Hong Kong's Embattled Democracy: Perspectives from East Asian NIEs

Issues and Studies

Volumn 33, Issue 8, 1997, Pages 63-80

  So, Alvin Y ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII   (United States)

Author keywords

Comparative politics; Democracy; Hong Kong; South Korea; Taiwan

Indexed keywords

EID: 0346442593     PISSN: 10132511     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (40)

1. Samuel P. Huntington, The Third Wave: Democratization in the Late Twentieth Century (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1991).
2. Tun-jen Cheng and Eun Mee Kim, "Making Democracy: Generalizing the South Korean Case, in The Politics of Democratization: Generalizing East Asian Experience, ed. Edward Friedman (Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 1994), 125-47; Tien Hung-mao, "Taiwan's Evolution Toward Democracy: A Historical Perspective," in Taiwan: Beyond the Economic Miracle, ed. Denis F. Simon and Michael Y. M. Kau (Armonk, N.Y.: M. E. Sharpe, 1992), 3-23.
3. Tun-jen Cheng and Eun Mee Kim, "Making Democracy: Generalizing the South Korean Case, in The Politics of Democratization: Generalizing East Asian Experience, ed. Edward Friedman (Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 1994), 125-47; Tien Hung-mao, "Taiwan's Evolution Toward Democracy: A Historical Perspective," in Taiwan: Beyond the Economic Miracle, ed. Denis F. Simon and Michael Y. M. Kau (Armonk, N.Y.: M. E. Sharpe, 1992), 3-23.
4. Seymour Martin Lipset, "The Social Requisites of Democracy Revisited," American Sociological Review 59, no. 1 (1994): 1-22.
5. Samuel P. Huntington, "Will More Countries Become Democratic?" Political Science Quarterly 99, no. 2 (1984): 193-218.
6. Larry Diamond, "Introduction: Persistence, Erosion, Breakdown, and Renewal," in Democracy in Developing Countries: Asia, ed. Larry Diamond, Juan J. Linz, and Seymour Martin Lipset (Boulder, Colo.: Lynne Rienner, 1989), 1-52.
7. Ming K. Chan, "Democracy Derailed," in The Hong Kong Basic Law, ed. Ming K. Chan and David J. Clark (Armonk, N.Y.: M. E. Sharpe, 1991), 3-33.
8. Suzanne Pepper, "Hong Kong in 1994," Asian Survey 35, no. 1 (January 1995): 48-60.
9. Alvin Y. So, "Hong Kong People Ruling Hong Kong! The Rise of the New Middle Class in Negotiation Politics, 1982-1984," Asian Affairs 20, no. 2 (1993): 67-87.
10. Alvin Y. So and Ludmilla Kwitko, "The Transformation of Urban Movements in Hong Kong, 1970-90," Bulletin of Concerned Asian Scholars 24, no. 4 (1992): 32-44.
11. Alvin Y. So, "The New Middle Class and the Democratic Movement in Hong Kong," Journal of Contemporary Asia 20, no. 3 (1990): 384-98.
12. Ian Scott, Political Change and the Crisis of Legitimacy in Hong Kong (Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1989), 298-305.
13. John D. Young, "Red Colony: Hong Kong 1997" (Paper presented at the conference on Hong Kong: Towards 1997 and Beyond, Honolulu, January 1989).
14. Mark Roberti, The Fall of Hong Kong: China's Triumph and Britain's Betrayal (New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1994), 249-54.
15. See note 6 above.
16. John Burns, "Hong Kong in 1993: The Struggle for Authority Intensifies," Asian Survey 34, no. 1 (January 1994): 55-63.
17. Asiaweek, September 29, 1995, 34; Far Eastern Economic Review, November 29, 1995, 36.
18. Asiaweek, September 29, 1995, 34; Far Eastern Economic Review, November 29, 1995, 36.
