Power-Sharing in Multi-Ethnic Political Systems

Security Dialogue

Volumn 29, Issue 1, 1998, Pages 25-36

  'Bayo Adekanye, J ^a  

^a NONE

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EID: 0348226967     PISSN: 09670106     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0967010698029001003     Document Type: Article

References (23)

1. Leading expositions are to be found in Arend Lijphart, Democracy in Plural Societies: A Comparative Exploration (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1977), and Power-Sharing in South Africa (Berkeley, CA: Institute of International Studies, University of California, 1985); Eric A. Nordlinger, Conflict Regulation in Divided Societies, Occasional Paper no. 29, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University, Center for International Affairs, 1972); as well as the contributions of Kenneth D. McRae, Jurg Steiner, Donald L. Horowitz, Arend Lijphart, in Joseph V. Montville, ed., Conflict and Peacemaking in Multiethnic Societies (Lexington, MA & Toronto: Lexington Books, 1990).
2. Leading expositions are to be found in Arend Lijphart, Democracy in Plural Societies: A Comparative Exploration (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1977), and Power-Sharing in South Africa (Berkeley, CA: Institute of International Studies, University of California, 1985); Eric A. Nordlinger, Conflict Regulation in Divided Societies, Occasional Paper no. 29, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University, Center for International Affairs, 1972); as well as the contributions of Kenneth D. McRae, Jurg Steiner, Donald L. Horowitz, Arend Lijphart, in Joseph V. Montville, ed., Conflict and Peacemaking in Multiethnic Societies (Lexington, MA & Toronto: Lexington Books, 1990).
3. Leading expositions are to be found in Arend Lijphart, Democracy in Plural Societies: A Comparative Exploration (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1977), and Power-Sharing in South Africa (Berkeley, CA: Institute of International Studies, University of California, 1985); Eric A. Nordlinger, Conflict Regulation in Divided Societies, Occasional Paper no. 29, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University, Center for International Affairs, 1972); as well as the contributions of Kenneth D. McRae, Jurg Steiner, Donald L. Horowitz, Arend Lijphart, in Joseph V. Montville, ed., Conflict and Peacemaking in Multiethnic Societies (Lexington, MA & Toronto: Lexington Books, 1990).
4. Leading expositions are to be found in Arend Lijphart, Democracy in Plural Societies: A Comparative Exploration (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1977), and Power-Sharing in South Africa (Berkeley, CA: Institute of International Studies, University of California, 1985); Eric A. Nordlinger, Conflict Regulation in Divided Societies, Occasional Paper no. 29, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University, Center for International Affairs, 1972); as well as the contributions of Kenneth D. McRae, Jurg Steiner, Donald L. Horowitz, Arend Lijphart, in Joseph V. Montville, ed., Conflict and Peacemaking in Multiethnic Societies (Lexington, MA & Toronto: Lexington Books, 1990).
5. Lijphart, Power-Sharing in South Africa, p. 6.
6. See Kåre Lode, 'The Peace Process in Mali: Oiling the Works?', Security Dialogue, vol. 28 no. 4, 1997, pp. 409-424.
7. Donald L. Horowitz, Ethnic Groups in Conflict (Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1985); and 'Ethnic Conflict Management for Policymakers', in Joseph V. Montville, ed., Conflict and Peacemaking in Multiethnic Societies, pp. 115-130.
8. Donald L. Horowitz, Ethnic Groups in Conflict (Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1985); and 'Ethnic Conflict Management for Policymakers', in Joseph V. Montville, ed., Conflict and Peacemaking in Multiethnic Societies, pp. 115-130.
9. John McGarry, & Brendan O'Leary, eds, The Politics of Ethnic Conflict Regulation (London & New York: Routledge, 1993); John Coakley, 'The Resolution of Ethnic Conflict: Towards a Typology', International Political Science Review, vol. 13, no. 4, 1992, pp. 343-358.
10. John McGarry, & Brendan O'Leary, eds, The Politics of Ethnic Conflict Regulation (London & New York: Routledge, 1993); John Coakley, 'The Resolution of Ethnic Conflict: Towards a Typology', International Political Science Review, vol. 13, no. 4, 1992, pp. 343-358.
11. This is the classic 'separation of powers' doctrine which has come to be considered a companion piece to the power-sharing principle in the constitutions of states, especially 'presidential' ones.
12. J. 'Bayo Adekanye, 'Rwanda/Burundi: "Uni-Ethnic" Dominance and the Cycle of Armed Ethnic Formations', Social Identities, vol. 2, no. 1, 1996, pp. 37-71.
13. See United Nations, The United Nations and Rwanda 1993-1996, Blue Books Series, New York: Department of Public Information, United Nations, 1996, Annex V, Sub-Section 5, Article 23 of Document 19, p. 189; emphasis supplied.
14. J. 'Bayo Adekanye, 'Arms and Reconstruction in Post-Conflict Societies', Journal of Peace Research, vol. 34, no. 3, August 1997, pp. 359-366, at p. 364.
15. War-torn Societies Project, 'Economic rebuilding: What role for the state?', WSP Research Update, no. 4, March 1997, pp. 6-9.
16. DEG is a two-year collaborative project (November 1995-October 1997) on the problems of managing ethnic conflicts in the war-peace transition, with Ethiopia, Mozambique, South Africa and Uganda as case-studies. The project has been led by J. 'Bayo Adekanye at PRIO and sponsored by the Toyota Foundation.
17. Réné Lemarchand, 'Burundi in Comparative Perspective: Dimensions of Ethnic Strife', McGarry & O'Leary, eds, The Politics of Ethnic Conflict Regulation, at p. 168.
18. To judge from the critically informed diagnosis provided by UNRISD's (1995) report on States in Disarray: The Social Effects of Globalisation, these problems may in fact be more global in kind, if not in intensity, than might at first seem.
19. J. 'Bayo Adekanye, 'Structural Adjustment, Democratisation, and Rising Ethnic Tensions in Africa', Development and Change, vol. 26, no. 2, 1995, pp. 355-374.
20. Yusuf Bangura, The Search for Identity: Ethnicity, Religion and Political Violence, Occasional Paper no. 6; Crawford Young, Ethnic Diversity and Public Policy: An Overview, Occasional Paper no. 8; and Ralph Premdas, Public Policy and Ethnic Conflict Regulation: Oceania and the Caribbean, Paper prepared for the UNRISD Project on Ethnic Diversity and Public Policies, all published by UNRISD, Geneva, November 1994.
21. Yusuf Bangura, The Search for Identity: Ethnicity, Religion and Political Violence, Occasional Paper no. 6; Crawford Young, Ethnic Diversity and Public Policy: An Overview, Occasional Paper no. 8; and Ralph Premdas, Public Policy and Ethnic Conflict Regulation: Oceania and the Caribbean, Paper prepared for the UNRISD Project on Ethnic Diversity and Public Policies, all published by UNRISD, Geneva, November 1994.
22. Yusuf Bangura, The Search for Identity: Ethnicity, Religion and Political Violence, Occasional Paper no. 6; Crawford Young, Ethnic Diversity and Public Policy: An Overview, Occasional Paper no. 8; and Ralph Premdas, Public Policy and Ethnic Conflict Regulation: Oceania and the Caribbean, Paper prepared for the UNRISD Project on Ethnic Diversity and Public Policies, all published by UNRISD, Geneva, November 1994.
23. UNDP, 'New Dimensions of Human Security', in Human Development Report 1994, New York & Oxford: Oxford University Press, for UNDP, 1994, pp. 22-46.