The retail internationalisation process

International Marketing Review

Volumn 17, Issue 4-5, 2000, Pages 334-353

  Alexander, Nicholas ^a   Myers, Hayley ^b  

^a BOURNEMOUTH UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^b Retail Intelligence ^*  (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Globalization; International marketing; Marketing strategy; Retailing

Indexed keywords

EID: 0347626725     PISSN: 02651335     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1108/02651330010339888     Document Type: Article

References (78)

1. Akehurst, G. and Alexander, N. (1995), "The internationalisation process in retailing", The Service Industries Journal, Vol. 15 No. 4, pp. 1-15.
2. Alexander, N. (1990a), "Retailing post-1992", Service Industries Journal Vol. 10 No. 2, pp. 172-87.
3. Alexander, N. (1990b), "Retailers and international markets: motives for expansion", International Marketing Review, Vol. 7 No. 4, pp. 75-85.
4. Alexander, N. (1995), "Expansion within the single European market: a motivational structure", The International Review of Retail, Distribution and Consumer Research, Vol. 5 No. 4, pp. 472-87.
5. Alexander, N. (1997), International Retailing, Blackwell Publishers, Oxford.
6. Alexander, N. (1999) The Globalisation of Retailing, Retail Intelligence, London.
7. Alexander, N. and Lockwood, A. (1996) "Internationalisation: a comparison of the hotel and retail sectors", The Service Industries Journal, Vol. 16 No. 4, pp. 458-73.
8. Ball, R. (1980), "Europe's US shopping spree", Fortune, 1 December, pp. 82-8.
9. Bilkley, W. and Tesar, G. (1977), "The export of smaller-sized Wisconsin manufacturing firms", Journal of International Business Studies, Vol. 8, pp. 93-8.
10. Brown, S. (1992) Retail Location: A Micro-scale Perspective, Avebury, Aldershot.
11. Brown, S. and Burt, S. (1992), "Retail internationalization: past imperfect, future imperative", European Journal of Marketing, Vol. 26 No. 8/9, pp. 80-4.
12. Burt, S. (1986), "The Carrefour Group - the first 25 years", International Journal of Retailing, Vol. 1 No. 3, pp. 54-78.
13. Burt, S. (1993), "Temporal trends in the internationalisation of British retailing", International Review of Retail, Distribution and Consumer Research, Vol. 3 No. 4, pp. 391-410.
14. Burt, S. and Carralero-Encinas, J. (1999), "The role of store image in retail internationalisation", Institute for Retail Studies Research Papers in Retailing, University of Stirling, p. 9901.
15. Cavusgil, S. (1980), "On the internationalisation process of the firm", European Research, Vol. 8 No. 6, pp. 273-81.
16. Chen, Y. and Sternquist, B. (1996), "Differences between international and domestic Japanese retailers", The Service Industries Journal, Vol. 15 No. 4, pp. 118-33.
17. Cheung, C. (1994), "Globalization of Japanese major retailers and stages of their global strategic management", Recent Advances in Retailing & Services Science Conference, 7-10 May, Banff-Alberta.
18. Cheung, C. (1996), "Japanese retailers making inroads into China", 3rd Recent Advances in Retailing and Services Science Conference, 22-25 June, Telfs/Buchen, p. 31.
19. Clarke, G., Silcock, E. and Clarke, D. (1997), "Saturation and the lure of the USA", 4th Recent Advances in Retailing and Services Science Conference, 30 June-3 July, Scottsdale, p. 13.
20. Czinkota, M. (1982), Export Development Strategies: US Promotion Policy, Praeger, New York, NY.
21. Davies, B. and Jones, P. (1993), "The international activity of Japanese department stores", The Service Industries Journal, Vol. 13 No. 1, pp. 126-32.
22. Davies, K. (1993), "Trade barriers in East and South East Asia: the implications for retailers", The International Review of Retail, Distribution and Consumer Research, Vol. 3 No. 4, pp. 345-66.
23. Davies, K. and Fergusson, F. (1996), "The international activities of Japanese retailers", The Service Industries Journal, Vol. 15 No. 4, pp. 97-117.
24. Dawson, J. (1994), "Internationalization of retailing operations", Journal of Marketing Management, Vol. 10, pp. 267-82.
25. Drtina, T. (1995) "The internationalisation of retailing in the Czech and Slovak Republics", The Service Industries Journal, Vol. 15 No. 4, pp. 191-203.
26. Dunning, J. (1981), International Production and the Multinational Enterprise, Allen & Unwin, London.
27. Dunning, J. (1988), The eclectic paradigm of international production: a restatement and some possible extensions", Journal of International Business Studies, Vol. 19 No. 1, pp. 1-31.
