Tree Mortality, Foliage Recovery and Top-kill in Stands of Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris) Subsequent to Defoliation by the Pine Looper (Bupalus piniaria)

Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research

Volumn 18, Issue 6, 2003, Pages 505-513

  Cedervind, Jan ^a   Långström, Bo ^a  

^a SWEDISH UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES   (Sweden)

Author keywords

Coniferous trees; Defoliation impact; Die back; Foliage losses; Social tree class

Indexed keywords

CLIMATOLOGY; PLANTS (BOTANY);

TREE MORTALITY;

FORESTRY;

ANIMALIA; BUPALUS PINIARIA; CONIFERALES; HEXAPODA; INSECTA; PINUS SYLVESTRIS;

EID: 0346785391     PISSN: 02827581     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/02827580310018569     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Alfaro, R. I. & Shepherd, R. F. 1991. Tree-ring growth of interior Douglas-fir after one years defoliation by Douglas-fir tussock moth. For. Sci. 37: 959-964.
2. Alfaro, R. I., Sickle, G. A. van, Thomson, A. J. & Wegwitz, E. 1982. Tree mortality and radial growth losses caused by the western spruce budworm in a Douglas-fir stand in British Columbia. Can. J. For. Res. 12: 780-787.
3. Alfaro, R. I., Taylor, S. P., Wegwitz, E. & Brown, R. G. 1987. Douglas-fir tussock moth damage in British Columbia. For. Cron. 63: 351-355.
4. Alfaro, R. I., Taylor, S., Brown, G. & Wegwitz, E. 1999. Tree mortality caused by the western hemlock looper in landscapes of central British Columbia. For. Ecol. Manage. 124: 285-291.
5. Annila, E., Långström, B., Varama, M., Hiukka, R. & Niemelä, P. 1999. Susceptibility of defoliated Scots pine to spontaneous and Induced attack by Tomicus piniperda and Tomicus minor. Silva Fenn. 33: 93-106.
6. Anon. 1999. SAS/STAT® User's Guide. Version 8. SAS Institute, Cary, NC. ISBN 1-58025-494-2.
7. Barbour, D. A. 1988. The pine looper in Britain and Europe. In Berryman A. A. (ed.). Dynamics of Forest Insects Populations, pp. 291-308. Plenum Press, New York. ISBN 0-306-42745-1.
8. Bergqvist, G., Bergström, R. & Edenius, L. 2001. Patterns of stem damage by moose (Alces alces) in young Pinus sylvestris stands in Sweden. Scand. J. For. Res. 16: 363-370.
9. Bevan, D. 1972. Control of forest insects: there is a porpoise close behind us. In Jones, P. D. & Solomon, M. E. (eds.), The 13th Symposium of the British Ecological Society, 4-7 January 1972, Oxford, pp. 302-312.
10. Brokenhuizen, N., Evans, H. F. & Hassel, M. P. 1993. Site characteristics and the population dynamics of the pine looper moth. J. Anim. Ecol. 62: 511-518.
11. Butovitsch, V. 1946. Redogörelse för flygbekämpnings- kampanjen mot tallmätaren under åren 1944-1945 (Bericht über die Flugzeugbestäubung gegen den Keifernspanner in den Jahren 1944-1945). Meddelanden från statens skogsforskningsinstitut. 35: 9: 1-108. (In Swedish with German summary.)
12. Cedervind, J., Pettersson, M. & Långström, B. 2003. Attack dynamics of the pine shoot beetle, Tomicus piniperda (Col.; Scolytinae) in Scots pine stands defoliated by Bupalus piniaria (Lep.; Geometridae). Agr. For. Entomol. 5: 253-261.
13. Christiansen, E., Waring, R. H. & Berryman, A. A. 1987. Resistance of conifers to bark beetle attack: searching for general relationships. For. Ecol. Manage. 22: 89-106.
14. Crooke, M. 1959. Insecticidal control of the pine looper in Great Britain I. Aerial spraying. Forestry 32: 166-196.
15. Eidmann, H. & Klingström, A. 1990. Skadegörare i skogen. LTs förlag. ISBN 91-36-02004-4. (In Swedish.)
16. Hosmer, D. S. & Lemeshow, S. 1989. Applied Logistic Regression. John Wiley & Sons, New York. ISBN 0-471-61553-6.
17. Juutinen, P. 1968. Zum vorkommen des kiefernspanners (Bupalus piniarius L.) in südost-Finnland in den jahren 1957-59. Commun. Inst. For. Fenn. 66 (4): 1-26. (In Finnish with German summary.)
