Depression in people living with HIV/AIDS attending primary care and outpatient clinics

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry

Volumn 37, Issue 1, 2003, Pages 70-77

  Komiti, Angela ^a   Judd, Fiona ^b   Grech, Paul ^a   Mijch, Anne ^c   Hoy, Jennifer ^d   Williams, Ben ^a   Street, Alan ^e   Loyd, John H ^e  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE   (Australia)

^b MONASH UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

^c ALFRED HOSPITAL   (Australia)

^d MONASH UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

^e ROYAL MELBOURNE HOSPITAL   (Australia)

Author keywords

AIDS; Depression; General practive; HIV

Indexed keywords

ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT; ANTIRETROVIRUS AGENT; ILLICIT DRUG; PSYCHOTROPIC AGENT;

ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME; ADULT; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEMOGRAPHY; DISEASE COURSE; DISEASE MARKER; DRUG USE; FEMALE; GENERAL PRACTICE; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; IMMUNE RESPONSE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MAJOR DEPRESSION; MALE; MEDICAL RECORD; MEDICAL SPECIALIST; MENTAL HEALTH; MENTAL STRESS; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; OUTPATIENT CARE; PRIMARY MEDICAL CARE; SELF REPORT; SOCIAL ASPECT; SYMPTOMATOLOGY;

ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME; ADULT; AMBULATORY CARE; ANTIGENS, CD4; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY, HIGHLY ACTIVE; COHORT STUDIES; DEPRESSIVE DISORDER, MAJOR; DIAGNOSTIC AND STATISTICAL MANUAL OF MENTAL DISORDERS; FEMALE; HIV SEROPOSITIVITY; HUMANS; MALE; PRIMARY HEALTH CARE; QUESTIONNAIRES;

EID: 0346665569     PISSN: 00048674     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1614.2003.01118.x     Document Type: Article

References (65)

