The role of engineered barriers in a UK repository for intermediate level radioactive waste

Interdisciplinary Science Reviews

Volumn 23, Issue 3, 1998, Pages 269-280

  Crossland, Ian G ^a,b  

^a United Kingdom Nirex Limited   (United Kingdom)

^b UK Nirex Ltd   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0346398376     PISSN: 03080188     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1179/isr.1998.23.3.269     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. 'Review of radioactive waste management policy' (Cmnd 2919), HMSO, London, UK, 1995.
2. OECD/NEA: 'The environmental and ethical basis of geological disposal. A collective opinion of the NEA Radioactive Waste Management Committee', 1995.
3. 'Disposal facilities on land for low and intermediate level radioactive wastes: guidance on requirements for authorisation (Radioactive Substances Act, 1993)', Environment Agency, Scottish Environmental Protection Agency, and Department of the Environment for Northern Ireland, 1997.
4. A. J. FRANCIS, R. CATHER, and I. G. CROSSLAND: 'Nirex reference vault backfill, current status 1994', Nirex science report S/98/004, 1997.
5. 'The physical and chemical characteristics of UK radioactive wastes', Nirex report 696 (also DOE/RAS/ 96.002), 1996.
6. 'Nirex 95: a preliminary analysis of the groundwater pathway for a deep repository at Sellafield', Nirex science report S/95/012, 1995.
7. 'Nirex 97: an assessment of the post-closure performance of a deep waste repository at Sellafield', Nirex science report S/97/012, 1997.
8. M. M. ASKARIEH, A. V. CHAMBERS, and L. J. GOULD: 'Research into the effects of repository heterogeneity', Proc. Nirex/Royal Society of Chemistry Symp., December 1997, Nirex science report S/98/008.
9. A. V. CHAMBERS, S. J. WILLIAMS, and S. J. WISBEY: 'Nirex near field research: report on current status in 1994', Nirex science report S/95/011, 1995.
10. J. E. CROSS, A. D. MORETON, and C. J. TWEED: 'Thermodynamic modelling of radioactive waste disposal: assessment of near-field solubility', Nirex report NSS/R311, 1995.
11. J. L. SMITH-BRIGGS, G. M. N. BASTON, M. BROWNSWORD, and A. J. SMITH: 'Solubility studies 1989 to 1992', Nirex report NSS/R357, 1996.
12. M. E. WINDSOR: 'STRAW: a source-term code for buried radioactive waste', Nirex report NSS/R158, 1989.
13. A. HAWORTH and S. M. SHARLAND: 'The evolution of Eh in the pore water of a radioactive waste repository', Nirex report NSS/R308, 1995.
14. C. C. NAISH, D. J. BLACKWOOD, K. J. TAYLOR, and M. I. THOMAS: 'The anaerobic corrosion of stainless steels in simulated repository backfill environments', Nirex report NSS/R307, 1995.
15. 2O gel phases formed by the hydration of OPC.
16. A. W. HARRIS, A. ATKINSON, G. B. COLE, A. HAWORTH, A. K. NICKERSON, and A. C. SMITH: 'The performance of cementitious barriers in repositories', Nirex report NSS/R389, 1997.
17. A. W. HARRIS: 'An assessment of the pH buffering provided by the cementitious backfill within a radioactive waste repository', Nirex report NSS/R323, 1997.
18. R. A. ALEXANDER, J. SMELLIE, C. LINKLATER, H. KHOURY, and A. M. MILODOWSKI: 'Maqarin phase II report', Nirex science report S/98/003.
19. A. ATKINSON, A. W. HARRIS, and J. A. HEARNE: 'Hydrothermal alteration and aging of synthetic calcium silicate hydrate gels', Nirex report NSS/R374, 1995.
20. J. E. CROSS and F. T. EWART: 'HATCHES - a thermodynamic database management system', Radiochim. Acta, 1991, 52/53, 421.
