Population genetics of nodule bacteria

Zhurnal Obshchei Biologii

Volumn 61, Issue 3, 2000, Pages 249-256

  Provorov, N A ^a  

^a ALL RUSSIA RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR AGRICULTURAL MICROBIOLOGY   (Russian Federation)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS); BORDETELLA; BORRELIA; BRADYRHIZOBIUM; ENTEROBACTERIA; ENTEROBACTERIACEAE; ESCHERICHIA; HAEMOPHILUS; LISTERIA; MYCOBACTERIUM; NEISSERIA; RHIZOBIACEAE; RHIZOBIUM; SALMONELLA; SHIGELLA; STAPHYLOCOCCUS;

EID: 0347075069     PISSN: 00444596     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (178)

1. Alt-Morbe J., Stryker J.L., Faqua C., Li P.L., Farrand S.K., Winans S.C. The conjugal transfer system of Agrobacterium tumefaciens octopine-type Ti plasmids is closely related to the transfer system of an IncP plasmid and distantly related to Ti plasmid vir genes // J. Bacter. 1996. V. 178. P. 4248-4257.
2. Amarger N., Lobreau J.P. Quantitative study of nodulation competitiveness in Rhizobium strains // Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 1982. V. 44. P. 583-588.
3. 2 fixation between Medicago sativa L. and Rhizobium meliloti // Plant and Soil. 1984. V. 82. P. 303-314.
4. Baumler A.J., Gilde A.J., Tsolis R.M., Velden A.W.M. van der, Ahmer B.M.M., Heffron F. Contribution of horizontal gene transfer and deletion events to development of distinctive patterns of fimbrial operons during evolution of Salmonella serotypes // J. Bacter. 1997. V. 179. P. 317-322.
5. Beattie C.A., Clayton M.K., Handelsman J. Quantitative comparison of the laboratory and field competitiveness of Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar phaseoli // Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 1989. V. 55. P. 2755-2761.
6. Belanger C., Canfield M.L., Moore L.W., Dion P. Genetic analysis of non-pathogenic Agrobacterium tumefaciens mutants arising in crown gall tumors // J. Bacter. 1995. V. 177. P. 3752-3757.
7. Bellato C., Krishnan H.P., Cubo T., Temprano F., Pueppke S.G. The soybean cultivar specificity gene nolX is present, expressed in nodD-dependent manner and of symbiotic significance in cultivar non-specific strains of Rhizobium (Sinorhizobium) fredii // Microbiol. 1997. V. 143. P. 1381-1388.
8. Beltran P., Musser J.M., Helmuth R., Farmer J.J., Frerichs W.M., Wachsmuth I.K., Ferris K., McWhorter A.C., Wells J.G., Cravioto A., Selander R.K. Towards a population genetic analysis of Salmonella genetic diversity and relationships among strains of serotypes S. choleraesuis, S. derby, S. dublin, S. enterotidis, S. heidelberg, S. infantis, S. newport, S. typhimurium // Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 1988. V. 85. P. 7753-7757.
9. Bennett P.M., Linton A.H., Do plasmids influence the survival of bacteria? // J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 1986. V. 18. P. 123-126.
10. Bergersen F.J., Brockwell J., Gibson A.H., Schwinghamer E.A. Studies of natural populations and mutants of Rhizobium in the improvement of the legume inoculation // Plant and Soil. 1971. Spec. Vol. P. 3-16.
11. Bottomley P.J., Cheng H.H., Strain S.R. Genetic structure and symbiotic characteristics of a Bradyrhizobium populations recovered from a pasture soil // Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 1994. V. 60. P. 1754-1761.
12. Brewin N.J., Beringer J.E., Buchanan-Wollaston A.V., Johnston A.W.B., Hirsch P.R. Transfer of symbiotic genes with bacteriocinogenic plasmids in Rhizobium leguminosarum // J. Gen. Microbiol. 1980. V. 116. P. 261-270.
13. Brewin N.J., Wood E.A., Young J.P.W. Contribution of the symbiotic plasmid to the competitiveness of Rhizobium leguminosarum // J. Gen. Microbiol. 1983. V. 129. P. 2973-2977.
14. Bridges B.A. Hypermutation under stress // Nature. 1997. V. 387. No 6633. P. 557-558.
15. Brockman F.J., Bezdicek D.F. Diversity within serogroups of Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar viceae in the Palouse region of Eastern Washington as indicated by plasmid profiles, intrinsic antibiotic resistance and topography // Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 1989. V. 55. P. 109-115.
