Text detection and recognition in images and video frames

Pattern Recognition

Volumn 37, Issue 3, 2004, Pages 595-608

  Chen, Datong ^a   Odobez, Jean Marc ^a   Bourlard, Hervé ^a  

^a IDIAP RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

MRF; SVM; Text localization; Text recognition; Text segmentation; Video OCR

Indexed keywords

ALGORITHMS; IMAGE ANALYSIS; IMAGE CODING; TEXT PROCESSING;

BROADCAST DOCUMENTS; MACHINE LEARNING TEXT VERIFICATION;

FEATURE EXTRACTION;

PATTERN RECOGNITION;

EID: 0347478105     PISSN: 00313203     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.patcog.2003.06.001     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Swain M. Ballard H. Color indexing Int. J. Comput. Vision 7 1991 11-32
2. Manjunath B. Ma W. Texture features for browsing and retrieval of image data IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 18 8 1996 837-842
3. F. Mokhtarian, S. Abbasi, J. Kittler, Robust and efficient shape indexing through curvature scale space, in: British Machine Vision Conference, 1996, pp. 9-12.
4. D. Chen, H. Bourlard, J.-P. Thiran, Text identification in complex background using SVM, in: International Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, 2001, pp. 621-626.
5. Srihari R.K. Zhang Z. Rao A. Intelligent indexing and semantic retrieval of multimodal documents Inf. Retri. 2 2/3 2000 245-275
6. R. Lienhart, Automatic text recognition in digital videos, in: Proceedings SPIE, Image and Video Processing IV, 1996, pp. 2666-2675.
7. K. Sobottka, H. Bunke, H. Kronenberg, Identification of text on colored book and journal covers, in: International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition, 1999, pp. 57-63.
8. Zhong Y. Karu K. Jain A.K. Locating text in complex color images Pattern Recognition 10 28 1995 1523-1536
9. V. Wu, R. Manmatha, E.M. Riseman, Finding text in images, in: Proceedings of ACM International Conference on Digital Libraries, 1997, pp. 23-26.
10. H. Li, D. Doermann, Text enhancement in digital video using multiple frame integration, in: ACM Multimedia, 1999, pp. 385-395.
11. C. Garcia, X. Apostolidis, Text detection and segmentation in complex color images, in: International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, 2000, pp. 2326-2329.
12. Geman S. Geman D. Stochastic relaxation, Gibbs distributions and the Bayesian restoration of images PAMI 6 6 1984 721-741
13. Chalmond B. Image restoration using an estimated Markov model Signal Process. 15 2 1988 115-129
14. M.A. Smith, T. Kanade, Video skimming for quick browsing based on audio and image characterization, Technical Report CMU-CS-95-186, Carnegie Mellon University, July 1995.
15. Lienhart R. Wernicke A. Localizing and segmenting text in images and videos IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol. 12 4 2002 256-268
16. H. Kamada, K. Fujimoto, High-speed, high-accuracy binarization method for recognizing text in images of low spatial resolutions, in: International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition, 1999, pp. 139-142.
17. O. Hori, A video text extraction method for character recognition, in: International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition, 1999, pp. 25-28.
18. T. Sato, T. Kanade, E.K. Hughes, M.A. Smith, Video OCR for digital news archives, in: IEEE Workshop on Content Based Access of Image and Video Databases, Bombay, 1998, pp. 52-60.
19. D. Chen, K. Shearer, H. Bourlard, Text enhancement with asymmetric filter for video OCR, in: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Image Analysis and Processing, 2001, pp. 192-198.
20. Canny J.F. A computational approach to edge detection IEEE Trans. on Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 8 1 1986 679-698
21. Vapnik V. Statistical Learning Theory 1998 Wiley New York
22. J. Toriwaki, S. Yokoi, Distance transformations and skeletons of digitized pictures with applications, Pattern Recognition (1981) 187-264.
23. Feig E. Winograd S. Fast algorithms for the discrete cosine transform IEEE Trans. Signal Process. 40 28 1992 2174-2193
24. Schölkopf B. Sung K. Burges C. Girosi F. Niyogi P. Poggio T. Vapnik V. Comparing support vector machines with gaussian kernels to radial basis functions classifiers IEEE Trans. Signal Process. 45 11 1997 2758-2765
25. Collobert R. Bengio S. Bengio Y. A parallel mixture of svms for very large scale problems Neural Comput. 14 5 2002 1105-1114
26. Dempster A. Laird N. Rubin D. Maximum-likelihood from incomplete data via the em algorithm R. Stat. Soc. B-39 1977 1-38
27. Otsu N. A threshold selection method from gray-level histograms IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. 1 9 1979 62-66
28. Rousseeuw P. Least median of squares regression Am. Stat. Assoc. 79 388 1984 871-880
29. Katz S. Estimation of probabilities from sparse data for the language model component of a speech recognizer IEEE Trans. Acoust. Speech Signal Process. 35 1987 400-401
30. D. Chen, J.-M. Odobez, A new method of contrast normalization for text verification in complex backgrounds, IDIAP-RR-02 16, IDIAP, April 08, 2002.