21. T. J. HEATH, N. J. PILKINGTON, C. J. TWEED, and S. J. WILLIAMS: 'Radionuclide solubility at high pH', Proc. Nirex/Royal Society of Chemistry Symp., December 1997, Nirex science report S/98/008.
22. J. E. GOLDBERG, L. J. GOULD, T. G. HEATH, A. M. THOMPSON, and C. J. TWEED: 'Development of a methodology for modelling the redox chemistry and predicting the redox potential of the near field of a cementitious repository', Nirex report NSS/R398, 1995.
23. 2-bearing solutions', Radiochim. Acta, to be published.
24. R. S. BAYLlSS, R. McCROHON, P. OLIVER, N. J. PILKINGTON, and H. P. THOMASON: 'Near field solubility studies: January 1989 to June 1991', Nirex report NSS/R277, 1997.
25. D. A. LEVER: 'Some notes on experiments measuring diffusion of sorbed nuclides through porous media', UKAEA report R-12321, 1986.
26. S. BAKER, T. G. HEATH, and R. McCROHON: 'Sorption of radionuclides by cement minerals', Proc. Nirex/Royal Society of Chemistry Symp., December 1997, Nirex science report S/98/008.
27. M. P. GARDINER, G. J. HOLTOM, and S. W. SWANTON: 'The influence of colloids, microbes and other perturbations on the near-field source term', Proc. Nirex/Royal Society of Chemistry Symp., December 1997, Nirex science report S/98/008.
28. W. MULLER, R. ALEXANDER, N. CHAPMAN, I. McKINLEY, and J. SMELLIE: 'Natural analogue studies in the geological disposal of radioactive wastes', Studies in Environmental Science 57, 255; 1994, Amsterdam, Elsevier.
29. s. PAIN: 'The intraterrestrials', New Scientist, 7 March 1998, 28.
30. D. J. ILETT, N. J. PILKINGTON, and C. J. TWEED: 'Complexation of radionuclides', Proc. Nirex/Royal Society of Chemistry Symp., December 1997, Nirex science report S/98/008.
31. W. N. HARRISON: The effects of cellulose degradation on waste plutonium solubility', PhD thesis, University of Birmingham, 1992.
32. P. D. REDFERN: 'Alkaline degradation of carbohydrates', PhD thesis, University of Birmingham, 1996.
33. B. F. GREENFIELD, W. N. HARRISON, G. P. ROBERTSON, P. J. SOMERS, and M. W. SPINDLER: 'Mechanistic studies of the alkaline degradation of cellulose in cement', Nirex report NSS R272, 1993.
34. B. F. GREENFIELD, M. H. HURDUS, N. J. PILKINGTON, M. W. SPINDLER, and S. J. WILLIAMS: 'The degradation of cellulose in the near field of a radioactive waste repository', in 'Scientific basis for nuclear waste management XVII', (ed. A. Barkatt and R. A. van Konynenburg), 707-710; 1994, Pittsburgh, PA, MRS.
35. G. MACHELL and G. N. RICHARDS: 'Mechanism of saccharinic acid formation. Part 1. Competing reactions in the alkaline degradation of 4-O-methyl-D-glucose, maltose, amylose and cellulose', J. Chem. Soc., 1960, 1924-1931.
36. T. P. NEVELL and S. H. ZERONIAN (e;d.): 'Cellulose chemistry and its applications'; 1985, Chichester, Ellis Horwood.
37. D. HENKE: 'Synthesis of model compounds related to products of cellulose degradation', PhD thesis, University of Birmingham, 1996.
38. B. F. GREENFIELD, M. H. HURDUS, M. W. SPINDLER, and H. P. THOMASON: 'The effects of the products from the anaerobic degradation of cellulose on the solubility and sorption of radioelements in the near field', Nirex report NSS/R376, 1997.
39. F. M. PORTER, C. C. NAISH, and S. M. SHARLAND: 'A probabilistic approach to assessing radioactive waste container lifetimes', Proc. Fifth Int. Conf. on High Level Radioactive Waste Management, Las Vegas, NV, May 1994, ANS, 1008-1013.
40. F. M. PORTER and A. V. CHAMBERS: 'The development and application of RARECAN', Nirex report NSS/R396, 1996.