Thinking about standards

Phi Delta Kappan

Volumn 78, Issue 3, 1997, Pages 184-189

  Noddings, Nel ^a,b  

^a STANFORD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b Och Spine at New York Presbyterian Hospitals   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0347981202     PISSN: 00317217     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (15)

1. Diane Ravitch, National Standards in American Education (Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution Press, 1995).
2. Ibid., p. 12.
3. Ibid.
4. Ibid., p. 13.
5. See Paul Lauter, "Race and Gender in the Shaping of the American Literary Canon: A Case Study of the Twenties," Feminist Studies, vol. 9, 1983, pp. 435-64.
6. See Nel Noddings, "Does Everybody Count?," Journal of Mathematical Behavior, vol. 13, 1994, pp. 89-104.
7. See the tribute to Albert Shanker in Education Week, 14 May 1997, p. 44.
8. For further discussion of the debate over goals and standards, see Dayle M. Bethel, ed., Compulsory Schooling and Human Learning: The Moral Failure of Public Education in America and Japan (San Francisco: Caddo Gap Press, 1994); Blythe McVicker Clinchy, "Goals 2000: The Student as Object," Phi Delta Kappan, January 1995, pp. 383-92; Evans Clinchy, ed., Charting a New Course (New York: Teachers College Press, 1996); and Ron Miller, ed., Educational Freedom for a Democratic Society (Brandon, Vt.: Resource Center for Redesigning Education, 1995).
9. For further discussion of the debate over goals and standards, see Dayle M. Bethel, ed., Compulsory Schooling and Human Learning: The Moral Failure of Public Education in America and Japan (San Francisco: Caddo Gap Press, 1994); Blythe McVicker Clinchy, "Goals 2000: The Student as Object," Phi Delta Kappan, January 1995, pp. 383-92; Evans Clinchy, ed., Charting a New Course (New York: Teachers College Press, 1996); and Ron Miller, ed., Educational Freedom for a Democratic Society (Brandon, Vt.: Resource Center for Redesigning Education, 1995).
10. For further discussion of the debate over goals and standards, see Dayle M. Bethel, ed., Compulsory Schooling and Human Learning: The Moral Failure of Public Education in America and Japan (San Francisco: Caddo Gap Press, 1994); Blythe McVicker Clinchy, "Goals 2000: The Student as Object," Phi Delta Kappan, January 1995, pp. 383-92; Evans Clinchy, ed., Charting a New Course (New York: Teachers College Press, 1996); and Ron Miller, ed., Educational Freedom for a Democratic Society (Brandon, Vt.: Resource Center for Redesigning Education, 1995).
11. For further discussion of the debate over goals and standards, see Dayle M. Bethel, ed., Compulsory Schooling and Human Learning: The Moral Failure of Public Education in America and Japan (San Francisco: Caddo Gap Press, 1994); Blythe McVicker Clinchy, "Goals 2000: The Student as Object," Phi Delta Kappan, January 1995, pp. 383-92; Evans Clinchy, ed., Charting a New Course (New York: Teachers College Press, 1996); and Ron Miller, ed., Educational Freedom for a Democratic Society (Brandon, Vt.: Resource Center for Redesigning Education, 1995).
12. John Dewey, Experience and Education (1938; reprint, New York: Macmillan, 1963), p. 67.
13. See Mortimer Adler, The Paideia Proposal (New York: Macmillan, 1982).
14. But see Mike Rose, Possible Lives: The Promise of Public Education in America (Bostron: Houghton Mifflin, 1995). Rose shows that courses in trade-like. Subjects can be powerful cognitively, instrumentally, aesthetically, and even Morally.
15. "Hypocrisy Distorts the Standard Debate," Rethinking Schools, Spring 1997, p. 2.