept. 1925; Musa, Imarat, 185.
    • (1925) Plumer to Amery
  • 96
    • 0442285435 scopus 로고
    • 26 June, CO 831/3/5
    • cArabi, 29 Sept. 1924, 20 April 1925, 25 May 1925, 1 Sept. 1925; Musa, Imarat, 185.
    • (1928) Plumer to Amery
  • 97
    • 84862041643 scopus 로고
    • 29 Sept., 20 April, 25 May 1925, 1 Sept. 1925
    • cArabi, 29 Sept. 1924, 20 April 1925, 25 May 1925, 1 Sept. 1925; Musa, Imarat, 185.
    • (1924) cArabi
  • 98
    • 84941653130 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • cArabi, 29 Sept. 1924, 20 April 1925, 25 May 1925, 1 Sept. 1925; Musa, Imarat, 185.
    • Imarat , pp. 185
    • Musa1
  • 99
    • 84862028986 scopus 로고
    • 7 Sept.
    • can] to HQ-Amman, 7 Sept. 1926, reproduced in al-Bakhit, AlWatha'iq, part 2, 99-101; LC, 27 Aug. 1931.
    • (1926) can] to HQ-Amman
  • 100
    • 0442269766 scopus 로고
    • LC, 27 Aug.
    • can] to HQ-Amman, 7 Sept. 1926, reproduced in al-Bakhit, AlWatha'iq, part 2, 99-101; LC, 27 Aug. 1931.
    • (1931) AlWatha'iq , Issue.PART 2 , pp. 99-101
    • Al-Bakhit1
  • 101
    • 84862032829 scopus 로고
    • 1 Aug.
    • cArabi, 1 Aug. 1928.
    • (1928) cArabi
  • 103
    • 0442301374 scopus 로고
    • 10 Aug., S25/6313, Central Zionist Archives (CZA)
    • A.H. Cohen, Report from the visit to Amman, 10 Aug. 1932, S25/6313, Central Zionist Archives (CZA); OG, 16 Oct. 1932, 1 May 1933; LC, 27 April 1933, 2 May 1933; Report on the political situation for the months of Dec. 1932 and Aug. 1933, CO 831/23/11; "Adwani oral history, courtesy of Andrew Shryock.
    • (1932) Report from the Visit to Amman
    • Cohen, A.H.1
  • 104
    • 0442316918 scopus 로고
    • 16 Oct. 1 May
    • A.H. Cohen, Report from the visit to Amman, 10 Aug. 1932, S25/6313, Central Zionist Archives (CZA); OG, 16 Oct. 1932, 1 May 1933; LC, 27 April 1933, 2 May 1933; Report on the political situation for the months of Dec. 1932 and Aug. 1933, CO 831/23/11; "Adwani oral history, courtesy of Andrew Shryock.
    • (1932) OG
  • 105
    • 0442285470 scopus 로고
    • 27 April, 2 May 1933
    • A.H. Cohen, Report from the visit to Amman, 10 Aug. 1932, S25/6313, Central Zionist Archives (CZA); OG, 16 Oct. 1932, 1 May 1933; LC, 27 April 1933, 2 May 1933; Report on the political situation for the months of Dec. 1932 and Aug. 1933, CO 831/23/11; "Adwani oral history, courtesy of Andrew Shryock.
