Are transitions abrupt in Stommel's thermohaline box model?

Atmosfera

Volumn 16, Issue 4, 2003, Pages 205-229

  Bulgakov, S N ^a   Skiba, Yu N ^b  

^a INSTITUTO DE ASTRONOMÍA Y METEOROLOGÍA   (Mexico)

^b UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL AUTÓNOMA DE MÉXICO   (Mexico)

Author keywords

Equilibria; Laboratory modelling; Thermohaline circulation

Indexed keywords

FLOW PATTERN; NUMERICAL MODEL; STRATIFICATION; THERMOHALINE CIRCULATION;

EID: 0347030148     PISSN: 01876236     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (25)

1. Anton Paar, 2000. Instruction handbook for density/specific/concentration meter DMA 4500/5000. Graz. Austria. Document number XDLIB07F.P65, 108 p.
2. Bryan, F., 1986. High-latitude salinity effects and interhemispheric thermohaline circulations.Nature 323, 301-304.
3. Cessi, P. and W. R. Young,, 1992. Multiple equilibria in two-dimensional thermohaline circulation. J. Fluid Mech. 241, 291-309.
4. Dijkstra, H.A. and M.J. Molemaker, 1997. Symmetry breaking and overturning oscillations in thermohaline-driven flows. J. Fluid Mech. 331, 169-198.
5. Manabe, S. and R. J. Stouffer, 1988. Two stable equilibria of a coupled ocean-atmosphere model. Climate Dyn. 1, 841-866.
6. Marotzke J., P. Welander, and J. Willebrandt, 1988. Instability and multiple steady states in a meridional-plan model of the thermohaline circulation. Tellus 40A, 162-172.
7. Marotzke, J., 1993. Ocean models in climate problems. In: Ocean Processes in Climate Dynamics: Global and Mediterranean examples (Malanotte-Rizzoli, P. and Robinson, A.R., eds.), Kluwer Publ., 79-109.
8. Nilsson, J. and G. Walin, 2001. Freshwater forcing as a booster of thermohaline circulation. Tellus 53A, 629-641.
9. nd ed., Prentice Hall, 776 p.
10. Quon, C. and M. Ghil, 1992. Multiple equilibria in thermosolutal convection due to salt-flux boundary conditions. J. Fluid Mech. 245, 449-484.
11. Quon, C. and M. Ghil, 1995. Multiple equilibria and stable oscillacions in thermosolutal convection at small aspect ratio. J. Fluid Mech. 291, 33-56.
12. Rooth, C., 1982. Hydrology and ocean circulation. Progress in Oceanography 11, 131-149.
13. Ruddick, B. and L. Zhang, 1996. Qualitative behaviour and nonoscillations of Stommel's thermohaline box model. J. Climate 9, 2768-2777.
14. Schmitt, R. W., 1994. Double diffusion in oceanography. Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech. 26, 255-285.
15. Stern, M.E., 1960. The "salt fountain" and thermohaline convection. Tellus 12, 172-175.
16. Stommel, H. and A. B. Arons, 1960. On the abyssal circulation of the World ocean. 1. Stationary planetary flow patterns on a sphere. Deep-Sea Res. 6, 140-154.
17. Stommel, H., 1961. Thermohaline convection with two stable regimes of flow. Tellus 13, 224-230.
18. Straub, D. N., 1996. An inconsistency between two classical models of the ocean buoyancy driven circulation. Tellus 48A, 477-481.
19. Thual, O. and J. C. McWilliams, 1992. The catastrophe structure of thermohaline convection in a two-dimensional fluid model and a comparison with low-order box models.Geophys. Astrophys. Fluid Dyn. 64, 67-95.
20. Welander, P., 1982. A simple heat-salt oscillator. Dyn. Atmos. Oceans 6, 233-242.
21. Whitehead, J. A., 1995. Thermohaline ocean processes and models. Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech. 27, 89-113.
22. Whitehead, J. A., 1996. Multiple states in doubly driven flow. Physica D 97, 311-321.
23. Whitehead, J. A., 1998. Multiple T-S states for estuaries, shelves, and marginal seas. Estuaries 21(2), 281-293.
24. Whitehead, J. A., M. L. Timmermans, W. G. Lawson, S. N. Bulgakov, A. Z. Martinez, J. M. Almaguer, and J. Salzig, 2003. Laboratory studies of a thermally and/or salinity driven flows with partial mixing. Part 1: Stommel transitions and multiple flow states.J. Geophys. Res.- Oceans 108(C2), 3036-3052.
25. Winton, M. and E.S. Sarachik, 1993. Thermohaline oscillations induced by strong steady salinity forcing of ocean general circulation models. J. Phys. Ocean. 23, 1389-1410.