Children's Control, Learning, and Performance of Motor Skills

Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport

Volumn 71, Issue 1, 2000, Pages 1-9

  Thomas, Jerry R ^a  

^a IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Motor development; Skill acquisition

Indexed keywords

EID: 0347114711     PISSN: 02701367     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (61)

1. Abernethy, B., Thomas, K. T., & Thomas, J. R. (1993). Strategies for improving understanding of motor expertise (Or mistakes we have made and things we have learned!!). In J. L. Starkes & F. Allard (Eds.), Cognitive issues in motor expertise (pp. 317-356. Amsterdam: Elsevier Publishing (Advances in Psychology Series).
2. Chi, M. T. H., & Glaser, R. (1980). The measurement of expertise: Analysis of the development of knowledge and skill as a basis for assessing achievement. In E. L. Baker & E. S. Quellmely (Eds.), Educational testing and evaluation (pp. 37-47). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
3. Dayan, A., & Thomas, J. R. (1994). Intention to remember spatial location in movement: Developmental considerations. Human Performance, 7, 37-53.
4. Dayan, A., & Thomas, J. R. (1995). Development of automatic and effortful processes in memory for spatial location of movement. Human Performance, 8, 51-66.
5. Ericsson, K.A. (1998). Why federal agencies should fund the scientific studies of expert performance in sports. NASPSPA Newsletter, 23(2), 3-6.
6. Espenschade, A., & Eckert, H. M. (1967). Motor development. Columbus, OH: Merrill.
7. Fitts, P.M. (1954). The information capacity of the human motor system in controlling the amplitude of movement. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 47, 381-391.
8. French, K. E., Nevett, M. E., Spurgeon, J. H., Graham, K. C., Rink, J. E., & McPherson, S. L. (1996). Knowledge and problem solution in youth baseball. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 67, 386-395.
9. French, K. E., Spurgeon, J. H., & Nevett, M. E. (1995). Expert-novice differences in cognitive and skill execution components of youth baseball performance. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 66, 194-201.
10. French, K. E., & Thomas, J. R. (1987). The relation of knowledge development to children's basketball performance. Journal of Sport Psychology, 9, 15-32.
11. Gallagher, J. D., French, K. E., Thomas, K. T., & Thomas, J. R. (1996). Expertise in youth sport: Relations between knowledge and skill. In F. L. Smoll & R. E. Smith (Eds.), Children and youth in sport: A biopsychosocial perspective (pp. 338-358). Dubuque, IA: Brown and Benchmark.
12. Gallagher, J. D., & Thomas, J. R. (1980). Effects of varying post-KR intervals upon children's motor performance. Journal of Motor Behavior, 12, 41-46.
13. Gallagher, J. D., & Thomas, J. R. (1984). Rehearsal strategy effects on developmental differences for recall of a movement series. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 55, 123-128.
14. Gallagher, J. D. & Thomas, J. R. (1986). Developmental effects of grouping and recoding on learning a movement series. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 57, 117-127.
15. Gerson, R. F., & Thomas, J. R. (1977). Schema theory and practice variability within a neo-Piagetian framework. Journal of Motor Behavior, 9, 127-134.
16. Gerson, R. F., & Thomas, J. R. (1978). A neo-Piagetian investigation of the serial position effect in children's motor learning. Journal of Motor Behavior, 10, 95-104.
17. Hasher, L., & Zacks, R. T. (1979). Automatic and effortful processes in memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 108, 356-388.
18. Hay, L. (1981). The effect of amplitude and accuracy requirements on movement time in children. Journal of Motor Behavior, 13, 177-186.
19. Humphries, C. A., & Thomas, J. R. (1991). Developmental differences in reaction times under varying conditions. Perceptual & Motor Skills, 73, 38.
20. McPherson, S. L. (1993). The influence of player experience on problem solving during batting preparation in baseball. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 15, 304-325.
21. McPherson, S. L. (1994). The development of sport expertise: Mapping the tactical domain. Quest, 46, 223-240.
22. McPherson, S. L. (1999). Tactical differences in problem representations and solutions in collegiate varsity and beginner women tennis players. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 4, 369-384.
23. McPherson, S. L., & Thomas, J. R. (1989). Relation of knowledge and performance in boys' tennis: Age and expertise. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 48, 190-211.
24. Meyer, D. E., Abrams, R. A., Kornblum, S., Wright, C. E., & Smith, J. E. K. (1988). Optimality in human motor performance: Ideal control of rapid aimed movements. Psychological Review, 95, 340-370.
25. Nelson, K. R., Thomas, J. R., & Nelson, J. K. (1991). Longitudinal changes in throwing performance: Gender differences. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 62, 105-108.
26. Nelson, J. K., Thomas, J. R., Nelson, K. R., & Abraham, P. C. 1986). Gender differences in children's throwing performance: Biology and environment. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 57, 280-287.
27. Nevett, M. E., & French, K. E. (1997). The development of sport-specific planning, rehearsal, and updating of plans during defensive youth baseball game performance. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 68, 203-214.
28. Pascual-Leone, J. (1970). A mathematical model for the transition rule in Piaget's developmental stages. Acta Psychologica, 32, 301-345.
29. Plamondon, R., & Alimi, A. M. (1997). Speed/accuracy trade-offs in target-directed movements. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 20, 279-303.