28. Exstein, M. and Weitzman, F. (1991), "Foreign investment in US retailing: an optimistic overview", Retail Control, January, pp. 9-14.
29. Fernie, J. and Fernie, S. (1996), "The development of a US retail format in Europe: the case of factory outlet centres", 3rd Recent Advances in Retailing and Services Science Conference, 22-25 June, Telfs/Buchen, p. 54.
30. Forsythe, S., Cavender, D. and Qingliang, G. (1996), "Positioning US retailers for growth opportunities in China: identifying and responding to consumer needs", 3rd Recent Advances in Retailing and Services Science Conference, 22-25 June, Telfs/Buchen, p. 59.
31. Fritsch, W. (1962), Progress and Profits: The Sears Roebuck Story in Peru, Action Committee for International Development, Washington DC.
32. Fulop, C. (1991), "The changing structure of Hungarian retailing: prospects for foreign retailers", Journal of Marketing Management, Vol. 7 No. 4, pp. 383-96.
33. Gannon, M. (1993), "Towards a composite theory of foreign market entry mode choice: the role of marketing strategy variables", Journal of Strategic Marketing, Vol. 1 No. 1, pp. 41-54.
34. Good, L. and Huddleston, P. (1995), "Who's shopping who? an examination of Russian shoppers", 8th International Conference on Research in the Distributive Trades, 1-2 September, Milan, pp. B1.23.
35. Hallsworth, A. (1990), "The lure of the USA: some further reflections", Environment and Planning, Vol. A22, pp. 551-8.
36. Hamill, J. and Crosbie, J. (1990), "British retail acquisitions in the US", International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management, Vol. 18 No. 5, pp. 15-20.
37. Hise, R., McNeal, J. and Chen, L. (1995), "China's retailing sector today: strategic implications for US retailers", 8th International Conference on Research in the Distributive Trades, 1-2 September, Milan, pp. B1.1-8.
38. Ho, S. and Sin, Y. (1987), "International transfer of retail technology: the successful case of convenience stores in Hong Kong", International Journal of Retailing, Vol. 2 No. 3, pp. 36-48.
39. Hollander, S. (1970), Multinational Retailing, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.
40. Kacker, M. (1985), Transatlantic Trends in Retailing, Quorum, Westport, CT.
41. Johanson, J. and Wiedersheim-Paul, F. (1975) "The internationalisation of the firm four Swedish case studies", Journal of Management Studies, Vol. 12, pp. 305-22.
42. Linder, S. (1961), An Essay on Trade and Transformation, Wiley, New York, NY.
43. Loker, S., Good, L. and Huddleston, P. (1994), "Entering Eastern European markets: lessons from Kmart", Recent Advances in Retailing & Services Science Conference, 7-10 May, BanffAlberta.
44. Lotz, S., Ryans, J. and Krampf, R. (1996), "US franchisors' strategies for the competitive European market", 3rd Recent Advances in Retailing and Services Science Conference, 22-25 June, Telfs/Buchen, p. 110.
45. Martenson, R. (1981), Innovations in Multinational Retailing: IKEA on the Swedish, Swiss, German and Austrian Furniture Markets, University of Gotenburg, Gothenburg.
46. Myers, H. (1995), "The changing process of internationalisation in the European Union", The Service Industries Journal, Vol. 15 No. 4, pp. 42-56.
47. Myers, H. (1996), "Internationalisation: a changing process: an empirical study of the European food retail sector", unpublished PhD thesis, University of Surrey.
48. Myers, H. and Alexander, N. (1995), "Direction of international food retail expansion: an empirical study of European retailers", 8th International Conference on the Distributive Trades, 1-2 September, Università Bocconi, Milan, pp. A7.1-10.
49. Myers, H. and Alexander, N. (1997), "Food retailing opportunities in Eastern Europe", European Business Review, Vol. 97 No. 3, pp. 124-33.
50. Ohlin, B. (1933), Interregional and International Trade, Harvard University Press, Cambridge MA.
51. Pellegrini, L. (1994), "Alternatives for growth and internationalization in retailing", The International Review of Retail, Distribution and Consumer Research, Vol. 4 No. 2, pp. 121-48.
52. Quinn, B. (1999) "The temporal context of UK retailers' motives for international expansion", The Service Industries Journal, Vol. 19 No. 2.
53. Robinson, T. and Clarke-Hill, C. (1990), "Directional growth by European retailers", International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management, Vol. 18 No. 5, pp. 3-14.
