The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) SM protein enhances pre-mRNA processing of the EBV DNA polymerase transcript

Journal of Virology

Volumn 72, Issue 11, 1998, Pages 8485-8492

  Silver Key, S Catherine ^a,b   Yoshizaki, Tomokazu ^b,c   Pagano, Joseph S ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA   (United States)

^c KANAZAWA UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DNA POLYMERASE; GLUTATHIONE TRANSFERASE; HETEROGENEOUS NUCLEAR RNA; HYBRID PROTEIN; MESSENGER RNA; POL PROTEIN; RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN; VIRUS PROTEIN;

ARTICLE; EPSTEIN BARR VIRUS; HELA CELL; HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; POLYADENYLATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN PROTEIN INTERACTION; RNA PROCESSING;

EID: 0348116933     PISSN: 0022538X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1128/jvi.72.11.8485-8492.1998     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Brown, C. R., M. S. Nakamura, J. D. Mosca, G. S. Hayward, S. E. Straus, and L. P. Perera. 1995. Herpes simplex virus trans-regulatory protein ICP27 stabilizes and binds to 3′ ends of labile mRNA. J. Virol. 69:7187-7195.
2. Buisson, M., E. Manet, M.-C. Trescol-Biemont, H. Gruffat, B. Durand, and A. Sergeant. 1989. The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) early protein EB2 is a posttranscriptional activator expressed under the control of EBV transcription factors EB1 and R. J. Virol. 63:5276-5284.
3. Burd, C. G., M. S. Swanson, M. Gorlach, and G. Dreyfuss. 1989. Primary structures of the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2, B1, and C2 proteins: a diversity of RNA binding proteins is generated by small peptide inserts. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86:9788-9792.
4. Cook, I. D., F. Shanahan, and P. J. Farrell. 1994. Epstein-Barr virus SM protein. Virology 205:217-227.
5. Dreyfuss, G., M. J. Matunis, S. Pinol-Roma, and C. G. Burd. 1993. hnRNP proteins and the biogenesis of mRNA. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 62:289-321.
6. Fixman, E. D., G. S. Hayward, and S. D. Hayward. 1992. trans-acting requirements for replication of Epstein-Barr virus ori-Lyt. J. Virol. 66:5030-5039.
7. Fixman, E. D., G. S. Hayward, and S. D. Hayward. 1995. Replication of Epstein-Barr virus oriLyt: lack of a dedicated virally encoded origin-binding protein and dependence on Zta in cotransfection assays. J. Virol. 69:2998-3006.
8. Furnari, F. B., M. D. Adams, and J. S. Pagano. 1992. Regulation of the Epstein-Barr virus DNA polymerase gene. J. Virol. 66:2837-2845.
9. Furnari, F. B., M. D. Adams, and J. S. Pagano. 1993. The 3′ ends of EBV DNA polymerase mRNAs are processed without canonical polyadenylation signals, p. 175-180. In T. Tursz et al. (ed.), The Epstein-Barr virus and associated diseases. Colloque INSERM/John Libbey Eurotext Ltd., Montrouge, France.
10. Furnari, F. B., M. D. Adams, and J. S. Pagano. 1993. Unconventional processing of the 3′ termini of the Epstein-Barr virus DNA polymerase mRNA. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90:378-382.
11. Gerace, L. 1995. Nuclear export signals and the fast track to the cytoplasm. Cell 82:340-344.
12. Green, M. R. 1989. Pre-mRNA processing and mRNA nuclear export. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 1:519-525.
13. Gunderson, S. I., K. Beyer, G. Martin, W. Keller, W. C. Boelens, and I. W. Mattaj. 1994. The human U1A snRNP protein regulates polyadenylation via a direct interaction with poly(A) polymerase. Cell 76:531-541.