16. Bromfield E.S.P., Barran L.R. Promiscuous nodulation of Phaseolus vulgaris, Macroptilium atropurpureum and Leucaena leucocephala by indigenous Rhizobium meliloti // Canad. J. Microbiol. 1990. V. 36. P. 369-372.
17. Bromfield E.S.P., Sinha I.B., Wolynetz M.S. Influence of location, host cultivar and inoculation on the compositon of naturalized populations of Rhizobium meliloti in Medicago sativa nodules // Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 1986. V. 51. P. 1077-1084.
18. Broughtom W.J., Heycke N., Priefer U., Schneider G.M., Stanley J. Ecological genetics of Rhizobium meliloti: diversity and competitive dominance // FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 1987a. V. 40. P. 245-249.
19. Broughton W.J., Samrey U., Stanley J. Ecological genetics of Rhizobium meliloti: symbiotic plasmid transfer in the Medicago sativa rhizosphere // FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 1987b. V. 40. P. 251-255.
20. Brown A.H.D. Enzyme polymorphism in plant populations // Theoret. Popul. Biol. 1979. V. 15. P. 1-42.
21. Brown A.H.D., Feldman M.W. Population structure of multilocus associations // Proc. Natl. Acad Sci. USA. 1981. V. 78. P. 5913-5916.
22. Brunel B., Rome S., Ziani R., Cleyet-Marel J.C. Comparison of nucleotide diversity and symbiotic properties of Rhizobium meliloti populations from annual Medicago species // FEMS Microb. Ecol. 1996. V. 193 P. 71-82.
23. Caugant D.A., Levin B.B., Selander R.K. Genetic diversity and temporial variation in the E. coli population of a human host // Genetics. 1981. V. 98. P. 467-490.
24. Dadarwal K.R., Prabha S., Tauro P., Subba Rao N.S. Serology and host range infectivity of "cowpea group"" rhizobia // Indian J. Exper. Biol. 1977. V. 15. P. 462-465.
25. Darlington P.J. Altruism: its characteristics and evolution // Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 1978. V. 75. P. 385-389.
26. Damery J.T., Alexander M. Physiological differences between effective and ineffective strains of Rhizobium // Soil Sci. 1969. V. 108. P. 209-216.
27. De Bruijn F.J. Use of repetitive (repetitive extragenic palindromic and extrabacterial repetitive intergenomic consensus) sequences and the polymerase chain reaction to fingerprint the genomes of Rhizobium meliloti isolates and other soil bacteria // Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 1992. V. 58. P. 2180-2187.
28. Demezas D.H., Reardon T.B., Watson J.M., Gibson A.H. Genetic diversity among Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii strains revealed by allozyme and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis // Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 1991. V. 57. P. 3489-3495.
29. Doolittle W.F. Selfish DNA after fourteen months // Genome Evolution / Eds Dover G.A., Flavell R.B. L.: Acad. Press, 1982. P. 3-28.
30. Dowling D.N., Stanley J., Broughton W.J. Competitive nodulation blocking of Afghanistan pea is determined by nodDABC and nodEF alleles in Rhizobium leguminosarum // Mol. Gen. Genet. 1989. V. 216. P. 170-174.
31. Dye M., Skot L., Mytton L.R., Harrison S.P., Dooley J.J., Cresswell A. A study of Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar trifolii populations from soil extracts using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA profiles // Canad. J. Microbiol. 1995. V. 41. P. 336-344.
32. Eardly B.D., Materon L.A., Smith N.H., Johnson D.A., Rumbaugh M.D., Selander R.K. Genetic structure of natural populations of nitrogen-fixing bacterium Rhizobium meliloti // Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 1990. V. 56. P. 187-194.
33. Eardly B.D., Wang F.S., Whittam T.S., Selander R.K. Species limits in Rhizobium populations that nodulate common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) // Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 1995. V. 61. P. 507-512.
34. Eberhard W.G. Evolution of bacterial plasmids and levels of selection // Quart. Rev. Biol. 1990. V. 65. P. 3-22.
35. Elliot R.M., Lowther W.L., Ronson C.W. Interaction between rhizobia nodulating Trifolium ambiguum and T. repens in the field // Biological Nitrogen Fixation for 21th Century // Eds Elmerich C., Kondorosi A., Newton W.E. Dordrecht; Boston; London: Kluwer Acad. Publ., 1998. P. 530.
