Change in adult self-esteem: A longitudinal assessment

British Journal of Social Psychology

Volumn 38, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 303-314

  Schafer, Robert B ^a   Keith, Pat M ^b  

^a IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; ARTICLE; FEMALE; HUMAN; LONGITUDINAL STUDY; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; SELF CONCEPT; SPOUSE; TIME; UNITED STATES;

ADULT; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; FEMALE; HUMANS; LONGITUDINAL STUDIES; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MIDWESTERN UNITED STATES; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; SELF CONCEPT; SPOUSES; TIME FACTORS;

EID: 0346461832     PISSN: 01446665     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1348/014466699164185     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. Aronson, E. (1969). A theory of cognitive dissonance: A current perspective. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 4, 1-34
2. Backman, C. W. & Secord, P. J. (1968). The self and role selection. In C. Gordon & K. J. Gergen (Eds), The self in social interaction, vol. 1, pp. 286-296. New York: Wiley.
3. Baumeister, R. F. (Ed.) (1993). Self-esteem: The puzzle of low self regard. New York: Plenum Press.
4. Baumeister, R. F., Tice, D. M. & Hatton, D. G. (1989). Self-presentational motivations and personality differences in self-esteem. Journal of Personality, 57, 547-579.
5. Burke, P. J. (1991). Identity process and social stress, American Sociological Review, 56, 836-849.
6. Cheek, J. M. & Hogan, R. (1983). Self-concepts, self presentations, and moral judgements. In J. Suls & A. G. Greenwald (Eds), Psychological perspectives on the self, vol. 2, pp. 9-73. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
7. Clausen, J. S. (1991). Adolescent competence and the shaping of the life course. American Journal of Sociology, 96, 805-842.
8. Crocker, J., Thompson, L., McGraw, K. & Ingerman, C. (1987). Downward social comparison, prejudice and evaluations of others. Journal of Social and Personality Psychology, 52, 907-916.
9. Dannefer, D. (1984). Adult development and social theory: A paradigmatic reappraisal. American Sociological Review, 49, 100-116.
10. Davila, J., Bradbury, T. N., Cohan, C. L. & Tochluk, S. (1997). Marital functioning and depressive symptoms: Evidence for a stress generation model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 73, 849-861.
11. Demo, D. H. (1992). The self-concept over time: Research issues and directions. Annual Review of Sociology, 18, 303-326.
12. Elder, G. H. Jr. (1985). Life course dynamics: Trajectories and transitions, 1968-1980. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
13. Festinger, L. (1957). A theory of cognitive dissonance. Evanston, IL: Row, Peterson.
14. Finn, S. E. (1986). Stability of personality self-ratings over 30 years: Evidence for an age/cohort interaction. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50, 813-818.
15. Fitch, G. (1970). Effects of self-esteem, perceived performance, and choice on causal attributions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 16, 311-315.
16. Gibbons, F. X. & McCoy, S. B. (1991). Self-esteem, similarity, and reactions to active versus passive downward comparisons. Journal of Personality and Social Psycholog, 60, 414-424.
17. Goffman, I. (1959). The presentation of self in everyday life. New York: Anchor Books.
18. Gove, W. R., Ortega, S. T. & Style, C. B. (1989). The maturational and role perspectives on ageing and self in the adult years: An empirical evaluation. American Journal of Sociology, 94, 1117-1145.
19. Hammen, C. L. (1991). The generation of stress in the course of unipolar depression. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 100, 555-561.
20. Helson, R. & Moane, G. (1987). Personality changes in women from college to mid-life. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 53, 176-186.
21. Herzog, A. R., Rodgers, W. L. & Woodworth, J. (1982). Subjective well-being among different age groups. Ann Arbor, MI: Institute of Social Research.
22. Hughes, M. & Demo, D. H. (1989). Self perceptions of black Americans: Self-esteem and personal efficacy. American Journal of Sociology, 95, 132-159.
23. Jaquish, G. A. & Ripple, R. E. (1981). Cognitive creative abilities and self-esteem across the adult life span. Human Development, ,110-119.
24. Kernis, M. H. & Waschull, S. B. (1995). The interactive roles of stability and level of self-esteem: Research and theory. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 27, 93-141.
25. Kiecolt, K. J. (1994). Stress and the decision to change oneself: A theoretical model. Social Psychology Quarterly, 57, 49-63.
26. Kulik, J. A., Sledge, P. & Mahler, H. I. M. (1986). Self confirmation attribution, egocentrism and the perpetuation of self beliefs. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 37, 499-514.
27. Leary, M. R. (1983). Understanding social anxiety: Social, personality and clinical perspectives. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
28. Mead, G. H. (1934). Mind, self and society. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
29. Mortimer, J. T., Finch, M. D. & Kumka, D. (1982). Persistence and change in development: The multidimensional self-concept. In P. B. Baltes & O. G. Brim Jr. (Eds), Life-span development and behaviour, vol. 4, pp. 3-313. New York: Academic Press.
30. Nehrke, M. F., Hulicka, I. M. & Morgana, J. B. (1980). Age differences in life satisfaction, locus of control, and self-concept. International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 11, 25-33.
31. Robson, M. (1988). Self-esteem: A psychiatric view. British Journal of Psychiatry, 153, 6-15.
32. Rosenberg, M. (1981). The self-concept: Social product and social force. In M. Rosenberg & R. H. Turner (Eds), Social psychology, sociological perspective, pp. 593-624. New York: Basic Books.
33. Rosenberg, M. (1986). Self-concept from middle childhood through adolescence. In J. Sules & A. G. Greenwald (Eds), Psychological perspectives on the self, vol. 3, pp. 107-136. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
34. Savin-Williams, R. C. & Demo, D. H. (1983). Situational and transituational determinants of adolescent self feelings. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 44, 824-833.
35. Schwalbe, M. L. (1985). Autonomy in work and self-esteem. Sociology Quarterly, 26, 519-535.
36. Sherwood, J. J. (1970). Self actualization and self identity. Personality, 1, 41-63.
37. Shelter, J. & Gergen, K. J. (Eds) (1989). Texts of identity. London: Sage.
38. Swann, W. B. Jr., (1990). To be adored or to be known: The interplay of self-enhancement and self-verification. In R. M. Sorrentino & E. T. Higgins (Eds), Handbook of motivation and cognition, vol. 2, pp. 408-448. New York: Guilford Press.
39. Swann, W. B. Jr., Griffin, J. J. Jr., Predmore, S. C. & Gaines, B. (1987). The cognitive-affective crossfire: When self consistency confronts self enhancement. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52, 991-889.
40. Swann, W. B. Jr., Hixon, G. J. & De La Ronde, C. (1992). Embracing the bitter truth: Negative self-concepts and marital commitment. Psychological Science, 3, 118-121.
41. Taylor, S. E. & Brown, J. D. (1988). Illusion and well being: A social psychological perspective on health. Psychological Bulletin, 103, 193-210.
42. Turner, R. H. & Schutte, J. (1981). The true self method for studying the self-conception. Symbolic Interaction, 4, 1-20.