The interplay between upwelling and deep convective mixing in determining the seasonal phytoplankton dynamics in the Gulf of Aqaba: Evidence from SeaWiFS and MODIS

Limnology and Oceanography

Volumn 48, Issue 6, 2003, Pages 2355-2368

  Labiosa, Rochelle G ^a   Arrigo, Kevin R ^a   Genin, Amatzia ^b   Monismith, Stephen G ^c   Van Dijken, Gert ^a  

^a STANFORD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b The Interuniversity Institute for Marine Science Eilat   (Israel)

^c Stanford University   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALGAL BLOOM; BIOMASS; CONVECTION; MIXING; PHYTOPLANKTON; REMOTE SENSING; UPWELLING;

GULF OF AQABA; INDIAN OCEAN; RED SEA [INDIAN OCEAN];

ALGAE; EUKARYOTA;

EID: 0347604366     PISSN: 00243590     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4319/lo.2003.48.6.2355     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. ALVAREZ-BORREGO, S. 1983. Gulf of California, p. 427-449. In B. H. Ketchum [ed.], Ecosystems of the world - estuaries and enclosed seas. Elsevier.
2. ANTOINE, D., J. M. ANDRE, AND A. MOREL. 1996. Oceanic primary production: 2. Estimation at global scale from satellite (Coastal Zone Color Scanner) chlorophyll. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 10: 57-69.
3. BANSE, K. 1995. Zooplankton: Pivotal role in the control of ocean production. ICES J. Mar. Sci. 52: 265-277.
4. BEHRENFELD, M. J., AND P. G. FALKOWSKI. 1997. Photosynthetic rates derived from satellite-based chlorophyll concentration. Limnol. Oceanogr. 42: 1-20.
5. BERMAN, T., N. PALDOR, AND S. BRENNER. 2000. Simulation of wind-driven circulation in the Gulf of Elat (Aqaba). J. Mar. Syst. 26: 349-365.
6. BLANTON, J. G. 1973. Vertical entrainment into the epilimnion of stratified lakes. Limnol. Oceanogr. 18: 697-701.
7. CAMPBELL, L., AND D. VAULOT. 1993. Photosynthetic picoplankton community structure in the subtropical north Pacific Ocean near Hawaii (station ALOHA). Deep-Sea Res. I 40: 2043-2060.
8. CAPONE, D. G., J. P. ZEHR, H. W. PAERL, B. BEGMAN, AND E. J. CARPENTER. 1997. Trichodesmium, a globally significant marine cyanobacterium. Nature 276: 1221-1229.
9. CARLSON, C. A., H. W. DUCKLOW, AND A. F. MICHAELS. 1994. Annual flux of dissolved organic carbon from the euphotic zone in the northwestern Sargasso Sea. Nature 371: 405-408.
10. CHISHOLM, S., AND OTHERS. 1992. Prochlorococcus marinus nov gen nov sp: An oxyphototrophic marine prokaryote containing divinyl chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b. Arch. Microbiol. 157: 297-300.
11. CLAUSTRE, H., AND J. C. MARTY. 1995. Specific phytoplankton biomasses and their relation to primary production in the tropical north Atlantic. Deep-Sea Res. I 42: 1475-1493.
12. _, AND OTHERS. 2002. Is desert dust making oligotrophic waters greener? Geophys. Res. Lett. 29: 1-4.
13. DURAND, M. D., R. J. OLSON, AND S. W. CHISHOLM. 2001. Phytoplankton population dynamics at the Bermuda Atlantic Time-series station in the Sargasso Sea. Deep-Sea Res. II 48: 1983-2003.
14. EPPLEY, R. W. 1972. Temperature and phytoplankton growth in the sea. Fish. Bull. 70: 1063-1085.
15. ESTRADA, M. 1996. Primary production in the northwestern Mediterranean. Sci. Mar. 60: 55-64.
16. GENIN, A., B. LAZAR, AND S. BRENNER. 1995. Vertical mixing and coral death in the Red Sea following the eruption of Mount Pinatubo. Nature. 377: 507-510.
17. GILL, A. E. 1982. Atmosphere-ocean dynamics. Academic Press.
18. GOMEZ, F., AND OTHERS. 2000a. Microplankton distribution in the Strait of Gibraltar: Coupling between organisms and hydrodynamic structure. J. Plankton Res. 22: 603-617.
19. _, N. GONZALEZ, F. ECHEVARRIA, AND C. M. GARCIA. 2000b. Distribution and fluxes of dissolved nutrients in the Strait of Gibraltar and its relationships to microphytoplankton biomass. Estuarine Coastal Shelf Sci. 51: 439-449.
20. _, AND OTHERS. 2001. Small-scale temporal variations in biogeochemical features in the Strait of Gibraltar, Mediterranean side: The role of NACW and the interface oscillation. J. Mar. Syst. 30: 207-220.
21. KLINKER, J., Z. REISS, C. KROPACH, I. LEVANON, H. HARPAZ, AND Y. SHAPIRO. 1978. Nutrients and biomass distribution in the gulf of Aqaba (Elat), Red Sea. Mar. Biol. 45: 53-64.
22. KORPAL, T., B. LAZAR, AND J. EREZ. 1992. Fluxes of material and energy between coral reefs and the open sea. Environ. Sci. Res. 43: 517.
23. LETELIER, R. M., J. E. DORE, C. D. WINN, AND D. M. KARL. 1996. Seasonal and interannual variations in photosynthetic carbon assimilation at Station ALOHA. Deep-Sea Res. II 43: 467-490.