36. Elmerich C., Kondorosi A., Newton W.E. (eds). Biological Nitrogen Fixation for the 21th Century. Dordrecht; Boston; London: Kluwer Acad. Publ., 1998. 708 p.
37. Engvild K.C., Jensen E.S., Skot L. Parallel variation in izozyme and nitrogen fixation markers in a Rhizobium population // Plant and Soil. 1990. V. 128. P. 283-286.
38. Faqua W.C., Winans S.C. A luxR-luxI type regulatory system activates Agrobacterium Ti plasmid conjugal transfer in the presence of a plant tumor metabolite // J. Bacter. 1994. V. 176. P. 2796-2806.
39. Fenton M., Jarvis B.D.W. Expression of the symbiotic plasmid from Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar trifolii in Sphingobacterium multivorum // Canad. J. Microbiol. 1994. V. 40. P. 873-879.
40. Fesenko A.N., Provorov N.A., Orlova I.F., Orlov V.P., Simarov B.V. Selection of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viceae strains for inoculation of Pisum sativum cultivars: analysis of symbiotic efficiency and nodulation competitiveness // Plant and Soil. 1995. V. 172. P. 189-198.
41. Fisher H.M. Genetic regulation of nitrogen fixation in rhizobia // Microbiol. Rev. 1994. V. 58. P. 352-386.
42. Franco A.A., Vincent J.M. Competition amongst rhizobial strains for the colonization and nodulation of two tropical legumes // Plant and Soil. 1976. V. 45. P. 27-48.
43. Frank S.A. Host-symbiont conflict over the mixing of symbiotic lineages // Proc. Roy. Soc. London. B. 1996. V. 263. P. 339-344.
44. Frank S.A. Models of symbiosis // Amer. Naturalist. 1997. V. 150. Suppl. P. 80-99.
45. Fred E.B., Baldwin I.L., McCoy E. Root Nodule Bacteria and Leguminous Plants. Madison: Univ. Wiscon. Stud. Sci., 1932. 343 p.
46. Glenn A.R., Dilworth M.J. The life of root nodule bacteria in the acidic underground // FEMS Microb. Lett. 1994. V. 123. 343 p.
47. Go M.F., Kapur V., Graham D.Y., Musser J.M. Population genetic analysis of Helicobacter pyloti by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis: extensive allelic diversity and recombinational population structure // J. Bacter. 1996. V. 178. P. 3934-3939.
48. Gordon D.M., Reyder M.H., Heinrich K., Murphy P. An experimental test of the rhizopine concept in Rhizobium meliloti // J. Bacter. 1996. V. 62. P. 3991-3996.
49. Gordon D.M., Wexler M., Reardon T.B., Murphy P.J. The genetic structure of Rhizobium populations // Soil Biol. Biochem. 1995. V. 27. P. 491-499.
50. Graham P.H. Antibiotic sensitivities of the root nodule bacteria // Austral. J. Biol. Sci. 1963. V. 16. P. 557-559.
51. Graham P.H. Serological studies with Agrobacterium radiobacter, A. tumefaciens and Rhizobium strains // Arch. Microbiol. 1971. V. 78. P. 70-75.
52. Graham P.H. Stress tolerance in Rhizobium and Bradyrhizobium and nodulation under adverse soil conditions // Canad. J. Microbiol. 1992. V. 38. P. 475-484.
53. Harrison S.P., Jones D.G., Schunmann P.H.D., Forster J.W., Young J.P.W. Variation in Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar trifolii Sym plasmids and the association with effectiveness of nitrogen fixation // J. Gen. Microbiol. 1988. V. 134. P. 2721-2730.
54. Harrison S.P., Jones D.G., Young J.P.W. Rhizobium population genetics: genetic variation within and between populations from diverse locations // J. Gen. Microbiol. 1989. V. 135. P. 1061-1069.
55. Hartmann A., Amarger N. Genotypic diversity of an indigenous Rhizobium meliloti population assessed by plasmid profiles, DNA fingerprinting and insertion sequence typing // Canad. J. Microbiol. 1991. V. 37. P. 600-608.
56. Hirsch A.M., Wilson K.J., Jones J.D.G., Bang M., Walker V.V., Ausubel F.M. Rhizobium meliloti nodulation genes allow Agrobacterium tumefaciens and Escherichia coli to form pseudonodules on alfalfa // J. Bacter. 1984. V. 158. P. 1133-1143.
57. Hirsch P.R. Population dynamics of indigenous and genetically modified rhizobia in the field // New Phytol. 1996. V. 133. P. 159-171.
