메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 40, Issue 3-4, 2004, Pages 219-231

Weddell Sea turned from source to sink for atmospheric CO2 between pre-industrial time and present

Author keywords

Anthropogenic activity; Carbon dioxide; Oceans; Oxygen; Pre industrial; Southern Ocean; Weddell Sea

Indexed keywords

AIR-SEA INTERACTION; ANTHROPOGENIC EFFECT; CARBON DIOXIDE; PARTIAL PRESSURE; SOURCE-SINK DYNAMICS;

EID: 0346963149     PISSN: 09218181     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2003.08.001     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (22)

References (59)
  • 1
    • 0028192463 scopus 로고
    • Redfield ratios of remineralization determined by nutrient data analysis
    • Anderson, L.A., Sarmiento, J.L., 1994. Redfield ratios of remineralization determined by nutrient data analysis. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 8, 65-80.
    • (1994) Global Biogeochemical Cycles , vol.8 , pp. 65-80
    • Anderson, L.A.1    Sarmiento, J.L.2
  • 3
    • 0030888279 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes of carbon dioxide in surface waters during spring in the Southern Ocean
    • Bakker, D.C.E., De Baar, H.J.W., Bathmann, U.V., 1997. Changes of carbon dioxide in surface waters during spring in the Southern Ocean. Deep-Sea Research II 44, 91-127.
    • (1997) Deep-Sea Research II , vol.44 , pp. 91-127
    • Bakker, D.C.E.1    De Baar, H.J.W.2    Bathmann, U.V.3
  • 6
    • 84986848589 scopus 로고
    • Alkalinity changes generated by phytoplankton growth
    • Brewer, P.G., Goldman, J.C., 1976. Alkalinity changes generated by phytoplankton growth. Limnology and Oceanography 21, 108-117.
    • (1976) Limnology and Oceanography , vol.21 , pp. 108-117
    • Brewer, P.G.1    Goldman, J.C.2
  • 7
    • 0026498107 scopus 로고
    • Interhemispheric transport of carbon dioxide by ocean circulation
    • Broecker, W.S., Peng, T.-H., 1992. Interhemispheric transport of carbon dioxide by ocean circulation. Nature 356, 587-589.
    • (1992) Nature , vol.356 , pp. 587-589
    • Broecker, W.S.1    Peng, T.-H.2
  • 8
    • 0027510781 scopus 로고
    • Coastal Zone Color Scanner pigment concentrations in the Southern Ocean and relationships to geophysical surface features
    • Comiso, J.C., McClain, C.R., Sullivan, C.W., Ryan, J.P., Leonard, C.L., 1993. Coastal Zone Color Scanner pigment concentrations in the Southern Ocean and relationships to geophysical surface features. Journal of Geophysical Research 98, 2419-2451.
    • (1993) Journal of Geophysical Research , vol.98 , pp. 2419-2451
    • Comiso, J.C.1    McClain, C.R.2    Sullivan, C.W.3    Ryan, J.P.4    Leonard, C.L.5
  • 10
    • 0001131094 scopus 로고
    • The Weddell Gyre
    • Deacon, G.E.R., 1979. The Weddell Gyre. Deep-Sea Research 26A, 981-995.
    • (1979) Deep-Sea Research , vol.26 A , pp. 981-995
    • Deacon, G.E.R.1
  • 11
    • 0030986011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutrient anomalies in Fragilariopsis kerguelensis blooms, iron deficiency and the nitrate/phosphate ratio (A.C. Redfield) of the Antarctic Ocean
    • De Baar, H.J.W., Van Leeuwe, M.A., Scharek, R., Goeyens, L., Bakker, K.M.J., Fritsche, P., 1997. Nutrient anomalies in Fragilariopsis kerguelensis blooms, iron deficiency and the nitrate/phosphate ratio (A.C. Redfield) of the Antarctic Ocean. Deep-Sea Research II 44, 229-260.
    • (1997) Deep-Sea Research II , vol.44 , pp. 229-260
    • De Baar, H.J.W.1    Van Leeuwe, M.A.2    Scharek, R.3    Goeyens, L.4    Bakker, K.M.J.5    Fritsche, P.6
  • 13
    • 0040516562 scopus 로고
    • Satellite determination of the carbon dioxide exchange coefficient at the ocean-atmosphere interface: A first step
    • Etcheto, J., Merlivat, L., 1988. Satellite determination of the carbon dioxide exchange coefficient at the ocean-atmosphere interface: a first step. Journal of Geophysical Research 93, 15669-15678.
    • (1988) Journal of Geophysical Research , vol.93 , pp. 15669-15678