    • (1933) LC
  • 106
    • 0442316882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CO 831/23/11
    • A.H. Cohen, Report from the visit to Amman, 10 Aug. 1932, S25/6313, Central Zionist Archives (CZA); OG, 16 Oct. 1932, 1 May 1933; LC, 27 April 1933, 2 May 1933; Report on the political situation for the months of Dec. 1932 and Aug. 1933, CO 831/23/11; "Adwani oral history, courtesy of Andrew Shryock
    • Report on the Political Situation for the Months of Dec. 1932 and Aug. 1933
  • 107
    • 0442316875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A.H. Cohen, Report from the visit to Amman, 10 Aug. 1932, S25/6313, Central Zionist Archives (CZA); OG, 16 Oct. 1932, 1 May 1933; LC, 27 April 1933, 2 May 1933; Report on the political situation for the months of Dec. 1932 and Aug. 1933, CO 831/23/11; "Adwani oral history, courtesy of Andrew Shryock
    • Adwani Oral History, Courtesy of Andrew Shryock
  • 108
    • 0442285464 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CO 831/58/2
    • Political situation for Sept. 1941, CO 831/58/2; Kirkbride to MacMichael, 9 Sept. 1941, CO 831/58/2; Avira, The affair of the negotiations to purchase a tractor in Trans-Jordan, 4 Oct. 1941, S25/3504; Dov, At Mithqal's house, 9 Oct. 1941, S25/8005, CZA.
    • Political Situation for Sept. 1941
  • 109
    • 0442269802 scopus 로고
    • 9 Sept., CO 831/58/2
    • Political situation for Sept. 1941, CO 831/58/2; Kirkbride to MacMichael, 9 Sept. 1941, CO 831/58/2; Avira, The affair of the negotiations to purchase a tractor in Trans-Jordan, 4 Oct. 1941, S25/3504; Dov, At Mithqal's house, 9 Oct. 1941, S25/8005, CZA.
    • (1941) Kirkbride to MacMichael
  • 111
    • 0442316876 scopus 로고
    • 9 Oct., S25/8005, CZA
    • Political situation for Sept. 1941, CO 831/58/2; Kirkbride to MacMichael, 9 Sept. 1941, CO 831/58/2; Avira, The affair of the negotiations to purchase a tractor in Trans-Jordan, 4 Oct. 1941, S25/3504; Dov, At Mithqal's house, 9 Oct. 1941, S25/8005, CZA.
    • (1941) At Mithqal's House
    • Dov1
  • 112
    • 0442301350 scopus 로고
    • Nov., June, Aug. and Sept.
    • Glubb's reports, Nov. 1938, June, Aug. and Sept. 1939; Political reports, July and Nov. 1938, CO 831/46/6; Situation report, Aug. 1939, CO 831/51/8; Political situation, June and July 1943, CO 831/60/2; John Glubb, The Story of the Arab Legion (London, 1948), 170-71.
    • (1938) Glubb's Reports
  • 113
    • 0442285469 scopus 로고
    • July and Nov., CO 831/46/6
    • Glubb's reports, Nov. 1938, June, Aug. and Sept. 1939; Political reports, July and Nov. 1938, CO 831/46/6; Situation report, Aug. 1939, CO 831/51/8; Political situation, June and July 1943, CO 831/60/2; John Glubb, The Story of the Arab Legion (London, 1948), 170-71.
    • (1938) Political Reports
  • 114
    • 0442316877 scopus 로고
    • Aug., CO 831/51/8
    • Glubb's reports, Nov. 1938, June, Aug. and Sept. 1939; Political reports, July and Nov. 1938, CO 831/46/6; Situation report, Aug. 1939, CO 831/51/8; Political situation, June and July 1943, CO 831/60/2; John Glubb, The Story of the Arab Legion (London, 1948), 170-71.
    • (1939) Situation Report
  • 115
    • 0442316879 scopus 로고
    • June and July, CO 831/60/2
    • Glubb's reports, Nov. 1938, June, Aug. and Sept. 1939; Political reports, July and Nov. 1938, CO 831/46/6; Situation report, Aug. 1939, CO 831/51/8; Political situation, June and July 1943, CO 831/60/2; John Glubb, The Story of the Arab Legion (London, 1948), 170-71.
    • (1943) Political Situation
  • 116
    • 0442316880 scopus 로고
    • London
    • Glubb's reports, Nov. 1938, June, Aug. and Sept. 1939; Political reports, July and Nov. 1938, CO 831/46/6; Situation report, Aug. 1939, CO 831/51/8; Political situation, June and July 1943, CO 831/60/2; John Glubb, The Story of the Arab Legion (London, 1948), 170-71.