58. Ishii K., Matsuda H., Iwasa Y., Sasaki A. Evolutionary stable mutation rate in a periodically changing environment // Genetics. 1989. V. 121. P. 163-174.
59. 2-fixing activity of a deletion mutant of arctic rhizobia with sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) // Theoret. Appl. Genet. 1990. V. 180. P. 795-800.
60. Jarvis B.D.W., Sivakumaran S., Lockhart P.J. Identification of soil bacteria expressing a symbiotic plasmid from Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii // Nitrogen Fixation: Fundamentals and Appications // Eds Tikhonovich I.A., Provorov N.A., Romanov V.I., Newton W.E. Dordrecht; Boston; London: Kluwer Acad Publ., 1995. P. 405.
61. Jarvis B.D.W., Ward L.J.H., Slade E.A. Expression by soil bacteria of nodulation genes from Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii // Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 1989. V. 56. P. 1426-1434.
62. Jensen H.L. Nitrogen fixation in leguminous plants. 1. General characteristics of root nodule bacteria isolated from species of Medicago and Trifolium in Australia // Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. 1942. V. 67. P. 98-108.
63. Jimenez J., Casadesus J. An altruistic model of Rhizobium-legume association // J. Heredity. 1989. V. 80. P. 335-337.
64. Johnson M.L., Berryhill D.L. Plasmid diversity in North Dakota strains of Rhizobium phaseoli, the symbiotic dinitrogen-fixing bacterium of beans // Proc. North Dakota Acad. Sci. 1986. V. 40. P. 115.
65. Kang U.G., Somasegaran P., Hoben H.J., Bohlool B.B. Symbiotic potential, competitiveness and serological properties of Bradyrhizobium japonicum indigenous to Korean soils // Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 1991. V. 57. P. 1038-1045.
66. Kimura M. On the evolutionary adjustment of spontaneous mutation rates // Genet. Res. 1967. V. 9. P. 23-34.
67. Kinkle B.K., Schmidt E.L. Transfer of pea symbiotic plasmid pJB5JI in non-sterile soil // Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 1991. V. 57. P. 3254-3269.
68. Kingsley M.T., Bohlool B.B. Characterization of Rhizobium sp. (Cicer arietinum L.) by immunofluorescence and intrinsic antibiotic resistance // Canad. J. Microbiol. 1983. V. 29. P. 518-526.
69. Kosier B., Puhler A., Simon R. Monitoring and diversity of Rhizobium meliloti field and microcosm isolates with a novel rapid genotyping method using insertion elements // Molec. Ecol. 1993. V. 2. P. 35-46.
70. Labandera C.A., Vincent J.M. Competition between an introduced strain and native Uruguaian strains of Rhizobium trifolii // Plant Soil. 1975. V. 42. P. 327-347.
71. Laguerre G., Geniaux E., Mazurier S.I., Rodrigues C.R., Amarger N. Conformity and diversity among field isolates of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viceae, bv. trifolii and bv. phaseoli revealed by DNA hybridization using chromosome and plasmid probes // Canad. J. Microbiol. 1993. V. 39. P. 412-419.
72. Laguerre G., Mavingui P., Allard M.R., Charnay M.P., Louvrier P., Mazurier S.I., Rigottier-Gois L., Amarger N. Typing of rhizobia by PCR DNA fingerprinting and PCR-restriction lengths polymorphism analysis of chromosomal and symbiotic gene regions: application to Rhizobium leguminosarum and its different biovars // Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 1996. V. 62. P. 2029-2036.
73. Laguerre G., Mazurier S.I., Amarger N. Plasmid profiles and restriction length polymophism of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viceae in field populations // FEMS Microbial. Ecol. 1992. V. 101. P. 17-26.
74. Law R. Evoution in a mutualistic environment // The Biology of Mutualism: Ecology and Evolution / Ed. Boucher D.H. London; Sydney: Croom Helm Publ., 1985. P. 145-170.
75. Lenski R.E. Assessing the genetic structure of microbial populations // Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 1993. V. 90. P. 4334-4336.
76. Leung K., Strain S.R., de Bruijn F.J., Bottomley P.J. Genotypic and phenotypic comparisons of chromosomal types within an indigenous soil population of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii // Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 1994. V. 60. P. 416-426.
77. Louvrier P., Laguerre G., Amarger N. Distribution of symbiotic genotypes in Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar viceae populations isolated directly from soils // Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 1996. V. 62. P. 4202-4205.