    • Etcheto, J.1    Merlivat, L.2
  • 18
    • 0016945992 scopus 로고
    • Frontal zone mixing and Antarctic Bottom Water formation in the southern Weddell Sea
    • Foster, T.D., Carmack, E.C., 1976. Frontal zone mixing and Antarctic Bottom Water formation in the southern Weddell Sea. Deep-Sea Research 23, 301-317.
    • (1976) Deep-Sea Research , vol.23 , pp. 301-317
    • Foster, T.D.1    Carmack, E.C.2
  • 20
    • 0019677750 scopus 로고
    • Seasonality of southern ocean sea ice
    • Gordon, A.L., 1981. Seasonality of southern ocean sea ice. Journal of Geophysical Research 86, 4193-4197.
    • (1981) Journal of Geophysical Research , vol.86 , pp. 4193-4197
    • Gordon, A.L.1
  • 23
    • 0027444323 scopus 로고
    • Weddell Gyre: Structure of the eastern boundary
    • Gouretski, V.V., Danilov, A.I., 1993. Weddell Gyre: structure of the eastern boundary. Deep-Sea Research 1 40, 561-582.
    • (1993) Deep-Sea Research 1 , vol.40 , pp. 561-582
    • Gouretski, V.V.1    Danilov, A.I.2
  • 25
    • 0035692891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Air-sea flux of oxygen estimated from bulk data: Implications for the marine and atmospheric oxygen cycles
    • Gruber, N., Gloor, M., Fan, S.-M., Sarmiento, J.L., 2001. Air-sea flux of oxygen estimated from bulk data: implications for the marine and atmospheric oxygen cycles. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 15, 783-803.
    • (2001) Global Biogeochemical Cycles , vol.15 , pp. 783-803
    • Gruber, N.1    Gloor, M.2    Fan, S.-M.3    Sarmiento, J.L.4
  • 27
    • 0032985457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Redfield behavior of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus depletions in Antarctic surface water
    • Hoppema, M., Goeyens, L., 1999. Redfield behavior of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus depletions in Antarctic surface water. Limnology and Oceanography 44, 220-224.
    • (1999) Limnology and Oceanography , vol.44 , pp. 220-224
    • Hoppema, M.1    Goeyens, L.2
  • 28
    • 0028995578 scopus 로고
    • Winter-summer differences of carbon dioxide and oxygen in the Weddell Sea surface layer
    • Hoppema, M., Fahrbach, E., Schröder, M., Wisotzki, A., De Baar, H.J.W., 1995. Winter-summer differences of carbon dioxide and oxygen in the Weddell Sea surface layer. Marine Chemistry 51, 177-192.
    • (1995) Marine Chemistry , vol.51 , pp. 177-192
    • Hoppema, M.1    Fahrbach, E.2    Schröder, M.3    Wisotzki, A.4    De Baar, H.J.W.5
  • 29
    • 0032982370 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 by the Weddell Sea derived from a surface layer balance, including estimations of entrainrnent and new production
    • 2 by the Weddell Sea derived from a surface layer balance, including estimations of entrainrnent and new production. Journal of Marine Systems 19, 219-233.
    • (1999) Journal of Marine Systems , vol.19 , pp. 219-233
    • Hoppema, M.1    Fahrbach, E.2    Stoll, M.H.C.3    De Baar, H.J.W.4
  • 31
    • 0036265843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Annual export production in the interior Weddell Gyre estimated from a chemical mass balance of nutrients
    • Hoppema, M., De Baar, H.J.W., Bellerby, R.G.J., Fahrbach, E., Bakker, K., 2002. Annual export production in the interior Weddell Gyre estimated from a chemical mass balance of nutrients. Deep-Sea Research II 49, 1675-1689.
    • (2002) Deep-Sea Research II , vol.49 , pp. 1675-1689
    • Hoppema, M.1    De Baar, H.J.W.2    Bellerby, R.G.J.3    Fahrbach, E.4    Bakker, K.5
  • 33
    • 0000171421 scopus 로고
    • Meridional eddy diffusion model of the transport of atmospheric carbon dioxide: 2. Mean annual carbon cycle
    • Keeling, C.D., Heimann, M., 1986. Meridional eddy diffusion model of the transport of atmospheric carbon dioxide: 2. Mean annual carbon cycle. Journal of Geophysical Research 91, 7782-7796.
    • (1986) Journal of Geophysical Research , vol.91 , pp. 7782-7796
