Anatomy of the SMAS Revisited

Aesthetic Plastic Surgery

Volumn 27, Issue 4, 2003, Pages 258-264

  Ghassemi, Alireza ^a,b   Prescher, Andreas ^a   Riediger, Dieter ^a   Axer, Hubertus ^a  

^a Universitatsklinikum der RWTH Aachen ^*

^b UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL RWTH AACHEN   (Germany)

Author keywords

Collagen; Cosmetic surgery; Fiber architecture; Superficial musculoaponeurotic system

Indexed keywords

COLLAGEN FIBER;

ADIPOCYTE; AGED; APONEUROSIS; ARTICLE; CADAVER; CLINICAL ARTICLE; DERMIS; ELASTIC FIBER; ESTHETIC SURGERY; FACE MUSCLE; FEMALE; FOREHEAD; HUMAN; HUMAN TISSUE; LOWER LIP; MALE; MICROSCOPY; ORBIT; PAROTID REGION; PHILTRUM; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REJUVENATION; SUPERFICIAL MUSCULOAPONEUROTIC SYSTEM; ZYGOMA;

ADIPOSE TISSUE; CADAVER; DISSECTION; FACE; FACIAL MUSCLES; FASCIA; HUMANS;

EID: 0347285444     PISSN: 0364216X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00266-003-3065-3     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. Adamson JE, Toksu AE: Progress in rhytidectomy by platysma SMAS rotation and elevation. Plast Reconstr Surg 68:23-33, 1981
2. Axer H, Keyserlingk DGv, Prescher A: Collagen fibers in linea alba and rectus sheaths: I. General scheme and morphological aspects. J Surg Res 96:127-134, 2001
3. Axer H, Keyserlingk DGv, Prescher A: Collagen fibers in linea alba and rectus sheaths: II. Variability and biomechanical aspects. J Surg Res 96:239-245, 2001
4. Baker DC, Conley J: Avoiding facial nerve injuries in rhytidectomy. Anatomical variations and pitfalls. Plast Reconstr Surg 64:781-795, 1979
5. Baker SR: Triplane rhytidectomy. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 123:1167-1172, 1997
6. Campiglio GL, Candiani P: Anatomical study on the temporal fascial layers and their relationship with the facial nerve. Aesth Plast Surg 21:69-74, 1997
7. Fuleihan NS: The nasolabial fold and the SMAS. Plast Reconstr Surg 94:1091-1093, 1994
8. Gosain AK, Yousif NJ, Madiedo G, Larson DL, Matloub HS, Sanger JR: Surgical anatomy of the SMAS: a reinvestigation. Plast Reconstr Surg 92:1254-1263, 1993
9. Gray H: Anatomy of the human body, 25th ed. Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia, p 352, 1949
10. Hamra ST: The deep-plane rhytidectomy. Plast Reconstr Surg 86:53-61, 1990
11. Hamra ST: Composite rhytidectomy. Plast Reconstr Surg 90:1-13, 1992
12. Har-Shai Y, Bodner SR, Egozy-Golan D, Lindenbaum ES, Ben-Izhak O, Mitz V, Hirshowitz B: Mechanical properties and microstructure of the superficial musculoaponeurotic system. Plast Reconstr Surg 98:59-70, 1996
13. Har-Shai Y, Bodner SR, Egozy-Golan D, Lindenbaum ES, Ben-Izhak O, Mitz V, Hirshowitz B: Viscoelastic properties of the superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS): a microscopic and mechanical study. Aesth Plast Surg 21:219-224, 1997
14. Hönig JF: Concepts of face-lifting. State of the art. Mund Kiefer Gesichts Chir 1Suppl 1:S21-S26, 1997
15. Jost G, Levet Y: Parotid fascia and face lifting: a critical evaluation of the SMAS concept. Plast Reconstr Surg 74:42-51, 1984
16. Junqueira LCU, Bignolas G, Brentani RR: Picrosirius: Staining plus polarization microscopy, a specific method for collagen detection in tissue sections. Histochem J 11:447-455, 1979
17. Mendelson BC: Correction of the nasolabial fold: Extended SMAS dissection with periosteal fixation. Plast Reconstr Surg 89:822-833, 1992
18. Mitz V, Peyronie M: The superficial musculo-aponeurotic system (SMAS) in the parotid and cheek area. Plast Reconstr Surg 58:80-88, 1976
19. Moss CJ, Mendelson BC, Taylor GI: Surgical anatomy of the ligamentous attachments in the temple and periorbital regions. Plast Reconstr Surg 105:1475-1490, 2000
20. Owsley JQ: SMAS-platysma face lift. Plast Reconstr Surg 71:573-576, 1983
21. Pensler JM, Ward JW, Parry SW: The superficial musculoaponeurotic system in the upper lip: An anatomic study in cadavers. Plast Reconstr Surg 75:488-494, 1985
22. Psillakis JM, Rumley TO, Camargos A: Subperiosteal approach as an improved concept for correction of the aging face. Plast Reconstr Surg 82:383-394, 1988
23. Schuster RH, Gamble WB, Hamra ST, Manson PN: A comparison of flap vascular anatomy in three rhytidectomy techniques. Plast Reconstr Surg 95:683-690, 1995
24. Stuzin JM, Baker TJ, Gordon HL: The relationship of the superficial and deep facial fascias: relevance to rhytidectomy and aging. Plast Reconstr Surg 89:441-449, 1992
25. Stuzin JM, Wagstrom L, Kawamoto HK, Wolfe SA: Anatomy of the frontal branch of the facial nerve: the significance of the temporal fat pad. Plast Reconstr Surg 83:265-271, 1989
26. Teimourian B, Delia S, Wahrman A: The multiplane face lift. Plast Reconstr Surg 93:78-85, 1994
27. Thaller SR, Kim S, Patterson H, Wildman M, Daniller A: The submuscular aponeurotic system (SMAS): a histologic and comparative anatomy evaluation. Plast Reconstr Surg 86:690-696, 1990
28. Whetzel TP, Stevenson TR: The contribution of the SMAS to the blood supply in the lateral face lift flap. Plast Reconstr Surg 100:1011-1018, 1997
29. Yousif NJ, Gosain A, Matloub HS, Sanger JR, Madiedo G, Larson DL: The nasolabial fold: An anatomic and histologic reappraisal. Plast Reconstr Surg 93:60-69, 1994