78. Madrzak C.J., Golinska B., Kroliczak J., Pudelko K., Lazewska D., Lampka B., Sadowsky M.J. Diversity among field populations of Bradyrhizobium japonicum in Poland // Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 1995. V. 61. P. 1194-1200.
79. Martinez E. Recent developments in Rhizobium taxonomy // Plant and Soil. 1994. V. 161. P. 11-20.
80. Martinez E., Romero D., Palacios R. The Rhizobium genome // Crit. Rev. Plant Sci. 1990. V. 9. P. 59-93.
81. Martinez-Romero E., Segovia L., Martins Mercante F., Franco A.A., Graham P., Pardo M.A. Rhizobium tropici, a novel species nodulating Phaseolus vulgaris L. beans and Leucaena sp. trees // Intern. J. System. Bacteriol. 1991. V. 41. P. 417-426.
82. Maynard Smith J. Group selection and kin selection // Nature. 1964. V. 201. P. 1145-1147.
83. Maynard Smith J. Generating novelty by symbiosis // Nature. 1989. V. 341. P. 284-285.
84. Maynard Smith J., Dowson C.G., Spratt B.G. Localized sex in bacteria // Nature. 1991. V. 349. P. 29-31.
85. Maynard Smith J., Smith N.H., O'Rourke M., Spratt B.G. How clonal are bacteria? // Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 1993. V. 90. P. 4384-4388.
86. Mazurier S.I., Rigotter-Gois L., Amarger N. Characterization, distribution and localization of ISR12, an insertion sequence element from Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar viceae // Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 1996. V. 62. P. 685-693.
87. Milkman R. Electrophoretic variation in Escherichia coli from natural sources // Science. 1973. V. 182. P. 1024-1026.
88. Milkman R., Bridges M.M. Molecular evolution of the Escherichia coli chromosome. 3. Clonal frames // Genetics. 1990. V. 126. P. 505-517.
89. Moenne-Loccoz Y., Weaver R.W. Plasmid and saprophytic growth of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii W14-2 in soil // FEMS Microb. Ecol. 1995. V. 18. P. 139-144.
90. Moreira F.M.S., Gillis M., Pot B., Kersters K., Franco A.A. Characterization of rhizobia isolated from different divergency groups of tropical Leguminosae by comparative polyacrilamide gel electrophoresis of their total proteins // System. Appl. Microbiol. 1993. V. 16. P. 135-146.
91. Murphy P.J., Wexler W., Grzemski W., Rao J.P., Gordon D. Rhizopines - their role in symbiosis and competition // Soil Biol. Biochem. 1995. V. 27. P. 525-529.
92. Musser J.M., Hauser A.R., Kim M.H., Schlievert P.M., Nelson K., Selander R.K. Streptococcus pyogenes causing toxic-shock-like syndrome and other invasive diseases: clonal diversity and pyogenic exotoxin expression // Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 1991. V. 88. P. 2668-2672.
93. Musser J.M., Hewlett E.L., Pepper M.S., Selander R.K. Genetic diversity and relationships in populations of Bordetella spp. // J. Bacter. 1986. V. 166. P. 230-237.
94. Musser J.M., Kroll J.S., Moxon E.R., Selander R.K. Evolutionary genetics of the encapsulated strains of Haemophilus influenzae // Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 1988. V. 85. P. 7758-7762.
95. Nei M. Estimation of average heterozygosity and genetic distance from a small number of individuals // Genetics. 1978. V. 89. P. 583-590.
96. Nevo E. Genetic variation in natural populations: patterns and theory // Theoret. Popul. Biol. 1978. V. 13. P. 121-177.
97. Noel K.D., Brill W.J. Diversity and dynamics of indigenous Rhizobium japonicum populations // Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 1980. V. 40. P. 931-938.
98. Nour S.M., Cleyet-Marel J.C., Beck D., Effosse A., Fernandez M.P. Genotypic and phenotypic diversity of Rhizobium isolated from chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) // Canad. J. Microbiol. 1994. V. 40. P. 345-354.
99. Novikova N.I., Safronova V.I. Transconjugants of Agrobacterium radiobacter harbouring sym genes of Rhizobium galegae can form an effective symbiosis with Medicago sativa // FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 1992. V. 93. P. 261-268.
100. O'Brein T.E., Pla M.P., Mayer K.H., Kishi H., Gilleece E., Syvanen M., Hopkins J.D. Intercontinental spread of a new antibiotic resistance gene on an epidemic plasmid // Science. 1985. V. 230. P. 87-88.