    • (1948) The Story of the Arab Legion , pp. 170-171
    • Glubb, J.1
  • 117
    • 0442301350 scopus 로고
    • Dec.
    • Glubb's report, Dec. 1938; Glubb, Arab Legion, 170-71.
    • (1938) Glubb's Report
  • 118
    • 0442315801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glubb's report, Dec. 1938; Glubb, Arab Legion, 170-71.
    • Arab Legion , pp. 170-171
    • Glubb1
  • 119
    • 0442285469 scopus 로고
    • July, CO 831/46/6
    • Political report, July 1938, CO 831/46/6.
    • (1938) Political Report
  • 120
    • 0442285420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amawi, 'State and Class', 327-28; Plumer to Amery, 18 May 1926, and Situation report for period ending 31 May 1926, CO 733/114.
    • State and Class , pp. 327-328
    • Amawi1
  • 121
    • 0442301338 scopus 로고
    • 18 May, and Situation report for period ending 31 May 1926, CO 733/114
    • Amawi, 'State and Class', 327-28; Plumer to Amery, 18 May 1926, and Situation report for period ending 31 May 1926, CO 733/114.
    • (1926) Plumer to Amery
  • 122
    • 0004348055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wilson, King Abdullah, 108; Situation report, 1 July-30 Sept. 1929, CO 831/5/9.
    • King Abdullah , pp. 108
    • Wilson1
  • 123
    • 0442301355 scopus 로고
    • 1 July-30 Sept., CO 831/5/9
    • Wilson, King Abdullah, 108; Situation report, 1 July-30 Sept. 1929, CO 831/5/9.
    • (1929) Situation Report
  • 124
    • 0442269792 scopus 로고
    • 23 May, CO 831/3/1
    • Cox to Plumer, 23 May 1928, CO 831/3/1; Robins, 'Consolidation', 205.
    • (1928) Cox to Plumer
  • 125
    • 0442301371 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cox to Plumer, 23 May 1928, CO 831/3/1; Robins, 'Consolidation', 205.
    • Consolidation , pp. 205
    • Robins1
  • 127
    • 0442285467 scopus 로고
    • 25 June, S25/22779
    • Wauchope to Ormsby-Gore, 25 June 1936, S25/22779. For similar situations, see Situation report for May 1941 and Kirkbride to MacMichael, 9 Sept. 1941, CO 831/58/2; Glubb, A Report on Operations by the Arab Legion in Syria, 4 Oct. 1941, Glubb's papers.
    • (1936) Wauchope to Ormsby-Gore
  • 128
    • 0442285448 scopus 로고
    • 9 Sept., CO 831/58/2
    • Wauchope to Ormsby-Gore, 25 June 1936, S25/22779. For similar situations, see Situation report for May 1941 and Kirkbride to MacMichael, 9 Sept. 1941, CO 831/58/2; Glubb, A Report on Operations by the Arab Legion in Syria, 4 Oct. 1941, Glubb's papers.
    • (1941) Situation Report for May 1941 and Kirkbride to MacMichael
  • 129
    • 0442285457 scopus 로고
    • 4 Oct., Glubb's papers
    • Wauchope to Ormsby-Gore, 25 June 1936, S25/22779. For similar situations, see Situation report for May 1941 and Kirkbride to MacMichael, 9 Sept. 1941, CO 831/58/2; Glubb, A Report on Operations by the Arab Legion in Syria, 4 Oct. 1941, Glubb's papers.
    • (1941) A Report on Operations by the Arab Legion in Syria
    • Glubb1
  • 130
    • 0003820162 scopus 로고
    • CO 831/2/2
    • Department of Health, Annual Report, 1927, CO 831/2/2.