18. Kletečka, Z. 1992. Distribution of damage by Rhyacionia, Blastesthia and Retinia tip moths (Lep., Torticidae) depending on the exposure of planted and naturally seeded pine stands. J. Appl. Ent. 113: 334-341.
19. Kosola, K. R., Dickman, D. I., Paul, E. A. & Parry, D. 2001. Repeated defoliation effects on growth, nitrogen acquisition, carbohydrates and root demography of poplars. Oecologica 129: 65-74.
20. Kulman, H. M. 1971. Effects of insect defoliation on growth and mortality of trees. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 16: 289-324.
21. Långström, B. 1980. Distribution of pine shoot beetle attacks within the crown of Scots pine. Stud. For. Suecia 154: 1-25.
22. Långström, B., Olofsson, E., Lindelöw, A. & Larsson, S. 1999. Bt mot tallmätaren på Hökensås. Skog Forskning 4: 28-34. (In Swedish.)
23. Långström, B., Annila, E., Hellqvist, C., Varama, M. & Niemelä, P. 2001. Tree mortality needle biomass recovery and growth losses in Scots pine following defoliation by Diprion pini and subsequent attack by Tomicus piniperda. Scand. J. For. Res. 16: 342-353.
24. Larsson, S. & Tenow, O. 1984. Areal distribution of a Neodiprion sertifer (Hym., Diprionidae) outbreak on Scots pine as related to stand condition. Holarctic Ecol. 7: 81-90.
25. Lekander, M. 1950. Skogsinsekternas uppträdande i Sverige under tiden 1741-1945. Meddelanden från statens Skogsforskningsinstitut 39 (5). (In Swedish with French summary.)
26. Lekander, B. 1953. Über das Aufreten von Blastophagus piniperda und Pissodes pini im Wald vorher befallen von Panolis-und Bupalus-Raupen. Meddelanden från statens Skogsforskningsinstitut 44: 1-31. (In Swedish with German summary.)
27. Lindelöw, Å. 1998. Insektsskador i Svenska skogar under 1997-en återblick. Växtskyddsnotiser 62: 14-16. ISSN 0042-2169. (In Swedish.)
28. Lindelöw, Å., Långström, B., Olofsson, E., Schroeder, M. & Larsson, S. 1997. Tallmätarhärjningen på Hökensås. Fakta skog. no. 3. ISSN 1400-7789. (In Swedish.)
29. McCullouch, D. G., Marshall, L. D., Buss, L. J. & Kouki, J. 1996. Relating jack pine budworm damage to stand inventory variables in northern Michigan. Can. J. For. Res. 26: 2180-2190.
30. Mattson, W. J. & Addy, N. D. 1975. Phytophagous insects as insect regulators. Science 190: 515-522.
31. Mutanen, R. M., Siltanen, H. T., Kuuka, V. P., Annila, E. A. & Varama, M. M. O. 1988. Residues of diflubenzuron and two of its metabolites in a forest ecosystem after control of the pine looper moth, Bupalus piniarius L. Pestic. Sci. 23: 131-140.
32. Nylinder, M., Lundström, H. & Fryk, H. 2000. Skador och fei på tall-och grantimmer. Tierps tryckeri. ISBN 91-576-5968-0. (In Swedish.)
33. Schowalter, T. D. & Withgott, J. 2001. Rethinking insects, what would an ecosystem approach look like? Conserv. Biol. Pract. 2: 10-16.
34. Smits, A. & Larsson, S. 1999. Effects of previous defoliation on pine looper larval performance. Agr. For. Entomol. 1: 19-26.
35. Speight, M. R. & Wainhouse, D. 1989. Ecology and Management of Forest Insects. Oxford Science Publications, Oxford. ISBN 0-19-854161-9.
36. Straw, N. A. 1996. The impact of pine looper moth, Bupalus piniaria L. (Lepidoptera; Geometridae) on the growth of Scots pine in Tentsmuir forest Scotland. For. Ecol. Manage. 87: 209-232.
37. White, T. C. R. 1974. A hypothesis to explain outbreaks of looper caterpillars with special reference to populations of Selidosema suavis in a plantation of Pinus radiata in New Zealand. Oecologica (Berlin) 22: 119-134.
38. White, T. C. R. 1984. The abundance of invertebrate herbivores in relation to the availability of nitrogen in stressed plants. Oecologica (Berlin) 63: 90-105.
39. Wickman, B. E. 1978. Tree mortality and top-kill related to defoliation by the Douglas-fir tussock moth in the Blue Mountains outbreak. USDA Forest Service Research Paper, PNW-233.
40. Zar, J. H. 1999. Biostatistical Analysis. 4th edn. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ. ISBN 0-13-081542-X.