Fluorinated Alcohols: A New Medium for Selective and Clean Reaction

Synlett

Volumn , Issue 1, 2004, Pages 18-29

  Bégué, Jean Pierre ^a   Bonnet Delpon, Danièle ^a   Crousse, Benoit ^b  

^a UNIVERSITÉ PARIS SUD   (France)

^b NONE

Author keywords

Cycloaddition; Hexafluoroisopropanol; Oxidation; Oxirane; Ring opening; Trifluoroethanol

Indexed keywords

ALCOHOL; AROMATIC AMINE; CARBOXYLIC ACID; EPOXIDE; ETHYLENE OXIDE; HEAVY METAL; HEXAFLUORO 2 PROPANOL; HYDROGEN PEROXIDE; IMINE; SOLVENT; SULFIDE; THIOL DERIVATIVE; TRIFLUOROETHANOL;

ARTICLE; CATALYST; CHEMICAL REACTION; CYCLOADDITION; DIELS ALDER REACTION; EFFLUENT; EPOXIDATION; FLUORINATION; HYDROGEN BOND; OXIDATION; PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY; RING OPENING;

EID: 0346970844     PISSN: 09365214     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1055/s-2003-44973     Document Type: Article

References (108)

1. (a) Fluorous chemistry: Gladysz, J. A.; Curran, D. P. Tetrahedron Symposium in Print, 2002, 58.
2. (b) Bradley, D. Science 2003, 300, 2022.
3. (c) According to a definition proposed by: Gladysz, J. A.; Curran, D. P. Tetrahedron 2002, 58, 3823.
4. (a) Allard, B.; Casadevall, A.; Casadevall, E.; Largeau, C. Nouv. J. Chim. 1979, 3, 335.
5. (b) Schadt, F. L.; Bentley, T. W.; Schleyer, P. V. R. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1976, 98, 7667.
6. (c) Allard, B.; Casadevall, A.; Casadevall, E.; Largeau, C. Nouv. J. Chim. 1980, 3, 539.
7. (d) Leonard, N. J.; Neelima Tetrahedron Lett. 1995, 36, 7833.
8. (a) Kita, Y.; Tohma, H.; Inagaki, M.; Hatanaka, K.; Yakura, T. Tetrahedron Lett. 1991, 32, 4321.
9. (b) Kita, Y.; Tohma, H.; Hatanaka, K.; Takada, T.; Fujita, S.; Mitoh, S. ; Sakurai, H.; Oka, S. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 3684.
10. (c) Kita, Y.; Egi, M.; Takada, T.; Tohma, H. Synthesis 1999, 5, 885.
11. (d) Biczók, L.; Linschitz, H. J. Phys. Chem. A 2001, 105, 11051.
12. (e) Ciminale, F.; Lopez, L.; Farinola, G. M. Tetrahedron Lett. 1999, 40, 7267.
13. (f) McClelland, R. A.; Mathivanan, N.; Steenken, S. J. Am Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 4857.
14. (g) Fabbrini, M.; Galli, G.; Gentili, P.; Macchitella, D.; Petride, H. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2 2001, 1516.
15. (h) Tohma, H. Yakugaku Zasshi 2000, 720, 620.
16. (i) Eberson, L.; Hartshorn, M. P.; Persson, O.; Radner, F. Chem. Commun. 1996, 2105.
17. (j) Braun, N. A.; Ousmer, M.; Bray, J. D.; Bouchu, D.; Peters, K.; Peters, E. M.; Ciufolini, M. A. J. Org. Chem. 2000, 65, 4397.