30. Ransdell, L. B., & Wells, C. L. (1999). Sex differences in athletic performance. Women in Sport and Physical Activity Journal, 8, 55-81.
31. Stelmach, G. E., & Thomas, J. R. (1997). What's different in the speed/accuracy trade-off in young and elderly subjects? Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 20, 321.
32. Thomas, J. R. (Ed.) (1977). Youth sport guide for coaches and parents. Reston, VA: American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Dance.
33. Thomas, J. R. (1980). Acquisition of motor skills: Information processing differences between children and adults. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 51, 158-173.
34. Thomas, J. R. (1997). Motor behavior. In J. D. Massengale & R. A. Swanson (Eds.), The history of exercise and sport science (pp. 203-292). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
35. Thomas, J. R., & Bender, P. R. (1977). A developmental explanation for children's motor behavior: A neo-Piagetian interpretation. Journal of Motor Behavior, 9, 81-93.
36. Thomas, J. R., & Fortson, M. P. (1975). Experimenter effects on children's motor performance. Journal of Motor Behavior, 7, 65-72.
37. Thomas, J. R., & French, K. E. (1985). Gender differences across age in motor performance: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 98, 260-282.
38. Thomas, J. R., French, K. E., & Humphries, C. A. (1986). Knowledge development and sport skill performance: Directions for motor behavior research. Journal of Sport Psychology, 8, 259-272.
39. Thomas, J. R., Gallagher, J. D., & Purvis, G. J. (1981). Reaction time and anticipation time: Effects of development. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 52, 359-367.
40. Thomas, J. R., & Marzke, M. (1992). The development of gender differences in throwing: Is human evolution a factor? In R. Christina & H. Eckert (Eds.), The Academy Papers -Enhancing human performance in sport: New concepts and developments. (Vol. 25). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
41. Thomas, J. R., Michael, D., & Gallagher, J. D. (1994). Effects of training on gender differences in overhand throwing: A brief quantitative literature review. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 65, 67-71.
42. Thomas, J. R., Mitchell, B., & Solmon, M. (1979). Precision knowledge of results and motor performance: Relationship to age. Research Quarterly, 50, 687-698.
43. Thomas, J. R., & Moon, D. M. (1976). Measuring motor rhythmic ability in children. Research Quarterly, 47, 20-32.
44. Thomas, J. R., & Nelson, J. K. (1996). Research methods in physical activity (3rd ed.). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
45. Thomas, J. R., Nelson, J. K., & Church, G. (1991). A developmental analysis of gender differences in health related physical fitness. Pediatric Exercise Science, 3, 28-42.
46. Thomas, J. R., Pierce, C., & Ridsdale, S. (1977). Age differences in children's ability to model motor behavior. Research Quarterly, 48, 592-597.
47. Thomas, J. R., & Stratton, R. K. (1977). Effect of divided attention on children's rhythmic response. Research Quarterly, 48, 428-435.
48. Thomas, J. R., & Thomas, K. T. (1988). Development of gender differences in physical activity. Quest, 40, 219-229.
49. Thomas, J. R., Thomas, K. T. & Gallagher, J. D. (1993). Developmental considerations in skill acquisition. In R. N. Singer, M. Murphey, & L. K. Tennant (Eds.), Handbook on Research in Sport Psychology (pp. 73-105). New York: Macmillan.
50. Thomas, J. R., Thomas, K. T., Lee, A. M., Testerman, E., & Ashy, M. (1983). Age differences in use of strategy for recall of movement in a large-scale environment. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 54, 264-272.
51. Thomas, J. R., Van, J. H., & Stelmach, G. E. (in press). Movement substructures change as a function of practice in children and adults. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology.
52. Thomas, K. T., & Thomas, J. R. (1987). Perceptual development and its differential influence on limb positioning under two movement conditions in children. Advances in Motor Development Research, 1, 83-96.
53. Thomas, K. T., & Thomas, J. R. (1994). Developing expertise in sport: The relation of knowledge and performance. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 25, 295-312.
54. Thomas, K. T., & Thomas, J. R. (1999). What "squirrels in the trees" predicts about expert athletes. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 30, 221-234.
55. Wallace, S. E., Newell, K. M., & Wade, M. G. (1978). Decision and response time as a function of movement difficulty in preschool children. Child Development, 49, 509-512.
56. Winther, K. T., & Thomas, J. R. (1981). Developmental differences in children's labeling of movement. Journal of Motor Behavior, 13, 77-90.
57. Yan, J. H., Hinrichs, R. N., Payne, V. G., & Thomas, J. R. (in press). Normalized jerk: A measure to capture developmental characteristics of young girls' overarm throwing. Journal of Applied Biomechanics.
58. Yan, J. H., Payne, V. G., & Thomas, J. R. (in press). Developmental kinematics of young females' overarm throwing. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport.
59. Yan, J. H., Thomas, J. R., & Downing, J. H. (1998). Locomotion improves children's spatial search: A meta-analytic review. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 87, 67-82.
60. Yan, J. H., Thomas, J. R., Stelmach, G. E., & Thomas, K. T. (in press). Developmental features of rapid aiming arm movements across the lifespan. Journal of Motor Behavior.
61. Yan, J. H., Thomas, J. R., & Thomas, K. T. (1998). Children's age moderates the effect of practice variability: A quantitative review. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 69, 210-215.