Blowing the whistle on less serious forms of fraud: A study of executives and managers

Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal

Volumn 12, Issue 4, 2000, Pages 199-217

  Keenan, John P ^a  

^a MEDAILLE COLLEGE   (United States)

Author keywords

Executives and managers; Less serious fraud; Management ethics; Whistleblowing

Indexed keywords

EID: 0348243375     PISSN: 08927545     EISSN: 15733378     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1023/A:1013015926299     Document Type: Article

References (64)

1. Alford, C. F. (1999). Whistle-blowers: How much we can learn from them depends on how much we can give up. The American Behavioral Scientist, 43(2), 264-277.
2. Beattie, B. (2000). Whistle blowing. New Zealand Management, 47(4), 60.
3. Brabeck, M. M. (1984). Ethical characteristics of whistle-blowers. Journal of Research in Personality, 18, 41-53.
4. Brief, A. P., & Motowidlo, S. J. (1987). Prosocial organizational behaviors. Academy of Management Review, 11(4), 710-725.
5. Clinard, M. B. (1983). Corporate Ethics and Crime: The Role of Middle Management. Beverly Hills: Sage.
6. Combs, G. W. (1981). Defensive and supportive communication. In Jones, J. E., & Pfeiffer, W. (Eds.), The 1981 Annual Handbook for Group Facilitators. San Diego, CA: University Associates.
7. Costigan, J. I., & Schmeidler, M. A. (1984). Exploring supportive and defensive communication climates. In Jones, J. E., & Pfeiffer, W. (Eds.), In The 1984 Annual Developing Human Resources (pp. 112-119). San Diego, CA: University Associates.
8. Deaux, K. (1979). Self-evaluation of male and female managers. Sex Roles, 5, 571-580.
9. Driscoll, J. W., Carroll, D. J., & Sprecher, T. A. (1978). The first-level supervisor: Still the "man in the middle." Sloan Management Review, 19(2), 25-37.
10. Dubno, P. (1985). Attitudes toward women executives: A longitudinal approach. Academy of Management Journal, 26(1), 235-239.
11. Elliston, F. A., Keenan, J. P., Lockhart, P., & Van Schaick, J. (1985). Whistleblowing: Managing Dissent in the Workplace. New York: Praeger Press.
12. Ewing, D. W. (1983). Do It My Way - or You 're Fired. New York: Wiley.
13. Gardner, B., & Whyte, W. F. (1945). The man in the middle: Position and problems of the foreman. Applied Anthropology, 4(2).
14. Gibb, J. R. (1961a). Defensive and supportive communication. Journal of Communications, 11, 141-148.
15. Gibb, J. R. (1961b). Defense level and influence potential in small groups. In Petrullo, L., & Bass, B. M. (Eds.), Leadership and Interpersonal Behavior (pp. 66-81). New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
16. Glazer, M. P. (2000). Whistleblowing at work: Tough choices in exposing fraud, waste, and abuse on the job. Contemporary Sociology, 29(5), 726-727.
17. Glazer, M. P., & Glazer, P. M. (1987). The Whistleblowers: Exposing Corruption in Government and Industry. New York: Basic Books.
18. Graham, J. W. (1984). Organizational response to principled organizational dissent. Paper presented at the 44th meeting of the Academy of Management, Boston.
19. Graham, J. W. (1986). Principled organizational dissent, A theoretical essay. In Staw, B. M., & Cummings, L. L. (Eds.), Research in Organizational Behavior, Vol. 8 (pp. 1-52). Greenwich, CT: JAI Press
20. Halcrow, A. (1987). Is there a crisis in business ethics? Personnel Journal, November, 13-17.
21. Heilman, M. E. (1983). Sex bias in work settings: The lack of fit model. In Cummings, L. L., & Staw, B. M. (Eds.), Research in Organizational Behavior, Vol. 5. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
22. Jubb, P. B. (1999). Whistleblowing: A restrictive definition and interpretation. Journal of Business Ethics, 21(1), 77-94.
23. Katz, R. (1974). Skills of an effective administrator. Harvard Business Review, 52(5), 90-102.