18. (a) Andersen, N. H.; Dyer, R. B.; Fesinmeyer, R. M.; Gai, F.; Liu, Z.; Neidigh, J. W.; Tong, H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121, 9879.
19. (b) Mulla, H. R.; Cammers-Goodwin, A. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 738.
20. (c) Cammers-Goodwin, A.; Allen, T. J.; Oslick, S. L.; McClure, K. F.; Lee, J. H.; Kemp, D. S. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 3082.
21. (d) Hong, D. P.; Hoshino, M.; Kuboi, R.; Goto, Y. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121, 8427.
22. Ravikumar, K. S.; Barbier, F.; Bégué, J. P.; Bonnet-Delpon, D. Tetrahedron 1998, 54, 7457.
23. Eberson, L.; Hartshorn, M. P.; Persson, O. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2 1995, 1735.
24. Kamlet, M. J.; Abboud, J. L. M.; Abraham, M. H.; Taft, R. W. J. Org. Chem. 1983, 48, 2877.
25. Middleton, W. J.; Lindsey, R. V. Jr. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1964, 86, 4948.
26. Reichardt, C. Chem. Rev. 1994, 94, 2319.
27. (a) Murto, J.; Kivinen, A.; Strandman, L. Suomen Kemistilehti B 1971, 44, 308.
28. (b) Schall, H.; Häber, T.; Suhm, M. A. J. Phys. Chem. A 2000, 104, 265.
29. (a) Thaisrivongs, S.; Pals, D. T.; Kati, W. M.; Turner, S. R.; Thomasco, L. M.; Watt, W. J. Med. Chem. 1986, 29, 2080.
30. (b) Fearon, K.; Spaltenstein, A.; Hopkins, P. B.; Gelb. M. H. J. Med. Chem. 1987, 30, 1617.
31. (a) Drabowicz, J.; Kielbasinski, P.; Mikolajczyk, M. In The Chemistry of Sulfones and Sulfoxides; Patai, S.; Rappoport, Z.; Stirling, C. J. M., Eds.; Wiley: New York, 1998, 233.
32. (b) Hudlicky, M. Oxidations in Organic Chemistry, ACS Monograph 186; American Chemical Society: Washington D.C., 1990, 252.
33. (a) Ravikumar, K. S.; Bégué, J. P.; Bonnet-Delpon, D. Tetrahedron Lett. 1998, 39, 3141.
34. (b) Ravikumar, K. S.; Zhang, Y. M.; Bégué, J. P.; Bonnet-Delpon, D. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 1998, 2937.
35. Ravikumar, K. S.; Kesavan, V.; Crousse, B.; Bonnet-Delpon, D.; Bégué, J. P. Org. Synth., Coll. Vol. 80; Wiley: New York, 2003, 184.
36. (a) Aida, T.; Akasaka, T.; Furukawa, N.; Oae, S. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 1976, 49, 1441.
37. (b) Wu, X.; Rieke, R. D.; Zhu, L. Synth. Commun. 1996,26, 191.
38. (c) Lu, G.; Zhang, Y. Synth. Commun. 1998, 28, 1499.
39. Capozzi, G.; Modena, G. In Chemistry of the Thiol Group, Part 2; Patai, S., Ed.; John Wiley & Sons: New York. 1974, 785.
40. Kesavan, V.; Bonnet-Delpon, D.; Bégué, J. P. Synthesis 2000, 223.
41. 2 epoxidation see: (a) Shryne, T. M. Shell US 4024165, 1977. (b) Romanelli, M. G. Exxon EP 0096130, 1983.