    • Keeling, C.D.1    Heimann, M.2
  • 35
    • 0001379635 scopus 로고
    • 2 transport based on observed winds: 4. Mean annual gradients and interannual variations
    • Peterson, D.H. (Ed.), Aspects of Climate Variability in the Pacific and the Western Americas. AGU, Washington, DC
    • 2 transport based on observed winds: 4. Mean annual gradients and interannual variations. In: Peterson, D.H. (Ed.), Aspects of Climate Variability in the Pacific and the Western Americas. Geophys. Monogr., vol. 55. AGU, Washington, DC, pp. 305-363.
    • (1989) Geophys. Monogr. , vol.55 , pp. 305-363
    • Keeling, C.D.1    Piper, S.C.2    Heimann, M.3
  • 40
    • 84958167480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in dissolved oxygen in the Southern Ocean with climate change
    • 2000GC000086
    • Matear, R.J., Hirst, A.C., McNeil, B.I., 2000. Changes in dissolved oxygen in the Southern Ocean with climate change. Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems 1 (2000GC000086, 12 pp.).
    • (2000) Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems , vol.1
    • Matear, R.J.1    Hirst, A.C.2    McNeil, B.I.3
  • 41
    • 0031924205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution of alkalinity in the surface waters of the major oceans
    • Millero, F.J., Lee, K., Roche, M., 1998. Distribution of alkalinity in the surface waters of the major oceans. Marine Chemistry 60, 111-130.
    • (1998) Marine Chemistry , vol.60 , pp. 111-130
    • Millero, F.J.1    Lee, K.2    Roche, M.3
  • 42
    • 0033768535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mean annual cycle of air-sea oxygen flux: A global view
    • Najjar, R.G., Keeling, R.F., 2000. Mean annual cycle of air-sea oxygen flux: a global view. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 14, 573-584.
    • (2000) Global Biogeochemical Cycles , vol.14 , pp. 573-584
    • Najjar, R.G.1    Keeling, R.F.2
  • 46
    • 0034603088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temporal trends in deep ocean Redfield ratios
    • Pahlow, M., Riebesell, U., 2000. Temporal trends in deep ocean Redfield ratios. Science 287, 831-833.
    • (2000) Science , vol.287 , pp. 831-833
    • Pahlow, M.1    Riebesell, U.2
  • 47
    • 0028160899 scopus 로고
    • Water masses and phytoplankton biomass distribution during summer in the Weddell Sea marginal ice zone
    • Perez, F.F., Tokarczyk, R., Figueiras, F.G., Rios, A.F., 1994. Water masses and phytoplankton biomass distribution during summer in the Weddell Sea marginal ice zone. Oceanologica Acta 17, 191-199.
    • (1994) Oceanologica Acta , vol.17 , pp. 191-199
    • Perez, F.F.1    Tokarczyk, R.2    Figueiras, F.G.3    Rios, A.F.4
  • 50
    • 0003037496 scopus 로고
    • The influence of organisms on the composition of seawater
    • Hill, M.N. (Ed.), Interscience, New York
    • Redfield, A.C., Ketchum, B.H., Richards, F.A., 1963. The influence of organisms on the composition of seawater. In: Hill, M.N. (Ed.), The Sea. Interscience, New York, pp. 26-77.
    • (1963) The Sea , pp. 26-77
    • Redfield, A.C.1    Ketchum, B.H.2    Richards, F.A.3
  • 54
    • 0032961190 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the structure and the transport of the eastern Weddell Gyre
    • Schröder, M., Fahrbach, E., 1999. On the structure and the transport of the eastern Weddell Gyre. Deep-Sea Research II 46, 501-527.
    • (1999) Deep-Sea Research II , vol.46 , pp. 501-527
    • Schröder, M.1    Fahrbach, E.2
  • 58
    • 0001485628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeling of marine biogeochemical cycles with an emphasis on vertical particle fluxes
    • Usbeck, R., 1999. Modeling of marine biogeochemical cycles with an emphasis on vertical particle fluxes. Berichte zur Polarforschung 332, 1-105.
    • (1999) Berichte zur Polarforschung , vol.332 , pp. 1-105
    • Usbeck, R.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.