101. Ochman H., Selander R.K. Evidence for clonal population structure in Escherichia coli // Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 1984. V. 81. P. 198-201.
102. Olivieri I., Frank S.A. The evolution of nodulation in Rhizobium: altruism in the rhizosphere // J. Heredity. 1994. V. 85. P. 46-47.
103. Olsen P., Wright S., Collins M., Rice W. Patterns of reactivity between a panel of monoclonal antibodies and forage Rhizobium strains // Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 1994. V. 60. N 2. P. 654-661.
104. Otten L., Conaday J., Gerard J.C., Fournier P., Crouzet P., Paulus F. Evolution of agrobacteria and their Ti plasmids - a review // Molec. Plant-Microbe Interac. 1992. V. 5. P. 279-287.
105. Paffetti D., Scotti C., Gnocchi S., Fancelli S., Bazzicalupo M. Genetic diversity of an Italian Rhizobium meliloti population from different Medicago sativa varieties // Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 1996. V. 62. P. 2279-2285.
106. Palacios R., Boistard P., Davila G., Fonstein M., Gottfert M., Perret X., Ronson C., Sobral B. Genome structure in nitrogen-fixing organisms // Biological. Nitrogen Fixation for 21th century / Eds Elmerich C., Kondorosi A., Newton W.E. Dordrecht; Boston; London: Kluwer Acad. Publ., 1998. P. 541-547.
107. Pankhurst C.E., MacDonald P.E., Reeves J.M. Enhanced nitrogen fixation and competitiveness for nodulation of Lotus pedunculatus by a plasmid-cured derivative of Rhizobium loti // J. Gen. Microbiol. 1986. V. 132. P. 2321-2328.
108. Perez-Ramirez N.O., Rogel M.A., Wang E., Castellanos J.Z., Martinez-Romero E. Seeds of Phaseolus vulgaris bean carry Rhizobium etli // FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. 1998. V. 26. P. 289-296.
109. Person C., Samborsky D.J., Rohringer R. The gene-for-gene concept // Nature. 1962. V. 194. P. 561-562.
110. Piffaretti J.C., Kressebuch H., Aeschbacher E., Bille J., Bannerman E., Musser J.M., Selander R.K., Rocourt J. Genetic characterization of clones of the bacterium Listeria monocytogenes causing epidemic disease // Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 1989. V. 86. P. 3818-3822.
111. Pimentel D. Population regulation and genetic feedback // Science. 1968. V. 159. P. 1432-1437.
112. Pinero D., Martinez E., Selander R.K. Genetic diversity and relationships among isolates of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli // Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 1988. V. 54. P. 2825-2832.
113. Plazinski J. Tn5-inherited mutant strain of Rhizobium meliloti with a highly increased ability to fix nitrogen for lucerne // Microbiol. Lett. 1981. V. 18. P. 137-142.
114. Plazinski J., Rolfe B.G. Sym plasmid genes of Rhizobium trifolii expressed in Lignobacter and Pseudomonas strains // J. Bacteriol. 1985. V. 162. P. 1261-1269.
115. Pretorius-Guth I.M., Puhler A., Simon R. Conjugal transfer of megaplasmid 2 between Rhizobium meliloti strains in alfalfa nodules // Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 1990. V. 56. P. 2354-2359.
116. Pukall R., Tschape H., Smalla K. Monitoring and spread of broad host and narrow host range plasmids in soil microcosms // FEMS Microb. Ecol. 1996. V. 20. P. 53-66.
117. Roberts G.P., Leps W.T., Silver L.E., Brill W.J. Use of two-dimensional polyacrilamide gel electrophoresis to identify and classify Rhizobium strains // Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 1980. V. 39. P. 414-422.
118. Romero D., Brom S., Martinez-Salazar J., Lourdes Girard M., Palacios R., Davila G. Amplification and deletion of a nod-nif region of the symbiotic plasmid of Rhizobium phaseoli // J. Bacteriol. 1991. V. 173. P. 2435-2441.
119. Schlimme W., Marchiani M., Hanselmann K., Jenni B. Gene transfer between bacteria within digestive vacuoles of protozoa // FEMS Microb. Ecol. 1997. V. 23. P. 239-247.
120. Schofield P.R., Gibson A.H., Dudman W.F., Watson J.M. Evidence for genetic exchange and recombination of Rhizobium symbiotic plasmids in a soil population // Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 1987. V. 57. P. 2942-2947.