42. 2 epoxidation see: (a) Shryne, T. M. Shell US 4024165, 1977. (b) Romanelli, M. G. Exxon EP 0096130, 1983.
43. Berkessel, A.; Andreae, M. R. M. Tetrahedron Lett. 2001, 42, 2293.
44. Van Vliet, M. C. A.; Arends, I. W. C. E.; Sheldon, R. A. Chem. Commun. 1999, 821.
45. Iskra, J.; Bonnet-Delpon, D.; Bégué, J. P. Tetrahedron Lett. 2002, 1001.
46. Van Vliet, M. C. A.; Arends, I. W. C. E.; Sheldon, R. A. Synlett 2001, 8, 1305.
47. Van Vliet, M. C. A.; Arends, I. W. C. E.; Sheldon, R. A. Chem. Commun. 1999, 263.
48. Neimann, K.; Neumann, R. Org. Lett. 2000, 2, 2861.
49. Van Vliet, M. C. A.; Arends, I. W. C. E.; Sheldon, R. A. Synlett 2001, 2, 248.
50. (a) Cooper, M. S.; Heaney, H.; Newbold, A. J.; Sanderson, W. R. Synlett 1990, 533.
51. (b) Heaney, H. Aldrichimica Acta 1993, 26, 35.
52. Astudillo, L.; Galindo, A.; González, A. G.; Mansilla, H. Heterocycles 1993, 36, 1075.
53. Legros, J.; Crousse, B.; Bonnet-Delpon, D.; Bégué, J. P. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2002, 3290.
54. For reviews of dioxirane chemistry: (a) Adam, W.; Curci, R.; Edwards, J. O. Acc. Chem. Res. 1989, 22, 205. (b) Murray, R. W. Chem. Rev. 1989, 89, 1187. (c) Curci, R. In Advances in Oxygenated Processes, Vol. 2; Baumstark, A. L., Ed.; JAI Press: Greenwich, 1990, Chap. 1, 1-59. (d) Adam, W.; Hadjiarapoglou, L. P.; Curci, R.; Mello, R. In Organic Peroxides; Ando, W., Ed.; J. Wiley & Sons: New York, 1992, Chap. 4, 195. (e) Adam, W.; Hadjiarapoglou, L. P. In Topics in Current Chemistry, Vol. 1645; Springer-Verlag: Berlin, 1993, 45. (f) Curci, R.; Dinoi, A.; Rubino, M. F. Pure Appl. Chem. 1995, 67, 811. (g) Denmark, S. E.; Wu, Z. Synlett 1999, 847. (h) Denmark, S. E.; Wu, Z.; Grudden, C. M.; Matsuhashi, H. J. Org. Chem. 1997, 62, 8288. (i) Brown, D. S.; Marples, B. A.; Smith, P.; Walton, L. Tetrahedron 1995, 51, 3587.
55. For reviews of dioxirane chemistry: (a) Adam, W.; Curci, R.; Edwards, J. O. Acc. Chem. Res. 1989, 22, 205. (b) Murray, R. W. Chem. Rev. 1989, 89, 1187. (c) Curci, R. In Advances in Oxygenated Processes, Vol. 2; Baumstark, A. L., Ed.; JAI Press: Greenwich, 1990, Chap. 1, 1-59. (d) Adam, W.; Hadjiarapoglou, L. P.; Curci, R.; Mello, R. In Organic Peroxides; Ando, W., Ed.; J. Wiley & Sons: New York, 1992, Chap. 4, 195. (e) Adam, W.; Hadjiarapoglou, L. P. In Topics in Current Chemistry, Vol. 1645; Springer-Verlag: Berlin, 1993, 45. (f) Curci, R.; Dinoi, A.; Rubino, M. F. Pure Appl. Chem. 1995, 67, 811. (g) Denmark, S. E.; Wu, Z. Synlett 1999, 847. (h) Denmark, S. E.; Wu, Z.; Grudden, C. M.; Matsuhashi, H. J. Org. Chem. 1997, 62, 8288. (i) Brown, D. S.; Marples, B. A.; Smith, P.; Walton, L. Tetrahedron 1995, 51, 3587.