54. Rosson, J. and Reid, S. (1987), Managing Export Entry and Expansion: Concept and Practice, Praeger Publishers, New York, NY.
55. Salmon, W. and Tordjman, A. (1989), "The internationalisation of retailing", International Journal of Retailing, Vol. 4 No. 2, pp. 3-16.
56. Sanghavi, N. (1995), "Internationalisation of retailing - a study of retailing in developing economies of South East Asia, India and China", 2nd Recent Advances in Retailing & Services Science Conference, 11-14 July, Brisbane, p. 76.
57. Siegle, N. and Handy, C. (1981), "Foreign ownership in food retailing", National Food Review, Winter, pp. 14-16.
58. Sparks, L. (1995), "Reciprocal retail internationalisation: the Southland Corporation, Ito-Yokado and 7-Eleven convenience stores", The Service Industries Journal, Vol. 15 No. 4, pp. 57-96.
59. Sternquist, B. (1997), "International expansion of US retailers", International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, Vol. 25 No. 8, pp. 262-8.
60. Sternquist, B. and Runyan, R. (1993), "Coercion and reciprocal actions in distribution systems: a comparison of Japan and the United States", 7th International Conference on Research in the Distributive Trades, 6-8 September, University of Stirling, pp. 554-62.
61. Sternquist, B., Cooper, A. and Ogawa, T. (1995), "Japanese retailer-supplier relationships", 8th International Conference on Research in the Distributive Trades, 1-2 September, Milan, pp.A1.22-30.
62. Tordjman, A. (1988), "The French hypermarket could it be developed in the States?", Retail and Distribution Management, Vol. 4 No. 2, pp. 3-16.
63. Treadgold, A. (1988), "Retailing without frontiers", Retail and Distribution Management, Vol. 16 No. 6, pp. 8-12.
64. Treadgold, A. (1991), "The emerging internationalisation of retailing: present status and future challenges", Irish Marketing Review, Vol. 5 No. 2, pp. 11-27.
65. Treadgold, A. (1995), "Structural trends and developments in food retailing and distribution in South East Asia", 2nd Recent Advances in Retailing and Services Science Conference, 11-14 July, Brisbane, Australia, p. 97.
66. Treadgold, A. and Phillips-Rees, P. (1996), "Customer loyalty intiatives in food retailing in SouthEast Asia", 3rd Recent Advances in Retailing and Services Science Conference, 22-25 June, Telfs/Buchen, p. 188.
67. Truitt, N. (1984), "Mass merchandising and economic development: Sears Roebuck & Co in Mexico and Peru", in Shelp S. et al (Eds), Service Industries and Economic Development, Praeger, New York, NY, pp. 75-89.
68. Vernon, R. (1966), "International investment and international trade in the product cycle", Quarterly Journal of Economics, May.
69. Vida, I. and Fairhurst, A. (1998), "International expansion of retail firms: a theoretical approach for future investigations" Journal of Retail and Consumer Services, Vol. 5 No. 3, pp. 143-51.
70. Waldman, C. (1978), Strategies of International Mass Retailers, Praeger, New York, NY.
71. Williams, D. (1992a), "Motives for retailer internationalization: their impact, structure, and implications" Journal of Marketing Management, Vol. 8, pp. 269-85.
72. Williams, D. (1992b), "Retailer internationalization: an empirical inquiry", European Journal of Marketing, Vol. 26 No. 8/9, pp. 8-24.
73. Wood, R. and Keyser, V. (1953), United States Business Performance Abroad; The Case Study of Sears, Roebuck de Mexico, S.A., National Planning Association, Washington, DC.
74. Wrigley, N. (1989), "The lure of The USA: further reflections on the internationalisation of British grocery retailing capital", Environment and Planning, Vol. A21, pp. 283-8.
75. Wrigley, N. (1996), "From high street to main street: the market entry of British food retail capital into the USA", 3rd Recent Advances in Retailing and Services Science Conference, 22-25 June, Telfs/Buchen, p. 209.
76. Wrigley, N. (1997), "European retail giants and the post-LBO reconfiguration of US food retailing", 9th International Conference on Research in the Distributive Trades, 18-19 July, Leuven, pp. B5.19-27.
77. Yang, O. and Keung, R. (1996), "Distribution reforms in China and its implications: a government official's perspective", 3rd Recent Advances in Retailing and Services Science Conference, 22-25 June, Telfs/Buchen, p. 211.
78. Yoshino, S. (1966), "International opportunities for American retailers", Journal of Retailing, Vol. 43 No. 3, pp. 1-10,76.