121. Schwinghamer E.A. Antagonism between strains of Rhizobium trifolii in culture // Soil Biol. Biochem. 1971. V. 3. P. 355-363.
122. Segovia L., Pinero D., Palacios R., Martinez-Romero E. Genetic structure of a soil population of non-symbiotic Rhizobium leguminosarum // Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 1991. V. 57. P. 426-433.
123. Selander R.K., Caugant D.A., Ochman H., Musser J.M., Gilmour M.N., Whittam T.S. Methods of multilocus enzyme electrophoresis for bacterial population genetics and systematics // Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 1986. V. 51. P. 873-884.
124. Selander R.K., Levin B.R. Genetic diversity and structure in Escherichia coli populations // Science. 1980. V. 210. P. 545-547.
125. Selander R.K., McKinney R.M., Whittam T.S., Bibb W.F., Brenner D.J., Nolte F.S., Pattison P.E. Genetic structure of populations of Legionella pneumophila // J. Bacter. 1985. V. 163. P. 1021-1037.
126. Selbitschka W., Lotz W. Instability of cryptic plasmids affects the symbiotic effectivity of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viceae strains // Molec. Plant-Microbe Interac. 1991. V. 4. P. 608-618.
127. Sharypova L.A., Onishchuk O.P., Chesnokova O.N., Fomina-Eshchenko J.G., Simarov B.V. Isolation and characterization of Rhizobium meliloti Tn5 mutants showing enhanced symbiotic effectiveness // Microbiology. 1994. V. 140. P. 463-470.
128. Soberon-Chavez G., Najera R. Isolation from soil of Rhizobium leguminosarum lacking symbiotic information // Canad. J. Microbiol. 1989. V. 35. P. 464-468.
129. Soberon-Chavez G., Najera R., Espin G., Moreno S. Formation of Rhizobium phaseoli symbiotic plasmids by genetic recombination // Molec. Microbiol. 1991. V. 5. P. 909-916.
130. Souza V., Eguiarte L., Avila G., Cappell R., Gallardo C., Montoya J., Pinero D. Genetic structure of Rhizobium etli biovar phaseoli associated with wild and cultivated bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris and Phaseolus coccineus) in Morelos, Mexico // Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 1994. V. 60. P. 1260-1268.
131. Souza V., Nguyen T.T., Hudson R.R., Pinero D., Lenski R.E. Hierarchical analysis of linkage disequilibrium in Rhizobium populations: evidence for sex? // Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 1992. V. 89. P. 8389-8393.
132. Spaink H.P. The molecular basis of infection and nodulation by rhizobia: the ins and outs of sympathogenesis // Ann. Rev. Phytopathol. 1995. V. 33. P. 345-368.
133. Spoerke J.M., Wilkinson H.H., Parker M.A. Nonrandom genotypic associations in a legume - Bradyrhizobium mutualism // Evolution. 1996. V. 50. P. 146-154.
134. Stevens J.W. A study of various strains of Bacillus radicicola from nodules of alfalfa and sweet clover // Soil Sci. 1925. V. 20. P. 45-65.
135. Stowers M.D., Eaglesham A.R. Physiological and symbiotic characteristics of fast-growing Rhizobium japonicum // Plant and Soil. 1984. V. 77. P. 3-14.
136. Strain S.R., Leung K., Whittam T.S., de Bruijn F., Bottomley P.J. Genetic structure of Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar trifolii and viceae populations found in two Oregon soils under different plant communities // Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 1994. V. 60. P. 2772-2778.
137. Sullivan J.T., Eardly B.D., van Berkum P., Ronson C.W. Four unnamed species of non-symbiotic rhizobia isolated from the rhizosphere of Lotus corniculatus // Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 1996. V. 62. P. 2818-2825.
138. Sullivan J.T., Patrick H.N., Lowther W.L., Scott D.B., Ronson C.W. Nodulating strains of Rhizobium loti arise through chromosomal symbiotic gene transfer in the environment // Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 1995. V. 92. P. 8985-8989.
139. Taddel F., Radman M., Maynard Smith J., Toupance B., Goyon P.H., Godelle B. Role of mutator alleles in adaptive evolution // Nature. 1997. V. 387. P. 700-702.
140. Thomas P.M., Golly K.F., Zuskind J.W., Virginia R.A. Variation of clonal mesquite-associated rhizobial and bradyrhizobial populations from surface and deep soils by symbiotic gene region restriction fragment length polymorphism and plasmid profile analysis // Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 1994. V. 60. P. 1146-1153.