56. For reviews of dioxirane chemistry: (a) Adam, W.; Curci, R.; Edwards, J. O. Acc. Chem. Res. 1989, 22, 205. (b) Murray, R. W. Chem. Rev. 1989, 89, 1187. (c) Curci, R. In Advances in Oxygenated Processes, Vol. 2; Baumstark, A. L., Ed.; JAI Press: Greenwich, 1990, Chap. 1, 1-59. (d) Adam, W.; Hadjiarapoglou, L. P.; Curci, R.; Mello, R. In Organic Peroxides; Ando, W., Ed.; J. Wiley & Sons: New York, 1992, Chap. 4, 195. (e) Adam, W.; Hadjiarapoglou, L. P. In Topics in Current Chemistry, Vol. 1645; Springer-Verlag: Berlin, 1993, 45. (f) Curci, R.; Dinoi, A.; Rubino, M. F. Pure Appl. Chem. 1995, 67, 811. (g) Denmark, S. E.; Wu, Z. Synlett 1999, 847. (h) Denmark, S. E.; Wu, Z.; Grudden, C. M.; Matsuhashi, H. J. Org. Chem. 1997, 62, 8288. (i) Brown, D. S.; Marples, B. A.; Smith, P.; Walton, L. Tetrahedron 1995, 51, 3587.
57. For reviews of dioxirane chemistry: (a) Adam, W.; Curci, R.; Edwards, J. O. Acc. Chem. Res. 1989, 22, 205. (b) Murray, R. W. Chem. Rev. 1989, 89, 1187. (c) Curci, R. In Advances in Oxygenated Processes, Vol. 2; Baumstark, A. L., Ed.; JAI Press: Greenwich, 1990, Chap. 1, 1-59. (d) Adam, W.; Hadjiarapoglou, L. P.; Curci, R.; Mello, R. In Organic Peroxides; Ando, W., Ed.; J. Wiley & Sons: New York, 1992, Chap. 4, 195. (e) Adam, W.; Hadjiarapoglou, L. P. In Topics in Current Chemistry, Vol. 1645; Springer-Verlag: Berlin, 1993, 45. (f) Curci, R.; Dinoi, A.; Rubino, M. F. Pure Appl. Chem. 1995, 67, 811. (g) Denmark, S. E.; Wu, Z. Synlett 1999, 847. (h) Denmark, S. E.; Wu, Z.; Grudden, C. M.; Matsuhashi, H. J. Org. Chem. 1997, 62, 8288. (i) Brown, D. S.; Marples, B. A.; Smith, P.; Walton, L. Tetrahedron 1995, 51, 3587.
58. For reviews of dioxirane chemistry: (a) Adam, W.; Curci, R.; Edwards, J. O. Acc. Chem. Res. 1989, 22, 205. (b) Murray, R. W. Chem. Rev. 1989, 89, 1187. (c) Curci, R. In Advances in Oxygenated Processes, Vol. 2; Baumstark, A. L., Ed.; JAI Press: Greenwich, 1990, Chap. 1, 1-59. (d) Adam, W.; Hadjiarapoglou, L. P.; Curci, R.; Mello, R. In Organic Peroxides; Ando, W., Ed.; J. Wiley & Sons: New York, 1992, Chap. 4, 195. (e) Adam, W.; Hadjiarapoglou, L. P. In Topics in Current Chemistry, Vol. 1645; Springer-Verlag: Berlin, 1993, 45. (f) Curci, R.; Dinoi, A.; Rubino, M. F. Pure Appl. Chem. 1995, 67, 811. (g) Denmark, S. E.; Wu, Z. Synlett 1999, 847. (h) Denmark, S. E.; Wu, Z.; Grudden, C. M.; Matsuhashi, H. J. Org. Chem. 1997, 62, 8288. (i) Brown, D. S.; Marples, B. A.; Smith, P.; Walton, L. Tetrahedron 1995, 51, 3587.