19. Ngai-ling Sum, "More Than a War of Words: Identity, Politics, and the Struggle for Dominance during the Recent Political Reform Period in Hong Kong," Economy and Society 24, no. 1 (1995): 67-100.
20. Hsin-chi Kuan, "Power Dependence and Democratic Transition: The Case of Hong Kong," The China Quarterly no. 128 (December 1991): 775-93: Lau Siu-ka, "Hong Kong's Path of Democratization," Asiatische Studien Etudes Asiatiques 49, no. 1 (1995): 71-90.
21. Hsin-chi Kuan, "Power Dependence and Democratic Transition: The Case of Hong Kong," The China Quarterly no. 128 (December 1991): 775-93: Lau Siu-ka, "Hong Kong's Path of Democratization," Asiatische Studien Etudes Asiatiques 49, no. 1 (1995): 71-90.
22. Alvin Y. So and Reginald Kwok, "Socioeconomic Core, Political Periphery: Hong Kong's Uncertain Transition Toward the Twenty-First Century," in The Hong Kong-Guangdong Link: Partnership in Flux, ed. Reginald Kwok and Alvin Y. So (Armonk, N.Y.: M. E. Sharpe, 1995), 251-58.
23. Thomas B. Gold, State and Society in the Taiwan Miracle (Armonk, N.Y.: M. E. Sharpe, 1986), 62-63, 89.
24. Hsin-huang Michael Hsiao, "Formation and Transformation of Taiwan's State-Business Relations: A Critical Analysis," Bulletin of the Institute of Ethnology, no. 74 (1991): 1-32.
25. Walden Bello and Stephanie Rosenfeld, Dragons in Distress: Asia's Miracle Economies in Crisis (San Francisco: The Institute for Food and Development Policy, first revised printing, 1992), 175-285.
26. Chen Guying, "The Reform Movement among Intellectuals in Taiwan since 1970," Bulletin of Concerned Asian Scholars 14, no. 3 (1982): 32-47.
27. Alvin Y. So, "Democratization in East Asia in the Late 1980s: Taiwan Breakthrough, Hong Kong Frustration," Studies in Comparative International Development 28, no. 2 (1993): 60-79.
28. Hsin-huang Michael Hsiao and Alvin Y. So, "The Taiwan-Mainland Economic Nexus: Socio-political Origins, State-Society Impacts, and Future Prospects," Bulletin of Concerned Asian Scholars 28, no. 1 (1996): 3-12.
29. Tun-jen Cheng, "Economic Consequences of Democratization in Taiwan and South Korea" (American Political Science Association Working Papers in Taiwan Studies, 1996).
30. Alice Amsden, Asia's Next Giant: South Korea and Late Industrialization (New York: Oxford University Press, 1989), 79-113.
31. Choi Jang Jip, Labor and the Authoritarian State: Labor Unions in South Korean Manufacturing Industries, 1961-1980 (Seoul: Korea University Press, 1989).
32. Carter J. Eckert, "The South Korean Bourgeoisie: A Class in Search of Hegemony," in State and Society in Contemporary Korea, ed. Hagen Koo (Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1993), 95-130.
33. Hagen Koo, "Introduction: Beyond State-Market Relations," ibid., 1-21.
34. Quoted in Eckert, "The South Korean Bourgeoisie," 95.
35. Hagen Koo, "The State, Minjung, and the Working Class in South Korea," in Koo, State and Society in Contemporary Korea, 131-62.
36. Cheng and Kim, "Making Democracy," 134.
37. See note 32 above.
38. Hsin-huang Michael Hsiao and Hagen Koo, "The Middle Class and Democratization in East Asia: Taiwan and South Korea Compared," in Consolidating the Third Wave Democracies, ed. Larry Diamond (Newbury Park: Sage Publications, forthcoming).
39. Ibid.
40. Philip Haddon-Cave, "Introduction," in The Business Environment in Hong Kong, ed. David Lethbridge (Hong Kong: Oxford University Press, 1984), xv-xx.