14. Huang, Y., and G. G. Carmichael. 1996. Role of polyadenylation in nucleocytoplasmic transport of mRNA. Mol. Cell. Biol. 16:1534-1542.
15. Keller, W. 1995. No end yet to messenger RNA 3′ processing! Cell 81:829-832.
16. Kenney, S., J. Kamine, G. E. Holley, E. C. Mar, J. C. Lin, D. Markovitz, and J. Pagano. 1989. The Epstein-Barr virus immediate-early gene product, BMLF1, acts in trans by a posttranscriptional mechanism which is reporter gene dependent. J. Virol. 63:3870-3877.
17. Kenney, S., J. Kamine, D. Markovitz, R. Fenrick, and J. Pagano. 1988. An Epstein-Barr virus immediate-early gene product trans-activates gene expression from the human immunodeficiency virus long terminal repeat. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85:1652-1656.
18. Key, S. C. S., and J. S. Pagano. 1997. A noncanonical poly(A) signal, UAUAAA, and flanking elements in Epstein-Barr virus DNA polymerase mRNA function in cleavage and polyadenylation assays. Virology 234:147-159.
19. Kiss-Laszlo, Z., and T. Hohn. 1996. Pararetro- and retrovirus RNA: splicing and the control of nuclear export. Trends Microbiol. 4:480-485.
20. Kouzarides, T., G. Packham, A. Cook, and P. J. Farrell. 1991. The BZLF1 protein of EBV has a coiled coil dimerization domain without a heptad leucine repeat but with homology to the C/EBP leucine zipper. Oncogene 6: 195-204.
21. Lieberman, P. M., P. O'Hare, G. S. Hayward, and S. D. Hayward. 1986. Promiscuous trans-activation of gene expression by an Epstein-Barr virus-encoded early nuclear protein. J. Virol. 60:140-148.
22. Liu, C. 1996. Ph.D. thesis. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, N.C.
23. Liu, C., N. D. Sista, and J. S. Pagano. 1996. Activation of the Epstein-Barr virus DNA polymerase promoter by the BRLF1 immediate-early protein is mediated through USF and E2F. J. Virol. 70:2545-2555.
24. Luhrmann, R., B. Kastner, and M. Bach. 1990. Structure of spliceosomal snRNPs and their role in pre-mRNA splicing. Biochim. Biophys Acta 1087: 265-292.
25. Lutz, C. S., and J. C. Alwine. 1994. Direct interaction of the U1 snRNP-A protein with the upstream efficiency element of the SV40 late polyadenylation signal. Genes Dev. 8:576-586.
26. Lutz, C. S., K. G. Murthy, N. Schek, J. P. O'Connor, J. L. Manley, and J. C. Alwine. 1996. Interaction between the U1 snRNP-A protein and the 160-kD subunit of cleavage-polyadenylation specificity factor increases polyadenylation efficiency in vitro. Genes Dev. 10:325-337.
27. Markovitz, D. M., S. Kenney, J. Kamine, M. S. Smith, M. Davis, E. S. Huang, C. Rosen, and J. S. Pagano. 1989. Disparate effects of two herpesviruses immediate-early gene trans-activators on the HIV-1 LTR. Virology 173:750-754.
28. McGregor, F., A. Phelan, J. Dunlop, and J. B. Clements. 1996. Regulation of herpes simplex virus poly(A) site usage and the action of immediate-early protein IE63 in the early-late switch. J. Virol. 70:1931-1940.
29. McLauchlan, J., S. Simpson, and J. B. Clements. 1989. Herpes simplex virus induces a processing factor that stimulates poly(A) site usage. Cell 59:1093-1105.
30. Nakielny, S., and G. Dreyfus. 1996. The hnRNP C proteins contain a nuclear retention sequence that can override nuclear export signals. J. Cell Biol. 134:1365-1373.
31. Nakielny, S., M. C. Siomi, H. Siomi, W. M. Michael, V. Pollard, and G. Dreyfuss. 1996. Transportin: nuclear transport receptor of a novel nuclear orotein import pathway. Exp. Cell Res. 229:261-266.