59. For reviews of dioxirane chemistry: (a) Adam, W.; Curci, R.; Edwards, J. O. Acc. Chem. Res. 1989, 22, 205. (b) Murray, R. W. Chem. Rev. 1989, 89, 1187. (c) Curci, R. In Advances in Oxygenated Processes, Vol. 2; Baumstark, A. L., Ed.; JAI Press: Greenwich, 1990, Chap. 1, 1-59. (d) Adam, W.; Hadjiarapoglou, L. P.; Curci, R.; Mello, R. In Organic Peroxides; Ando, W., Ed.; J. Wiley & Sons: New York, 1992, Chap. 4, 195. (e) Adam, W.; Hadjiarapoglou, L. P. In Topics in Current Chemistry, Vol. 1645; Springer-Verlag: Berlin, 1993, 45. (f) Curci, R.; Dinoi, A.; Rubino, M. F. Pure Appl. Chem. 1995, 67, 811. (g) Denmark, S. E.; Wu, Z. Synlett 1999, 847. (h) Denmark, S. E.; Wu, Z.; Grudden, C. M.; Matsuhashi, H. J. Org. Chem. 1997, 62, 8288. (i) Brown, D. S.; Marples, B. A.; Smith, P.; Walton, L. Tetrahedron 1995, 51, 3587.
60. For reviews of dioxirane chemistry: (a) Adam, W.; Curci, R.; Edwards, J. O. Acc. Chem. Res. 1989, 22, 205. (b) Murray, R. W. Chem. Rev. 1989, 89, 1187. (c) Curci, R. In Advances in Oxygenated Processes, Vol. 2; Baumstark, A. L., Ed.; JAI Press: Greenwich, 1990, Chap. 1, 1-59. (d) Adam, W.; Hadjiarapoglou, L. P.; Curci, R.; Mello, R. In Organic Peroxides; Ando, W., Ed.; J. Wiley & Sons: New York, 1992, Chap. 4, 195. (e) Adam, W.; Hadjiarapoglou, L. P. In Topics in Current Chemistry, Vol. 1645; Springer-Verlag: Berlin, 1993, 45. (f) Curci, R.; Dinoi, A.; Rubino, M. F. Pure Appl. Chem. 1995, 67, 811. (g) Denmark, S. E.; Wu, Z. Synlett 1999, 847. (h) Denmark, S. E.; Wu, Z.; Grudden, C. M.; Matsuhashi, H. J. Org. Chem. 1997, 62, 8288. (i) Brown, D. S.; Marples, B. A.; Smith, P.; Walton, L. Tetrahedron 1995, 51, 3587.
61. For reviews of dioxirane chemistry: (a) Adam, W.; Curci, R.; Edwards, J. O. Acc. Chem. Res. 1989, 22, 205. (b) Murray, R. W. Chem. Rev. 1989, 89, 1187. (c) Curci, R. In Advances in Oxygenated Processes, Vol. 2; Baumstark, A. L., Ed.; JAI Press: Greenwich, 1990, Chap. 1, 1-59. (d) Adam, W.; Hadjiarapoglou, L. P.; Curci, R.; Mello, R. In Organic Peroxides; Ando, W., Ed.; J. Wiley & Sons: New York, 1992, Chap. 4, 195. (e) Adam, W.; Hadjiarapoglou, L. P. In Topics in Current Chemistry, Vol. 1645; Springer-Verlag: Berlin, 1993, 45. (f) Curci, R.; Dinoi, A.; Rubino, M. F. Pure Appl. Chem. 1995, 67, 811. (g) Denmark, S. E.; Wu, Z. Synlett 1999, 847. (h) Denmark, S. E.; Wu, Z.; Grudden, C. M.; Matsuhashi, H. J. Org. Chem. 1997, 62, 8288. (i) Brown, D. S.; Marples, B. A.; Smith, P.; Walton, L. Tetrahedron 1995, 51, 3587.