    • (1927) Annual Report
  • 131
    • 84862042361 scopus 로고
    • 1 March, 15 Feb. 1926
    • cArabi, 1 March 1926, 15 Feb. 1926.
    • (1926) cArabi
  • 132
    • 84862032829 scopus 로고
    • 15 Feb.
    • Ibid., 15 Feb. 1928; Fredrick G. Peake, A History of Jordan and its Tribes (Coral Gables, FL, 1958), 109.
    • (1928) cArabi
  • 134
    • 84862032829 scopus 로고
    • 1 March, 15 Aug. 1928, 15 Sept. 1928
    • cArabi, 1 March 1928, 15 Aug. 1928, 15 Sept. 1928.
    • (1928) cArabi
  • 136
    • 84862042361 scopus 로고
    • 15 June, 15 Dec. 1927, 15 Feb.
    • cArabi, 15 June 1926, 15 Dec. 1927, 15 Feb. 1928; OG, 28 Jan. 1929, 16 Jan. 1932, 17 Aug. 1940; Acting High Commissioner to Cunliffe-Lister, 10 March 1933, CO 831/22/11.
    • (1926) cArabi
  • 137
    • 0442285461 scopus 로고
    • 28 Jan., 16 Jan. 1932, 17 Aug.
    • cArabi, 15 June 1926, 15 Dec. 1927, 15 Feb. 1928; OG, 28 Jan. 1929, 16 Jan. 1932, 17 Aug. 1940; Acting High Commissioner to Cunliffe-Lister, 10 March 1933, CO 831/22/11.
    • (1929) OG
  • 138
    • 0442285460 scopus 로고
    • 10 March, CO 831/22/11
    • cArabi, 15 June 1926, 15 Dec. 1927, 15 Feb. 1928; OG, 28 Jan. 1929, 16 Jan. 1932, 17 Aug. 1940; Acting High Commissioner to Cunliffe-Lister, 10 March 1933, CO 831/22/11.
    • (1933) Acting High Commissioner to Cunliffe-Lister
  • 139
    • 0442301375 scopus 로고
    • July, Sept.
    • Glubb's reports, July 1934, Sept. 1939.
    • (1934) Glubb's Reports
  • 140
    • 0442301354 scopus 로고
    • 8 Dec.
    • OG, 8 Dec. 1934.
    • (1934) OG
  • 144
    • 0442285446 scopus 로고
    • 24 March 1931, 27 March
    • LC, 24 March 1931, 27 March 1931; Amawi, 'State and Class', 250-52, 272-73.
    • (1931) LC
  • 145
    • 0442285420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • LC, 24 March 1931, 27 March 1931; Amawi, 'State and Class', 250-52, 272-73.
    • State and Class , pp. 250-252
    • Amawi1
  • 146
    • 0442316904 scopus 로고
    • 19 Nov.
    • LC, 19 Nov. 1930.
    • (1930) LC
  • 147
    • 0442285447 scopus 로고
    • 27 Aug
    • Ibid., 27 Aug 1931, and a similar case in ibid., 28 Dec. 1931.
    • (1931) LC
  • 148
    • 0442269771 scopus 로고
    • 28 Dec.
    • Ibid., 27 Aug 1931, and a similar case in ibid., 28 Dec. 1931.
    • (1931) A Similar Case in LC
  • 149
    • 0442269798 scopus 로고
    • 26 Feb.
    • Ibid., 26 Feb. 1936; Al-Dustur (Amman), 6 May 1987.
    • (1936) LC
  • 150
    • 0442269801 scopus 로고
    • 6 May
    • Ibid., 26 Feb. 1936; Al-Dustur (Amman), 6 May 1987.
    • (1987) Al-dustur (Amman)
  • 152
    • 0442316911 scopus 로고
    • 18 Jan.
    • For example, LC, 18 Jan. 1931; Amawi, 'State and Class', 272-73.