141. Thompson J.A. Selection of Rhizobium strains // Nitrogen Fixation in Mediterranean Agriculture / Eds. Beck D.G., Materon L.A. Dordrecht; Boston; Lancaster: Kluwer Acad. Publ., 1988. P. 207-223.
142. Tiwari R.P., Reeve W.G., Dilworth M.J., Glenn A.R. Acid tolerance in Rhizobium meliloti strain WSM419 involves a two-component sensor-regulator system // Microbiology. 1996. V. 142. P. 1693-1704.
143. Triplett E.W., Sadowsky M.J. Genetics of competition for nodulation in legumes // Ann. Rev. Microbiol. 1992. V. 46. P. 399-428.
144. Turner S.L., Rigotter-Goiz L., Power R.S., Amarger N., Young J.P.W. Diversity of repC plasmid replication sequences in Rhizobium leguminosarum // Microbiology. 1996. V. 142. P. 1705-1713.
145. Van Elsas J.D., Trevors J.T., Starodub E.E. Bacterial conjugation between pseudomonads in the rhizosphere of wheat // FEMS Microb. Ecol. 1988. V. 53. P. 299-306.
146. Van Veen R.J.M., Dukl-Ras H., Bisseling T., Schilperoort R.A., Hooykaas P.J.J. Crown gall tumor and root nodule formation by the bacterium Phyllobacterium myrsinacearum after the introduction of an Agrobacterium Ti plasmid or a Rhizobium Sym plasmid // Molec. Plant-Microbe Interac. 1988. V. 1. P. 231-234.
147. Vargas A.A.T., Graham P.H. Cultivar and pH effects on competition for nodule sites between isolates of Rhizobium in beans // Plant and Soil. 1989. V. 117. P. 195-200.
148. Vincent J.M. The root-nodule bacteria of pasture legumes // Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. 1954. V. 79. P. 4-32.
149. Vlassak K.M., Vanderleyden J. Factors influencing nodule occupancy by inoculant rhizobia // Crit. Rev. Plant Sci. 1997. V. 16. P. 163-229.
150. Weaver R.W., Wright S.F. Variability in effectiveness of rhizobia during culture and in nodules // Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 1987. V. 53. P. 2972-2974.
151. Wegener C., Schroder S., Lagares A., Martinez-Drets G., Toro N., Puhler A., Niehaus K. Characterization of an acid tolerant Rhizobium spp. population-low diversity as a consequence of adaptation to acid soils? // Biological Nitrogen Fixation for 21th Century / Eds Elmerich C., Kondorosi A., Newton W.E. Dordrecht; Boston; London: Kluwer Acad. Publ., 1998. P. 528.
152. Wernegreen J.J., Hording E.E., Riley M.A. Rhizobium gone native: unexpected plasmid stability of indigenous Rhizobium leguminosarum // Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 1997. V. 94. P. 5483-5488.
153. Wexler M., Gordon D., Murphy P.J. Genetic relationships among rhizopine-producing Rhizobium strains // Microbiology. 1996. V. 142. P. 1059-1066.
154. Whittam T.S., Ochman H., Selander R.K. Multilocus genetic structure in natural populations of Escherichia coli // Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 1983. V. 80. P. 1751-1755.
155. Young J.P.W. The population genetics of bacteria // Genetics of Bacterial Diversity / Eds Hopwood D.A., Chater K.P. London; San Diego; New York; Berkley; Boston; Sydney; Tokyo; Toronto: Acad. Press, 1989. P. 417-438.
156. Young J.P.W. Phylogenetic classification of nitrogen-fixing organisms // Biological Nitrogen Fixation / Eds Stacey G., Burris R.H., Evans H.J. London: Chapman and Hall., 1992. P. 43-86.
157. Young J.P.W., Demetriou L., Apte R.G. Rhizobium population genetics: enzyme polymorphism in Rhizobium leguminosarum from plants and soil in a pea crop // Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 1987. V. 53. P. 397-402.
158. Young J.P.W., Haukka K.E. Diversity and phylogeny of rhizobia // New Phytol. 1996. V. 133. P. 87-94.
159. Young J.P.W., Wexler M. Sym plasmid and chromosomal genotypes are correlated in field populations of Rhizobium leguminosarum // J. Gen. Microbiol. 1988. V. 134. P. 2731-2739.
160. Zupan J.R., Zambryski P. Transfer of T-DNA from Agrobacterium to the plant cell // Plant Physiol. 1995. V. 107. P. 1041-1047.