24. LEVANON-SPANIER, I., E. PADAN, AND Z. REISS. 1979. Primary production in a desert-enclosed sea: The Gulf of Elat (Aqaba), Red Sea. Deep-Sea Res. I 26: 673-686.
25. LI, H., M. J. W. VELDHUIS, AND A. F. POST. 1998. Alkaline phosphatase activities among planktonic communities in the northern Red Sea. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 173: 107-115.
26. LINDELL, D., AND A. F. POST. 1995. Ultraphytoplankton succession is triggered by deep winter mixing in the Gulf of Aqaba (Eilat), Red Sea. Limnol. Oceanogr. 40: 1130-1141.
27. MARAÑON, E., P. M. HOLLIGAN, M. VARELA, B. MOURIÑO, AND A. J. BALE. 2000. Basin-scale variability of phytoplankton biomass, production and growth in the Atlantic Ocean. Deep-Sea Res. I 47: 825-857.
28. MARTY, J., J. CHIAVERINI, M. PIZAY, AND B. AVRIL. 2002. Seasonal and interannual dynamics of nutrients and phytoplankton pigments in the western Mediterranean Sea at the DYFAMED time-series station (1991-1999). Deep-Sea Res. II 49: 1965-1985.
29. MOREL, A., AND J. M. ANDRE. 1991. Pigment distribution and primary production in the western Mediterranean as derived and modeled from Coastal Zone Color Scanner observations. J. Geophys. Res. 96: 12685-12698.
30. MURRAY, S. P., A. HECHT, AND A. BABCOCK. 1984. On the mean flow in the Tiran Strait in winter, J. Mar. Res. 42: 265-287.
31. NAPOLITANO, E., T. OGUZ, P. MALANOTTE-RIZZOLI, A. YILMAZ, AND E. SANSONE. 2000. Simulations of biological production in the Rhodes and Ionian basins of the eastern Mediterranean. J. Mar. Syst. 24: 277-298.
32. ONDRUSEK, M. E., R. R. BIDIGARE, S. T. SWEET, D. A. DEFREITAS, AND J. M. BROOKS. 1991. Distribution of phytoplankton pigments in the North Pacific Ocean in relation to physical and optical variability. Deep-Sea Res. I 38: 243-266.
33. _, K. WATERS, AND D. M. KARL. 2001. A predictive model for estimating rates of primary production in the subtropical North Pacific Ocean. Deep-Sea Res. II 48: 1837-1863.
34. PALDOR, N., AND D. A. ANATI. 1979. Seasonal variations of temperature and salinity in the Gulf of Elat (Aqaba). Deep-Sea Res. I 26: 661-672.
35. PEGAU, W. S., E. BOSS, AND A. MARTINEZ. 2002. Ocean color observations of eddies during the summer in the Gulf of California. Geophys. Res. Lett. 29: 1-3.
36. POST, A. F., AND OTHERS. 2002. Spatial and temporal distributions of Trichodesmium spp. in the stratified Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 239: 241-250.
37. _, M. VELDHUIS, AND D. LINDELL. 1996. Spatial and temporal distribution of ultraphytoplankton in the Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea. J. Phycol. (suppl.) 32: 38-39.
38. REISS, Z., AND L. HOTTINGER. 1984. The Gulf of Aqaba ecological paleontology. Springer.
39. RICHTER, C., M. WUNSCH, M. RASHEED, I. KOTTER, AND M. I. BADRAN. 2001. Endoscopic exploration of Red Sea coral reefs reveals dense populations of cavity-dwelling sponges. Nature 413: 726-730.
40. SHERMAN, F. S., J. IMBERGER, AND G. M. CORCOS. 1978. Turbulence and mixing in stably stratified waters. Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 10: 267-288.
41. SMITH, S. D. 1980. Wind stress and heat flux over the ocean in gale force winds. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 10: 709-726.
42. SOMMER, U. 2000. Scarcity of medium-sized phytoplankton in the northern Red Sea explained by strong bottom-up and weak top-down control. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 197: 19-25.
43. _, AND OTHERS. 2002. Grazing during early spring in the Gulf of Aqaba and the northern Red Sea. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 239: 251-261.
44. STEINBERG, D. K., C. A. CARLSON, N. R. BATES, R. J. JOHNSON, A. F. MICHAELS, AND A. H. KNAP. 2001. Overview of the US JGOFS Bermuda Atlantic Time-Series Study (BATS): A decade-scale look at ocean biology and biogeochemistry. Deep-Sea Res. II 48: 1405-1447.
45. SVERDRUP, H. U. 1953. On conditions for the vernal blooming of phytoplankton. J. Cons. Perm. Int. Explor. Mer. 18: 287-295.
46. TAGLIABUE, A., AND K. R. ARRIGO. 2003. Anomalously low zooplankton abundance in the Ross Sea: An alternative explanation. Limnol. Oceanogr. 48: 686-699.
47. WOLF-VECHT, A., N. PALDOR, AND S. BRENNER. 1992. Hydrographic indications of advection/convection effects in the Gulf of Elat. Deep-Sea Res. I 39: 1393-1401.
48. YAHEL, G., A. F. POST, K. FABRICIUS, D. MARIE, D. VAULOT, AND A. GENIN. 1998. Phytoplankton distribution and grazing near coral reefs. Limnol. Oceanogr. 43: 551-563.
49. ZIMMER, C. 2001. The partitioning of the Red Sea. Science 293: 627-628.