    • (1931) LC
  • 153
    • 0442285420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • For example, LC, 18 Jan. 1931; Amawi, 'State and Class', 272-73.
    • State and Class , pp. 272-273
    • Amawi1
  • 156
    • 0442316909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A good example is the co-operation between Abdullah and tribal shaykhs to defeat a proposal suggested by a member of the Arab nationalist Istiqlal party to prohibit Jewish land purchase. Bashir, Judhur, 77; Cohen, Report from the visit to Amman, 10 March 1933, S25/6313; Cohen, From the activities of the Arab Bureau, 18 Jan. 1937, S25/3642; Cohen, Report from my visit to Trans-Jordan, 24 Dec. 1933, S25/10122; a similar case is the land reform law, see above. For a different interpretation which understates the ability of the Council to check the government's power, see Amawi, 'State and Class', 250-73.
    • Judhur , pp. 77
    • Bashir1
  • 157
    • 0442301374 scopus 로고
    • 10 March, S25/6313
    • A good example is the co-operation between Abdullah and tribal shaykhs to defeat a proposal suggested by a member of the Arab nationalist Istiqlal party to prohibit Jewish land purchase. Bashir, Judhur, 77; Cohen, Report from the visit to Amman, 10 March 1933, S25/6313; Cohen, From the activities of the Arab Bureau, 18 Jan. 1937, S25/3642; Cohen, Report from my visit to Trans-Jordan, 24 Dec. 1933, S25/10122; a similar case is the land reform law, see above. For a different interpretation which understates the ability of the Council to check the government's power, see Amawi, 'State and Class', 250-73.
    • (1933) Report from the Visit to Amman
    • Cohen1
  • 158
    • 0442316910 scopus 로고
    • 18 Jan., S25/3642
    • A good example is the co-operation between Abdullah and tribal shaykhs to defeat a proposal suggested by a member of the Arab nationalist Istiqlal party to prohibit Jewish land purchase. Bashir, Judhur, 77; Cohen, Report from the visit to Amman, 10 March 1933, S25/6313; Cohen, From the activities of the Arab Bureau, 18 Jan. 1937, S25/3642; Cohen, Report from my visit to Trans-Jordan, 24 Dec. 1933, S25/10122; a similar case is the land reform law, see above. For a different interpretation which understates the ability of the Council to check the government's power, see Amawi, 'State and Class', 250-73.
    • (1937) From the Activities of the Arab Bureau
    • Cohen1
  • 159
    • 0442316905 scopus 로고
    • 24 Dec., S25/10122
    • A good example is the co-operation between Abdullah and tribal shaykhs to defeat a proposal suggested by a member of the Arab nationalist Istiqlal party to prohibit Jewish land purchase. Bashir, Judhur, 77; Cohen, Report from the visit to Amman, 10 March 1933, S25/6313; Cohen, From the activities of the Arab Bureau, 18 Jan. 1937, S25/3642; Cohen, Report from my visit to Trans-Jordan, 24 Dec. 1933, S25/10122; a similar case is the land reform law, see above. For a different interpretation which understates the ability of the Council to check the government's power, see Amawi, 'State and Class', 250-73.
    • (1933) Report from My Visit to Trans-Jordan
    • Cohen1
  • 160
    • 0442285420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A good example is the co-operation between Abdullah and tribal shaykhs to defeat a proposal suggested by a member of the Arab nationalist Istiqlal party to prohibit Jewish land purchase. Bashir, Judhur, 77; Cohen, Report from the visit to Amman, 10 March 1933, S25/6313; Cohen, From the activities of the Arab Bureau, 18 Jan. 1937, S25/3642; Cohen, Report from my visit to Trans-Jordan, 24 Dec. 1933, S25/10122; a similar case is the land reform law, see above. For a different interpretation which understates the ability of the Council to check the government's power, see Amawi, 'State and Class', 250-73.
    • State and Class , pp. 250-273
    • Amawi1


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