62. For reviews of dioxirane chemistry: (a) Adam, W.; Curci, R.; Edwards, J. O. Acc. Chem. Res. 1989, 22, 205. (b) Murray, R. W. Chem. Rev. 1989, 89, 1187. (c) Curci, R. In Advances in Oxygenated Processes, Vol. 2; Baumstark, A. L., Ed.; JAI Press: Greenwich, 1990, Chap. 1, 1-59. (d) Adam, W.; Hadjiarapoglou, L. P.; Curci, R.; Mello, R. In Organic Peroxides; Ando, W., Ed.; J. Wiley & Sons: New York, 1992, Chap. 4, 195. (e) Adam, W.; Hadjiarapoglou, L. P. In Topics in Current Chemistry, Vol. 1645; Springer-Verlag: Berlin, 1993, 45. (f) Curci, R.; Dinoi, A.; Rubino, M. F. Pure Appl. Chem. 1995, 67, 811. (g) Denmark, S. E.; Wu, Z. Synlett 1999, 847. (h) Denmark, S. E.; Wu, Z.; Grudden, C. M.; Matsuhashi, H. J. Org. Chem. 1997, 62, 8288. (i) Brown, D. S.; Marples, B. A.; Smith, P.; Walton, L. Tetrahedron 1995, 51, 3587.
63. (a) Legros, J.; Crousse, B.; Bourdon, J.; Bonnet-Delpon, D.; Bégué, J. P. Tetrahedron Lett. 2001, 42, 4463.
64. (b) Legros, J.; Crousse, B.; Bonnet-Delpon, D.; Bégué, J. P. Tetrahedron 2002, 58, 3993.
65. Yang, D.; Wong, M. K.; Yip, Y. C. J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 3887.
66. (a) Moller, F. Houben-Weyl, Methoden der organische Chemie, 4th Ed., Vol 11/1; Thieme Verlag: Stuttgart, 1957, 311-326.
67. (b) Mousseron, M.; Jullien, J.; Jolchine, Y. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 1952, 757.
68. (c) Lidy, W.; Sundermeyer, W. Tetrahedron Lett. 1973, 14, 1449.
69. (d) Mullis, J. C.; Weber, W. P. J. Org. Chem. 1983, 47, 2873.
70. (e) Sinou, D.; Emziane, M. Tetrahedron Lett. 1986, 27, 4423.
71. (a) Rogers, G. A.; Parsons, S. M.; Anderson, D. C.; Nilsson, L. M.; Bahr, B. A.; Kornreich, W. D.; Kaufman, R.; Jacobs, R. S.; Kirtman, B. J. Med. Chem. 1989, 32, 1217.
72. (b) Cheng, B. L.; Ganessan, A. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 1997, 7, 1511.
73. (c) Conte, V.; Di Furia, F.; Licini, G.; Modena, G.; Sbampto, G.; Valle, G. Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 1991, 2, 257.
74. (d) Gabbi, C.; Ghelfi, F.; Grandi, R. Synth. Commun. 1997, 27, 453.
75. (a) Fu, X. L.; Wu, S. H. Synth. Commun. 1997, 27, 1677.
76. (b) Van de Weghe, P.; Collin, J. Tetrahedron Lett. 1995, 36, 1649.
77. (c) Chini, M.; Crotti, P.; Macchia, F. J. Org. Chem. 1991, 56, 5939.
78. (d) Sekar, G.; Singh, V. K. J. Org. Chem. 1999, 64, 287.
79. Das, U.; Crousse, B.; Kesavan, V.; Bonnet-Delpon, D.; Bégué, J. P. J. Org. Chem. 2000, 65, 6749.
80. Kesavan, V.; Bonnet-Delpon, D.; Bégué, J. P. Tetrahedron Lett. 2000, 41, 2895.
81. (a) Abouabdellah, A.; Bégué, J. P.; Bonnet-Delpon, D.; Kornilov, A.; Rodrigues, I.; Richard, C. J. Org. Chem. 1998, 63, 6529.