32. Pagano, J. S., N. D. Sista, F. B. Furnari, and J.-L. Lin. 1991. Expression and regulation of the Epstein-Barr virus DNA polymerase, p. 153-168. In R. Verno and Y. Nishizuda (ed.), Biotechnology of cell regulation. Serono Symposia Series, Advances in Experimental Medicine. Raven Press, New York, N.Y.
33. Phelan, A., J. Dunlop, and J. B. Clements. 1996. Herpes simplex virus type 1 protein IE63 affects the nuclear export of virus intron-containing transcripts. J. Virol. 70:5255-5265.
34. Pollard, V. W., W. M. Michael, S. Nakielny, M. C. Siomi, F. Wang, and G. Dreyfuss. 1996. A novel receptor-mediated nuclear protein import pathway. Cell 86:985-994.
35. Rice, S. A., V. Lam, and D. M. Knipe. 1993. The acidic amino-terminal region of herpes simplex virus type 1 alpha protein ICP27 is required for an essential lytic function. J. Virol. 67:1778-1787.
36. Russnak, R., and D. Ganem. 1990. Sequences 5′ to the polyadenylation signal mediate differential poly(A) site use in hepatitis B viruses. Genes Dev. 4:764-776.
37. Russnak, R. H. 1991. Regulation of polyadenylation in hepatitis B viruses: stimulation by the upstream activating signal PSI is orientation-dependent, distance-independent, and additive. Nucleic Acids Res. 19:6449-6456.
38. Ruvolo, V., S. Boyle, and S. Swaminathan. 1998. The EBV nuclear protein SM is both a post-transcriptional inhibitor and activator of gene expression. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95:8852-8857.
39. Sample, J., G. Lancz, and M. Nonoyama. 1986. Mapping of genes in BamHI fragment M of Epstein-Barr virus DNA that may determine the fate of viral infection. J. Virol. 57:145-154.
40. Sandri-Goldin, R. M. 1991. Analysis of the regulatory activities of the HSV-1 α protein ICP27, p. 77-103. In E. K. Wagner (ed.), Herpesvirus transcription and its regulation. CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, Fla.
41. Sandri-Goldin, R. M., and M. K. Hibbard. 1996. The herpes simplex virus type 1 regulatory protein ICP27 coimmunoprecipitates with anti-Sm anti-serum, and the C terminus appears to be required for this interaction. J. Virol. 70:108-118.
42. Sandri-Goldin, R. M., M. K. Hibbard, and M. A. Hardwicke. 1995. The C-terminal repressor region of herpes simplex virus type 1 ICP27 is required tor the redistribution of small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles and splicing factor SC35; however, these alterations are not sufficient to inhibit host cell solicing. J. Virol. 69:6063-6076.
43. Sandri-Goldin, R. M., and G. E. Mendoza. 1992. A herpesvirus regulatory protein appears to act post-transcriptionally by affecting mRNA processing. Genes Dev. 6:848-863.
44. Sanfacon, H. 1994. Analysis of figwort mosaic virus (plant pararetrovirus) polyadenylation signal. Virology 198:39-49.
45. Sergeant, A. Personal communication.
46. Siomi, H., and G. Dreyfuss. 1995. A nuclear localization domain in the hnRNP A1 protein. J. Cell Biol. 129:551-560.
47. Smith, D. B. 1993. Purification of glutathione-S-transferase fusion proteins. Methods Mol. Cell. Biol. 4:220-229.
48. Takada, K., K. Horinouchi, Y. Ono, T. Aya, T. Osato, M. Takahashi, and S. Hayasaka. 1991. An Epstein-Barr virus-producer line Akata: establishment of the cell line and analysis of viral DNA. Virus Genes 5:147-156.
49. Wilusz, J., and T. Shenk. 1990. A uridylate tract mediates efficient heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C protein-RNA cross-inking and functionally substitutes for the downstream element of the polyadenylation signal. Mol. Cell. Biol. 10:6397-6407.
50. Wong, K., and A. J. Levine. 1989. Characterization of proteins encoded by the Epstein-Barr virus transactivator gene BMLF1. Virology 168:101-111.