1. Wells KB, Stewart A, Hays RD et al. The functioning and well-being of depressed patients. Results from the Medical Outcomes Study. Journal of the American Medical Association 1989; 262:914-919.
2. Catalan J, Klimes I, Bond A, Day A, Garrod A, Rizza C. The psychosocial impact of HIV infection in men with haemophilia: controlled investigation and factors associated with psychiatric morbidity. Journal of Psychosomatic Research 1992; 36:409-416.
3. Catalan J, Klimes I, Day A, Garrod A, Bond A, Gallwey J. The psychosocial impact of HIV infection in gay men. A controlled investigation and factors associated with psychiatric morbidity. British Journal of Psychiatry 1992; 161:774-778.
4. Ferrando S, Evans S, Goggin K, Sewell M, Fishman B, Rabkin J. Fatigue in HIV illness: relationship to depression, physical limitations, and disability. Psychosomatic Medicine 1998; 60:759-764.
5. Gala C, Pergami A, Catalan J et al. The psychosocial impact of HIV infection in gay men, drug users and heterosexuals. Controlled investigation. British Journal of Psychiatry 1993; 163:651-659.
6. King MB. Psychosocial status of 192 out-patients with HIV infection and AIDS. British Journal of Psychiatry 1989; 154:237-242.
7. Leserman J, Petitto JM, Perkins DO, Folds JD, Golden RN, Evans DL. Severe stress, depressive symptoms, and changes in lymphocyte subsets in human immunodeficiency virus-infected men. A 2-year follow-up study. Archives of General Psychiatry 1997; 54:279-285.
8. Lipsitz JD, Williams JB, Rabkin JG et al. Psychopathology in male and female intravenous drug users with and without HIV infection. American Journal of Psychiatry 1994; 151:1662-1668.
9. Lyketsos CG, Hanson A, Fishman M, McHugh PR, Treisman GJ. Screening for psychiatric morbidity in a medical outpatient clinic for HIV infection: the need for a psychiatric presence. International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine 1994; 24:103-113.
10. McCusker J, Goldstein R, Bigelow C, Zorn M. Psychiatric status and HIV risk reduction among residential drug abuse treatment clients. Addiction 1995; 90:1377-1387.
11. Morriss R, Schaerf F, Brandt J, McArthur J, Folstein M. AIDS and multiple sclerosis: neural and mental features. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 1992; 85:331-336.
12. Pugh K, Riccio M, Jadresic D et al. A longitudinal study of the neuropsychiatric consequences of HIV-1 infection in gay men. II. Psychological and health status at baseline and at 12-month follow-up. Psychological Medicine 1994; 24:897-904.
13. Rabkin JG, Williams JB, Remien RH, Goetz R, Kertzner R, Gorman JM. Depression, distress, lymphocyte subsets, and human immunodeficiency virus symptoms on two occasions in HIV-positive homosexual men. Archives of General Psychiatry 1991; 48:111-119.
14. Summers J, Zeisook S, Atkinson JH et al. Psychiatric morbidity associated with acquired immune deficiency syndrome related grief resolution. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 1995; 183:384-389.
15. Belkin GS, Fleishman JA, Stein MD, Piette J, Mor V. Physical symptoms and depressive symptoms among individuals with HIV infection. Psychosomatics 1992; 33:416-427.
16. Burack JH, Barrett DC, Stall RD, Chesney MA, Ekstrand ML, Coates TJ. Depressive symptoms and CD4 lymphocyte decline among HIV-infected men. Journal of the American Medical Association 1993; 270:2568-2573.
17. Castellon SA, Hinkin CH, Wood S, Yarema KT. Apathy, depression, and cognitive performance in HIV-1 infection. Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences 1998; 10:320-329.
18. Crystal S, Kersting RC. Stress, social support, and distress in a statewide population of persons with AIDS in New Jersey. Social Work in Health Care 1998; 28:41-60.
19. Fogel BS, Mor V. Depressed mood and care preferences in patients with AIDS. General Hospital Psychiatry 1993; 15:203-207.
20. Griffin KW, Rabkin JG, Remien RH, Williams JB. Disease severity, physical limitations and depression in HIV-infected men. Journal of Psychosomatic Research 1998; 44:219-227.
21. Hays RB, Turner H, Coates TJ. Social support, AIDS-related symptoms, and depression among gay men. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 1992; 60:463-469.
22. Judd F, Mijch A, McCausland J, Cockram A. Depressive symptoms in patients with HIV infection: a further exploration. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 1997; 31:862-868.
23. Judd FK, Mijch AM. Depressive symptoms in patients with HIV infection. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 1996; 30:104-109.
24. Kalichman SC, Sikkema KJ, Somlai A. Assessing persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection using the Beck Depression Inventory: disease processes and other potential confounds. Journal of Personality Assessment 1995; 64:86-100.
25. Katz MH, Douglas JM Jr, Bolan GA et al. Depression and use of mental health services among HIV-infected men. AIDS Care 1996; 8:433-442.
26. Lyketsos CG, Hoover DR, Guccione M et al. Depressive symptoms as predictors of medical outcomes in HIV infection. Multicenter AIDS cohort study. Journal of the American Medical Association 1993; 270:2563-2567.
27. Lyketsos CG, Hoover DR, Guccione M et al. Changes in depressive symptoms as AIDS develops. The Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. American Journal of Psychiatry 1996; 153:1430-1437.
28. Lyketsos CG, Hoover DR, Guccione M et al. Depressive symptoms over the course of HIV infection before AIDS. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 1996; 31:212-219.
29. McClure JB, Catz SL, Prejean J, Brantley PJ, Jones GN. Factors associated with depression in a heterogeneous HIV-infected sample. Journal of Psychosomatic Research 1996; 40:407-415.
30. Swartz HA, Markowitz JC, Sewell MC. Psychosocial characteristics of pregnant and nonpregnant HIV-seropositive women. Psychiatric Services 1998; 49:1612-1614.
31. Neilson A, Williams T. Depression in ambulatory medical patients. Prevalence by self-report questionnaire and recognition by non-psychiatric physicians. Archives of General Psychiatry 1980; 37:999-1004.