82. (b) Bégué, J. P.; Bonnet-Delpon, D.; Kornilov, A.; Fischer-Durand, N. J. Fluorine Chem. 1996, 80, 13.
83. (c) Bégué, J. P.; Bonnet-Delpon, D.; Kornilov, A. Synthesis 1996, 529.
84. (a) Bégué, J. P.; Bonnet-Delpon, D.; Sdassi, H. Tetrahedron Lett. 1992, 33, 1879.
85. (b) Abouabdellah, A.; Bégué, J. P.; Bonnet-Delpon, D.; Kornilov, A.; Rodrigues, I.; Thanh Nga, T. T. In Asymmetric Synthesis of Fluorine Containing Molecules, ACS Symposium Series No.746; Ramachandran, R. V., Ed.; Oxford University Press: Washington DC, 2000, 84.
86. Rodrigues, I.; Bonnet-Delpon, D.; Bégué, J. P. J. Org. Chem. 2001, 66, 2098.
87. (a) Tokunaga, M.; Larrow, J. F.; Kakiuchi, F.; Jacobsen, E. N. Science 1997, 277, 936.
88. (b) Jacobsen, E. N.; Kakiuchi, F.; Konsler, R. G.; Larrow, J. F.; Tokunaga, M. Tetrahedron Lett. 1997, 38, 773.
89. (c) Jacobsen, E. N. Acc. Chem. Res. 2000, 33, 421.
90. Iskra, J.; Bonnet-Delpon, D.; Bégué, J. P. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2002, 3402.
91. (a) Cativiela, C.; García, J. I.; Mayoral, J. A.; Salvatella, L. Can. J. Chem. 1994, 72, 308.
92. (b) Cho, Y. S.; Lee, M. I.; Cha, J. K. Org. Lett. 2001, 18, 2891.
93. (a) Boger, D. L.; Weinreb, S. M. Hetero Diels-Alder Methodology in Organic Synthesis; Academic: San Diego, 1987, Chap. 2 and 9.
94. (b) Weinreb, S. M. In Comprehensive Organic Synthesis, Vol. 5; Trost, B. M.; Fleming, I., Eds.; Pergamon: Oxford, 1991, 401.
95. (c) Buonora. P.; Olsen, J. C.; Oh, T. Tetrahedron 2001, 57, 6099.
96. (a) Cabral, J.; Laszlo, P. Tetrahedron Lett. 1989, 30, 7237.
97. (b) Worth, D. F.; Pricone, S. C.; Elsager, E. F. J. Heterocycl. Chem. 1970, 7, 1353.
98. (c) Povarov, L. S. Russ. Chem. Rev. 1967, 36, 656.
99. (d) Crousse, B.; Bégué, J. P.; Bonnet-Delpon, D. J. Org. Chem. 2000, 65, 5009.
100. (e) Sundararajan, G.; Prabagaran, N.; Varghese, B. Org. Lett. 2001, 3, 1973.
101. (f) Ma, Y.; Qian, C.; Xie, M.; Sun, J. J. Org. Chem. 1999, 64, 6462.
102. (a) Babu, G.; Perumal, P. T. Tetrahedron Lett. 1998, 3225.
103. (b) Babu, G.; Perumal, P. T. Tetrahedron Lett. 1997, 38, 5025.
104. (c) Nomura, Y.; Kimura, M.; Takeuchi, Y.; Tomoda, S. Chem. Lett. 1978, 267.
105. (d) Kiselyov, A. S.; Smith, L. II.; Virgilio, A.; Armstrong, R. W. Tetrahedron 1998, 54, 7987.
106. Spanedda, M. V.; Hoang, V. D.; Crousse, B.; Bonnet-Delpon, D.; Bégué, J. P. Tetrahedron Lett. 2003, 44, 217.
107. Povarov, L. C.; Michailov, B. M. Izv. Akad. Nank. SSSR Sci: Khim. 1964, 12, 2221.
108. Di Salvo, A.; Spanedda, M. V.; Ourévitch, M.; Crousse, B.; Bonnet-Delpon, D. Synthesis 2003, 2231.