Candida albicans strain carriage in patients and nursing staff of an intensive care unit: A study of morphotypes and resistotypes

Mycoses

Volumn 46, Issue 11-12, 2003, Pages 479-486

  Khan, Z U ^a   Chandy, R ^a   Metwali, K E ^b  

^a KUWAIT UNIVERSITY   (Kuwait)

^b MUBARAK AL KABEER HOSPITAL   (Kuwait)

Author keywords

Candida albicans; Carriage; Intensive care unit; Morphotypes; Resistotypes

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; BODY REGIONS; CANDIDA ALBICANS; CANDIDIASIS; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; DISEASE CARRIER; FUNGUS GROWTH; FUNGUS ISOLATION; HAND; HUMAN; INTENSIVE CARE UNIT; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MORPHOTYPE; MOUTH; NURSING; PATIENT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; STRAIN DIFFERENCE;

CANDIDA ALBICANS; CANDIDIASIS; CARRIER STATE; CROSS INFECTION; DRUG RESISTANCE, FUNGAL; EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDIES; HUMANS; INTENSIVE CARE UNITS; KUWAIT; MYCOLOGICAL TYPING TECHNIQUES; NURSING STAFF, HOSPITAL; PHENOTYPE; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; VARIATION (GENETICS);

CANDIDA ALBICANS; FUNGI;

EID: 0346846758     PISSN: 09337407     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.0933-7407.2003.00929.x     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. Vincent JL, Anaissie EA, Bruining A et al. Epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of systemic Candida infections in surgical patients under intensive candidiasis. Intensive Care Med 1998: 24: 206-16.
2. Verduyn-Lunel FM, Meis JFGM, Voss A. Nosocomial fungal infections: candidemia. Diag Microbiol Infect Dis 1999; 34: 213-20.
3. Nucci M, Analssie E. Revisiting the source of candidemia: skin or gut. Clin Infect Dis 2001; 33: 1959-67.
4. Blumberg HM, Jarvis WR, Soucie JM et al. Risk factors for candidal bloodstream infections in surgical intensive care unit patients: the NEMIS prospective multicenter study. The National Epidemiology of Mycosis Survey. Clin Infect Dis 2000; 33: 177-86.
5. Burnie JP, Odds FC, Lee W, Webster C, Williams JD. Out-break of systemic Candida albicans in an intensive care unit caused by cross-infection. BMJ 1985; 290: 746-8.
6. Burnie JP, Mathews R, Lee W, Philpott-Howard J, Brown R. Four outbreaks of nosocomial systemic candidiasis. Epidemiol Infect 1987; 99: 201-11.
7. Vaudry WL, Tierney AJ, Wenman WM. Investigation of cluster of systemic Candida albicans in a neonatal intensive care unit. J Infect Dis 1988; 158: 1375-9.
8. Hunter PR, Harrison GAJ, Fraser CAM. Cross-infection and diversity of Candida albicans strain carriage in patients and nursing staff of an intensive care unit. J Med Vet Mycol 1990; 28: 317-25.
9. Phongpaichit S, Mackenzie DWR. Fraser CAM. Strain differentiation of Candida albicans by morphotyping. Epidemiol Infect 1987; 99: 421-8.
10. Hunter PR, Fraser CAM, Mackenzie DWR. Morphotype markers of virulence in human candidal infection. J Med Microbiol 1989; 28: 85-91.
11. Hunter PR, Fraser CAM. Application of a numerical index of discriminatory power to a comparison of four physiochemical typing methods for Candida albicans. J Clin Microbiol 1989; 27: 2156-60.
12. Vazquez JA, Sanchez V, Dmuchowski C, Dembry LM, Sobel JD, Zervos MJ. Nosocomial acquisition of Candida albicans: an epidemiologic study. J Infect Dis 1993; 168: 195-201.
13. Sanchez V, Vazqez JA, Barth-Jones D, Dembry L, Sobe JD, Zervos MJ. Nosocomial acquisition of Candida parapsilosis: an epidemiologic study. Am J Med 1993; 94: 577-82.
14. Negroni P. Variacion hacial el tipo R de Mycotorula albicans. Rev Soc Argentina Biol 1936; 11: 449-53.
15. Brown-Thomsen J. Variability in Candida albicans (Robin) Berkhout. I. Studies on morphology and biochemical activity. Hereditas 1968; 60: 335-98.
16. Mackinnnon JE. Neuvo sentido de variacion en Mycotorula (Monilia) albicans. Arch Soc Biol Montevideo 1936; 7: 162-88.
17. Cavellero C. Etude experimentale sur les phenomenes de la variation et de la dissociation de Mycotorula albicans (Robin) Langeren and Talice. Boll Sez Ital Soc Int Microbiol 1968; 10: 36-44.
18. Slutsky B, Buffo J, Soll DR. High frequency switching in colony morphology of Candida albicans. Science 1985; 230: 660-9.
19. Hunter PR. A critical review of typing methods for Candida albicans and their application. Microbiology 1991; 17: 417-34.
20. Warnock DW, Speller DCE, Day JK, Farrell AJ. Resistogram method for differentiation of strains of Candida albimns. J Appl Bacterial 1989; 46: 571-8.
21. McCreight MC, Warnock DW. Enhanced differentiation of isolates of Candida albicans using a modified resistogram method. Mykosen 1982; 25: 589-98.
22. Soll DR. High frequency switching in Candida albicans and its relation to vaginal candidiasis. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1988; 158: 997-1001.
23. Hunter PR. Numerical Analyses of Candida albicans Strain Data. MD thesis. Manchester. England: University of Manchester. 1989.
24. Dutton S, Penn CW. Biological attributes of colony variants of Candida albicans. J Gen Microbiol 1989; 135: 3363-5.
25. Jones S, White G, Hunter PR. Increased phenotypic switching in strains of Candida albicans associated with invasive infections. J Clin Microbiol 1994; 32: 2869-70.
26. Calderone RA, Fonzi WA. Virulence factors of Candida albicans. Trends Microbiol 2001; 9: 327-36.
27. Otero L, Vazquez F, Palacio V, Vazquez S, Carreno F, Mendez FJ. Comparison of seven phenotyping methods for Candida albicans. Eur J Epidemiol 1995; 11: 221-4.