32. Rabkin JG, Goetz RR, Remien RH, Williams JB, Todak G, Gorman JM. Stability of mood despite HIV illness progression in a group of homosexual men. American Journal of Psychiatry 1997; 154:231-238.
33. Goldberg D, Gater R. Implications of the World Health Organization study of mental illness in general health care for training primary care staff. British Journal of General Practice 1996; 46:483-485.
34. Australian Bureau of Statistics. Mental health and wellbeing: profile of adults, Australia, 1997. Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Service, 1998.
35. Blazer D, Kessler RC, McGonagle KA, Swartz MS. The prevalence and distribution of major depression in a national community sample: the National Comorbidity Survey. American Journal of Psychiatry 1994; 151:979-986.
36. Klerman GL. The current age of youthful melancholia: evidence for increase in depression among adolescents and young adults. British Journal of Psychiatry 1988; 152:4-14.
37. Britt HC, Miller GC. The BEACH study of general practice. Medical Journal of Australia 2000; 173:63-64.
38. Davidson JR, Meltzer-Brody SE. The underrecognition and undertreatment of depression: what is the breadth and depth of the problem? Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 1999; 60 (Suppl. 7):4-9.
39. Harris MF, Silove D, Kehag E et al. Anxiety and depression in general practice patients: prevalence and management. Medical Journal of Australia 1996; 164:526-529.
40. Hickie IB, Davenport TA, Scott EM, Hadzi-Pavlovic D, Naismith SL, Koschera A. Unmet need for recognition of common mental disorders in Australian general practice. Medical Journal of Australia 2001; 175 (Suppl.):S18-S24.
41. Simon GE, Goldberg D, Tiemens BG, Ustun TB. Outcomes of recognized and unrecognized depression in an international primary care study. General Hospital Psychiatry 1999; 21:97-105.
42. Thompson C, Kinmonth AL, Stevens L et al. Effects of a clinical-practice guideline and practice-based education on detection and outcome of depression in primary care: Hampshire Depression Project randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2000; 355:185-191.
43. DiMatteo MR, Lepper HS, Croghan TW. Depression is a risk factor for noncompliance with medical treatment: meta-analysis of the effects of anxiety and depression on patient adherence. Archives of Internal Medicine 2000; 160:2101-2107.
44. Zimmerman M, Coryell W, Corenthal C, Wilson S. A self-report scale to diagnose Major Depressive Disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry 1986; 43:1076-1081.
45. American Psychiatric Association. DSM-III. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association, 1980.
46. American Psychiatric Association. DSM-IV. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association, 1994.
47. Hosmer DW, Lemeshow S. Applied logistic regression. New York: Wiley, 1989.
48. Judd F, Cockram A, Komiti A, Mijch A, Hoy J, Bell R. Depressive symptoms reduced in individuals with HIV/AIDS treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy: a longitudinal study. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 2000; 34:1015-1021.
49. Judd FK, Mijch AM, Cockram A. Fluoxetine treatment of depressed patients with HIV infection. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 1995; 29:433-436.
50. Judd FK, Cockram A, Mijch A, McKenzie D. Liaison psychiatry in an HIV/AIDS unit. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 1997; 31:391-397.
51. Dew MA, Becker JT, Sanchez J et al. Prevalence and predictors of depressive, anxiety and substance use disorders in HIV-infected and uninfected men: a longitudinal evaluation. Psychological Medicine 1997; 27:395-409.
52. Dickey WC, Dew MA, Becker JT, Kingsley L. Combined effects of HIV-infection status and psychosocial vulnerability on mental health in homosexual men. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 1999; 34:4-11.
53. Kelly JA, Murphy DA, Bahr GR et al. Factors associated with severity of depression and high-risk sexual behavior among persons diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Health Psychology 1993; 12:215-219.
54. Twiname BG. The relationship between HIV classification and depression and suicidal intent. Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care 1993; 4:28-35.
55. Bovasso GB. Cannabis abuse as a risk factor for depressive symptoms. American Journal of Psychiatry 2001; 158:2033-2037.
56. Shrier LA, Harris SK, Sternberg M, Beardslee WR. Associations of depression, self-esteem, and substance use with sexual risk among adolescents. Preventive Medicine 2001; 33:179-189.
57. Degenhardt L, Hall W, Lynskey M. The relationship between cannabis use, depression and anxiety among Australian adults: findings from the National Survey of Mental Health and Well-Being. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 2001; 36:219-227.
58. Bing EG, Burnam MA, Longshore D et al. Psychiatric disorders and drug use among human immunodeficiency virus-infected adults in the United States. Archives of General Psychiatry 2001; 58:721-728.
59. Rey JM, Sawyer MG, Clark JJ, Baghurst PA. Depression among Australian adolescents. Medical Journal of Australia 2001; 175:19-23.
60. Reilly D, Didcott P, Swift W, Hall W. Long-term cannabis use: characteristics of users in an Australian rural area. Addiction 1998; 93:837-846.
61. Troisi A, Pasini A, Saracco M, Spalletta G. Psychiatric symptoms in male cannabis users not using other illicit drugs. Addiction 1998; 93:487-492.
62. Green BE, Ritter C. Marijuana use and depression. Journal of Health and Social Behavior 2000; 41:40-49.
63. Boyce P, Hickie IB, Scott E. Depression. In: Beumont P, Andrews G, Boyce P, Carr V, eds. Psychological medicine. a companion to management of mental disorders. Sydney: World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Mental Health and Substance Abuse, 1997; 232-243.
64. Hickie IB. Primary care psychiatry is not specialist psychiatry in general practice. Medical Journal of Australia 1999; 170:171-173.
65. Rabkin J, Ferrando S. A 'second life' agenda. Archives of General Psychiatry 2002; 54:1049-1053.