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Volumn 125, Issue 50, 2003, Pages 15521-15528

Stereochemistry of Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions Depending upon Substituent: Evidence for Electrostatic Stabilization of Pseudoaxial Conformers of Oxocarbenium Ions by Heteroatom Substituents

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

NUCLEOPHILIC SUBSTITUTIONS;

EID: 0346850020     PISSN: 00027863     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/ja037935a     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (258)

References (67)
  • 6
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    • For a review that includes nucleophilic substitution on five-membered-ring acetals, see: Harmange, J.-C.; Figadère, B. Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 1993, 4, 1711-1754.
    • (1993) Tetrahedron: Asymmetry , vol.4 , pp. 1711-1754
    • Harmange, J.-C.1    Figadère, B.2
  • 9
    • 0000693134 scopus 로고
    • Other reactions of acetals do not appear to involve free cations: (c) Denmark, S. E.; Almstead, N. G. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 8089-8110.
    • (1991) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.113 , pp. 8089-8110
    • Denmark, S.E.1    Almstead, N.G.2
  • 20
    • 0346284204 scopus 로고
    • We focused on comparisons between substituents at C-2, C-3, and C-4 because of difficulties associated with C-5 alkoxy-substituted systems. Placing an alkoxy group at C-5 of the cation would make a substrate with two acetal carbon centers, and the analysis would be complicated by the regioselectivity of oxocarbenium ion formation and isomerization of products. Pyran acetals with alkyl groups at C-5 normally undergo substitution with high anti selectivity. See, for example: Brown, D. S.; Ley, S. V.; Bruno, M. Heterocycles 1989, 28, 773-777.
    • (1989) Heterocycles , vol.28 , pp. 773-777
    • Brown, D.S.1    Ley, S.V.2    Bruno, M.3
  • 23
    • 0037151613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Under certain conditions, solvent cage effects can exert strong influences on the selective reactions of oxocarbenium ions: Zhang, Y.; Reynolds, N. T.; Manju, K.; Rovis, T. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2002, 124, 9720-9721.
    • (2002) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.124 , pp. 9720-9721
    • Zhang, Y.1    Reynolds, N.T.2    Manju, K.3    Rovis, T.4
  • 44
    • 0034602213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • For a recent example of equilibration during O-glycosylation, see: Chisholm, J. D.; Van Vranken, D. L. J. Org. Chem. 2000, 65, 7541-7553.
    • (2000) J. Org. Chem. , vol.65 , pp. 7541-7553
    • Chisholm, J.D.1    Van Vranken, D.L.2
  • 49
    • 0032560924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The powerful electron-withdrawing nature of sulfonyl groups has been discussed with respect to the stabilization of anions: Terrier, F.; Kizilian, E.; Goumont, R.; Faucher, N.; Wakselman, C. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 9496-9503 and references therein.
    • (1998) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.120 , pp. 9496-9503
    • Terrier, F.1    Kizilian, E.2    Goumont, R.3    Faucher, N.4    Wakselman, C.5
  • 51
    • 33845551357 scopus 로고
    • In some cases, solvent can dramatically alter the stereochemical outcomes of substitution reactions involving pyran acetals. See, for example: (a) Nicolaou, K. C.; Seitz, S. P.; Papahatjis, D. P. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1983, 105, 2430-2434.
    • (1983) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.105 , pp. 2430-2434
    • Nicolaou, K.C.1    Seitz, S.P.2    Papahatjis, D.P.3
  • 58
    • 0041708049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluorine substituents can alter the conformations of peptides. See: Hodges, J. A.; Raines, R. T. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125, 9262-9263 and references therein.
    • (2003) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.125 , pp. 9262-9263
    • Hodges, J.A.1    Raines, R.T.2
  • 59
    • 0347545254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Evidence that these reactions proceeded by oxocarbenium ions was provided by the acetates 21b. In this case, the two anomers of the starting material were separable, and both anomers give the same product with the same degree of selectivity.
  • 60
    • 0033546383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The preference for 1,3-cis selectivity with alkoxy-substituted oxocarbenium ions is outweighed by 1,5-selectivity with alkyl groups: Keck, G. E.; Lundquist, G. D. J. Org. Chem. 1999, 64, 4482-4491.
    • (1999) J. Org. Chem. , vol.64 , pp. 4482-4491
    • Keck, G.E.1    Lundquist, G.D.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.