24. Keenan, J. P. (1988). Communication climate, Whistleblowing, and the first-level manager, A preliminary study. Academy of Management Best Paper Proceedings. 247-251.
25. Keenan, J. P. (1989a). Upper-level managers and Whistleblowing, A preliminary Study of the influence of communication climate. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the National Academy of Management.
26. Keenan, J. P. (1989b). Sex, home office, and Whistleblowing, Implications regarding managers' response to fraud, waste and mismanagement. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Southwest Division of the Academy of Management.
27. Keenan, J. P. (1990a). Upper-level managers and Whistleblowing: Determinants of perceptions of company encouragement and information about where to blow the whistle. Journal of Business and Psychology, 5(2), 223-235.
28. Keenan, J. P. (1990b). First-level managers and Whistleblowing: An exploratory study of individual and organizational variables [Working paper]. School of Business - Management Institute, University of WisconsinMadison.
29. Keenan, J. P. (1991a). Upper-level managers, first-level managers, and Whistleblowing: A comparative study and evaluation. In Ross, S. C., & Williams, T. G. (Eds.), Proceedings of the 20th Annual Meeting of the Western Decision Sciences Institute, March 19-22 (pp. 90-493). Lihue, Kauai, Hawaii.
30. Keenan, J. P. (1991b). Upper-level managers, middle-level managers, and whistleblowing: A comparative study and evaluation. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Academy of Management, Miami Beach.
31. Keenan, J. P. (1992a). Whistleblowing and the middle-level manager: Determinants of feeling obliged to blow the whistle. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Western Decision Sciences Institute, Reno, NV.
32. Keenan, J. P. (1992b). Determinants of blowing the whistle on major fraud: A study of executives and managers [Abstract]. ORSA/TIMS Bulletin, Number 34, Program of the 34th Joint National Meeting, November 1-4 (p. 140). San Francisco, CA.
33. Keenan, J. P. (1993). Determinants of blowing the whistle on less serious fraud: A study of executives and managers. In Pettit-O'Malley, K. L., & Reyes, M. G. C. (Eds.), Proceedings of the Twenty-Second Annual Meeting of the Western Decision Sciences Institute, March 30-April 2 (pp. 344-350). San Diego, CA.
34. Keenan, J. P. (1995). Whistleblowing and the first-level manager: Determinants of feeling obliged to blow the whistle. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 10(3), 571-584.
35. Keenan, J. P., & McLain, D. A. (1992). Whistleblowing: A conceptualization and model. In Wall, J. L., & Jauch, K. R. (Eds.), Academy of Management Best Papers Proceedings, August 10-12 (pp. 350-352). Las Vegas, NV.
36. King III, G. (1999). The implications of an organization's structure on whistleblowing. Journal of Business Ethics, 20(2), 315-326.
37. Kohlberg, L. (1984). Stage and sequence: The cognitive-development approach to socialization. In Goslin, D. A. (Ed.), Handbook of Socialization Theory and Research (pp. 347-480). Chicago: Rand McNally.
38. Lawrence, P. R., & Lorsch, J. W. (1969). Developing Organizations: Diagnosis and Action. Reading, Mass: Addison-Wesley.
39. Marshall, C. (1988). Corporate culture: The role of top management. Multinational Business, 1, 36-40.
40. Mathews, M. C. (1987). Codes of ethics, Organizational behavior and misbehavior. In Frederick, W. C. (Ed.), Research in Corporate Social Performance and Policy, (Vol. 9, pp. 107-130). Greenwich, CT, JAI Press.
41. McLain, D. A., & Keenan, J. P. (1999). Risk, information, and the decision about response to wrongdoing in an organization. Journal of Business Ethics, 19, 255-271.
