Is the Fluoride Concentration Limit of 1,500 ppm in Cosmetics (EU Guideline) Still Up-to-Date?

Caries Research

Volumn 35, Issue 1 SUPPL. 1, 2001, Pages 22-25

  Bloch Zupan, Agnès ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITÉ DE STRASBOURG   (France)

^b UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Caries, dental; Fluorides; Toxicity

Indexed keywords

ANTICARIES AGENT; COSMETIC; FLUORIDE; TOOTHPASTE;

ARTICLE; CHILD; DENTAL CARIES; DOSE RESPONSE; DRUG LEGISLATION; EUROPE; EUROPEAN UNION; HUMAN; PRESCHOOL CHILD; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTOR; STANDARD; TOOTH DISEASE;

CARIOSTATIC AGENTS; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; COSMETICS; DENTAL CARIES; DENTAL CARIES SUSCEPTIBILITY; DENTIFRICES; DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP, DRUG; EUROPE; EUROPEAN UNION; FLUORIDES; FLUOROSIS, DENTAL; HUMANS; LEGISLATION, DRUG; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTORS;

EID: 0347239773     PISSN: 00086568     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1159/000049105     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Axelsson P: New ideas and advancing technology in prevention and non-surgical treatment of periodontal disease. Int Dent J 1993;43:223-238.
2. Axelsson P: Other caries-preventive factors; in Axelsson P (ed): An Introduction to Risk Prediction and Preventive Dentistry. Chicago, Quintessence, 1999. vol 1, pp 77-103.
3. Benesty P, Fortier JP, Aldin P: Intérêts et risques des dentifrices fluorés chez le jeune enfant. CDF 1999;931:41-47.
4. Bloch-Zupan A: Les dentifrices fluorés; in GABA (ed): Carioprophylaxie, analyse critique des spécificités de l'Olafluor. Boulogne, Laboratoires GABA, 1999, pp 91-110.
5. Bruun C, Givskov H, Thylstrup A: Whole saliva fluoride after toothbrushing with NaF and MFP dentifrices with different F concentrations. Caries Res 1984;18:282-288.
6. Castioni NV: Fluorides and dental caries prophylaxis: Update. Rev Med Suisse Romande 1998; 118:3-6.
7. Castioni NV, Baehni PC, Gurny R: Current status in oral fluoride pharmacokinetics and implications for the prophylaxis against dental caries. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 1998;45:101-111.
8. ten Cate JM, van Loveren C: Fluoride mechanisms. Dent Clin North Am 1999;43:713-742.
9. Declerck D: Fluoride dentifrices. Rev Belge Med Dent 1998;53:269-277.
10. Duckworth RM, Morgan SN: Oral fluoride retention after use of fluoride dentifrices. Caries Res 1991;25:123-129.
11. European Cosmetic Toiletry and Perfumery Association (COLIPA): The Cosmetics Directive of the European Union; in Dupuis J (ed): Dir.76/ 768/EEC, 1995.
12. Evans RW, Darvell BW: Refining the estimate of the critical period for susceptibility to enamel fluorosis in human maxillary central incisors. J Public Health Dent 1995;55:238-249.
13. Evans RW, Stamm JW: An epidemiologic estimate of the critical period during which human maxillary central incisors are most susceptible to fluorosis. J Public Health Dent 1991;51:251-259.
14. Featherstone JD: Prevention and reversal of dental caries: Role of low level fluoride. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 1999;27:31-40.
15. Fejerskov O, Baelum V, Richards A: Dose-response and dental fluorosis; in Fejerskov O, Ekstrand J, Burt BA (eds): Fluoride in Dentistry. Copenhagen, Munksgaard Textbook, 1996, pp 153-166.
16. Fejerskov O, Clarkson BH: Dynamics of caries lesion formation; in Fejerskov O, Ekstrand J, Burt BA (eds): Fluoride in Dentistry. Copenhagen, Munksgaard Textbook, 1996, pp 187-213.
17. Fomon SJ, Ekstrand J: Fluoride intake; in Fejerskov O, Ekstrand J, Burt BA (eds): Fluoride in Dentistry. Copenhagen, Munksgaard Textbook, 1996, pp 40-52.
18. Forsman B: Early supply of fluoride and enamel fluorosis. Scand J Dent Res 1977;85:22-30.
19. Jenkins GN: Review of fluoride research since 1959. Arch Oral Biol 1999;44:985-992.
20. Koulourides T, Phantumvanit P, Munksgaard EC, Housch T: An intraoral model used for studies of fluoride incorporation in enamel. J Oral Pathol 1974;3:185-196.
21. Mandel ID: The new toothpastes. J Calif Dent Assoc 1998;26:186-190.
22. Margolis HC, Moreno EC: Physicochemical perspectives on the cariostatic mechanisms of systemic and topical fluorides. J Dent Res 1990; 69(spec No):606-613, 634-636.
23. Mellberg JR: Fluoride dentifrices: Current status and prospects. Int Dent J 1991;41:9-16.
24. Oulis C, Raadal M, Martens L: Guidelines on the use of fluoride in children: An EAPD policy document. Eur J Paediatr Dent 2000;1:7-12.
25. Richards A, Banting DW: Fluoride toothpastes; in Fejerskov O, Ekstrand J, Burt BA (eds): Fluoride in Dentistry. Copenhagen, Munksgaard Textbook, 1996, pp 187-213.
26. Sanchez OM, Childers NK: Anticipatory guidance in infant oral health: Rationale and recommendations. Am Fam Physician 2000;61:115-120, 123-124.
27. Stephen KW: Fluoride toothpastes, rinses, and tablets. Adv Dent Res 1994;8:185-189.
28. Tabchoury CM, Holt T, Pearson SK, Bowen WH: The effects of fluoride concentration and the level of cariogenic challenge on caries development in desalivated rats. Arch Oral Biol 1998; 43:917-924.
29. Warren JJ, Kanellis MJ, Levy SM: Fluorosis of the primary dentition: What does it mean for permanent teeth? J Am Dent Assoc 1999;130: 347-356.
30. Warren JJ, Levy SM: A review of fluoride dentifrice related to dental fluorosis. Pediatr Dent 1999a;21:265-271.
31. Warren JJ, Levy SM: Systemic fluoride. Sources, amounts, and effects of ingestion. Dent Clin North Am 1999b;43:695-711.
32. Whitford GM, Thomas JE, Adair SM: Fluoride in whole saliva, parotid ductal saliva and plasma in children. Arch Oral Biol 1999;44:785-788.