42. Miceli, M. P., & Near, J. P. (1985). Characteristics of organizational climate and perceived wrongdoing associated with whistle-blowing decisions. Personnel Psychology, 38, 525-544.
43. Miceli, M. P., Dozier, J. B., & Near, J. P. (1987). Personal and situational determinants of whistle-blowing. Paper presented at the meeting of the Academy of Management.
44. Miceli, M. P., & Near, J. P. (1988). Individual and situational correlates of whistleblowing. Personnel Psychology, 41, 267-281.
45. Miceli, M. P., & Near, J. P. (1992). Blowing the Whistle: The Organizational and Legal Implications For Companies and Employees. New York: Lexington Books.
46. Miceli, M. P., Rehg, M., Near, J. P., & Ryan, K. C. (1999). Can laws protect whistle-blowers? Results of a naturally occurring field experiment. Work and Occupations, 26(1), 129-151.
47. Morrow, P. C., & McElroy, J. C. (1987). Work commitment and job satisfaction over three career stages. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 30, 330-346.
48. Near, J. P., & Miceli, M. P. (1986). Retaliation against whistle-blowers: Predictors and effects. Journal of Applied Psychology, 71, 137-145.
49. Near, J. P., & Miceli, M. P. (1987). Whistle-blowers in organizations: Dissidents or reformers. In Cummings, L. L., & Staw, B. M. (Eds.), Research in Organizational Behavior (Vol. 9, pp. 321-368). Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
50. Near, J. P., & Miceli, M. P. (1990). When whistleblowing succeeds: Predictors of effective whistle-blowing. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Academy of Management, San Francisco.
51. Paolillo, J. G. (1981). Role profiles for manager's at different hierarchical levels. Academy o of Management Proceedings, 91-96.
52. Pavett, C. M., & Lau, A. W. (1983). Managerial work: The influence of hierarchical level and functional specialty. Academy of Management Journal, 26, 170-177.
53. Posner, B. Z., & Schmidt, W. H. (1987). Ethics in American companies: A managerial perspective. Journal of Business Ethics, 9, 383-391.
54. Powell, D. E. (1990, July 29). Blowing it. The Miami Herald, pp. 5-11.
55. Roethlisbergher, F. J. (1945). The foreman: Master and victim of double talk. Harvard Business Review, 23(3), 283-298.
56. Rothschild, J., & Miethe, T. (1999). Whistle-blower disclosures and management retaliation: The battle to control information about organization corruption. Work and Occupations, 26(1), 107-128.
57. Rushton, J. P. (1984). The altruistic personality, Evidence from laboratory, naturalistic, and self-report perspectives. In Staub, E., Bar-Tal, D., Karylowski, J., & Reykowski, J., (Eds.), Development and Maintenance of Prosocial Behavior: International Perspectives on Positive Morality (pp. 271-290). New York: Plenum.
58. Sims, R. L., & Keenan, J. P. (1998). Predictors of external whistleblowing: Organizational and intra-personal variables. Journal of Business Ethics, 17, 411-421.
59. Sims, R. L., & Keenan, J. P. (1999). A cross-cultural comparison of managers' whistleblowing tendencies. International Journal of Values-Based Management, 12, 137-151.
60. Trevino, L. K. (1986). Ethical decision making in organizations: A person-situation interactionist model. Academy of Management Review, 11(3), 601-617.
61. United States Merit Systems Protection Board (USMSPB). (1981). Whistleblowing and the Federal Employee. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
62. Victor, B., & Cullen, J. B. (1987). The organizatonal bases of ethical work climates. Administrative Science Quarterly, 33, 101-125.
63. Weinstein, D. (1979). Bureaucratic Opposition. New York: Pergamon Press.
64. Welsch, H. P., & La Van, H. (1981). Inter-relationships between organizational commitment and job characteristics, job satisfaction, professional behavior, and organizational climate. Human Relations, 34(12), 1079-1089.