Tackling Health Inequalities in the United Kingdom: The Progress and Pitfalls of Policy

Health Services Research

Volumn 38, Issue 6 II, 2003, Pages 1905-1922

  Exworthy, Mark ^a   Blane, David ^b   Marmot, Michael ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b IMPERIAL COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^c UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Central government; Health inequalities; Implementation; Policy; U.K.

Indexed keywords

GOVERNMENT; HEALTH CARE DISTRIBUTION; HEALTH CARE POLICY; HEALTH CARE QUALITY; INCOME; REVIEW; TAX; UNITED KINGDOM;

EID: 0346390770     PISSN: 00179124     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1475-6773.2003.00208.x     Document Type: Review

References (55)

1. Acheson, D. (chair) 1998a. Independent Inquiry into Inequalities in Health. London: The Stationery Office.
2. -. 1998b. "Report on Inequalities in Health Did Give Priority for Steps to Be Tackled." Letter. British Medical Journal 317 (12): 1659.
3. Berkman L., and I. Kawachi, eds. 2000. Social Epidemiology. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
4. Berridge, V., and S. Blume. 2003. Poor Health: Social Inequality before and after the Black Report. London: Frank Cass.
5. Birch, S. 1999. "The 39 steps: The Mystery of Health Inequalities in the UK." Health Economics 8: 301-8.
6. Black, D. (chair) 1980. Inequalities in Health. London: Penguin.
7. Blane, D. 1999. "The Life-course, Social Gradient and Health." In Social Determinants of Health, edited by M. Marmot and R. G. Wilkinson, chap. 4, pp. 64-80. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
8. Brewer, M., and P. Gregg. 2001. Eradicating Child Poverty in Britain: We Care Reform and Children since 1997. Report no. WP01/08. London: Institute for Fiscal Studies.
9. Cabinet Office 2000. Wiring It Up: Whitehall's Management of Cross-cutting Policies and Services: A Performance and Innovation Unit report London: Cabinet Office.
10. Challis, L., S. Fuller, M. Henwood, R. Klein, W. Plowden, A. Webb, P. Whittingham, and G. Wistow. 1988. Joint Approaches to Social Policy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
11. Dahlgreen, G., and M. Whitehead. 1991. Policies and Strategies to Promote Social Equity in Health. Stockholm: Institute of Future Studies.
12. Davey-Smith, G. 2001. "How Policy Informs the Evidence." British Medical Journal 322 (27): 1884-5.
13. Davey-Smith, G., M. Bartley, and D. Blane. 1990. "The Black Report on Socioeconomic Inequalities in Health: Ten Years on." British Medical Journal 301: 373-7.
14. Davey-Smith, G., J. N. Morris, and M. Shaw. 1998. "The Independent Inquiry into Inequalities in Health." British Medical Journal 317 (28): 1465-6.
15. Davies, H. T. O., S. Nutley, and Smith, eds. 2000. What Works? Evidence-based Policy and Practice in the Public Services. Bristol: Policy Press.
16. Deakin, N., and R. Parry. 2000. The Treasury and Social Policy: The Contest for Control of Welfare Strategy. Basingstoke: Palgrave.
17. Department of Health. 1998a. "Government Committed to the Greatest Ever Reduction in Health Inequalities, Says Dobson." Press release 98/547, 26 November.
18. Department of Health. 1998b. Our Healthier Nation. Green Paper Command 3852. London: The Stationery Office.
19. Department of Health. 1999. Saving Lives: Our Healthier Nation. White Paper Command 4386. London: The Stationery Office.
20. Dolowitz, P. 2003. "A Policy-maker's Guide to Policy Transfer. " Political Quarterly 74 (1): 101-8.
21. Evans, R. G. 2002. "Interpreting and Addressing Inequalities in Health: From Black to Acheson to Blair to ...?" Seventh annual lecture, Office of Health Economic, London.
22. Exworthy, M. 2003. "The Second Black Report? The Acheson Report as Another Opportunity to Tackle Health Inequalities." In Poor Health edited by V. Berridge and S. Blume, pp. 175-97. London: Frank Cass.
23. Exworthy, M., L. Berney, and M. Powell. 2002. "'How Great Expectations in Westminster May Be Dashed Locally': The Local Implementation of National Policy on Health Inequalities." Policy and Politics 30 (1): 79-96.
24. Exworthy, M., M. Stuart, D. Blane, and M. Marmot. 2003. Tackling Health Inequalities Since the Acheson Inquiry. Bristol: Policy Press.
25. Flinders, A. 2002. "Governance in Whitehall." Public Administration 80 (1): 51-75.
26. Guy, K., ed. 1997. Our Promise to Our Children. Ottawa, ON: Health Canada.
27. Her Majesty's Treasury/Department of Health. 2002. Tackling Health Inequalities: Summary of the 2002 Cross-Cutting Review. London: HM Treasury.
28. House of Commons (Health Select Committee). 2001. Inquiry into Public Health. HC30-1. March. London: The Stationery Office.
29. Illsley, R. 1999. "Reducing Health Inequalities: Britain's Latest Attempt." Health Affairs 18 (3): 45-6.
30. Jarvis, M. 1997. "Patterns and Predictors of Smoking Cessation in the General Population." In Progress in Respiratory Research: The Tobacco Epidemic, edited by C. Bolliger and K. Fagerstrom, chap. 7, pp. 151-64. Basel: S. Karger.
31. Kingdon, J. 1995. Agendas, Alternatives and Public Policy. New York: HarperCollins.
32. Klein, R. 2000. "From Evidence-Based Medicine to Evidence-Based Policy?" Journal of Health Services Research and Policy 5 (2): 65-6.
33. Lawson, L., M. Mackenzie, J. Mackinnon, F. Meth, and J. Truman. 2002. Health Action Zones: Integrated Case Studies: Preliminary Findings from Fieldwork in Spring 2001. Glasgow: Glasgow University.
34. Ling, T. 2002. "Delivering Joined-Up Government in the UK: Dimensions, Issues and Problems." Public Administration 80 (4): 615-42.
35. Lurie, N. 2002. "What the Federal Government Can Do about the Non-medical Determinants of Health." Health Affairs 21 (2): 94-106.
36. Macintyre, S. 1999. "Reducing Health Inequalities: An Action Report." Critical Public Health 9 (4): 347-50.
37. Macintyre, S., I. Chalmers, R. Horton, and R. Smith. 2001. "Using Evidence to Inform Policy: Case-Study." British Medical Journal 322 (27): 222-5.
38. Mackenbach, J. P., K. Stronks, and A. E. Kunst. 1989. "The Contribution of Medical Care to Inequalities in Health." Social Science and Medicine 29 (3): 369-76.
39. Marmot, M. 1999. "Introduction." In Social Determinants of Health, edited by M. Marmot and R. G. Wilkinson, chap. 1, pp. 1-16. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
40. Marmot, M., and M. Shipley. 1996. "Do Socio-economic Differences in Mortality Persist after Retirement? Twenty-five-year Follow-up of Civil Servants from the First Whitehall Study." British Medical Journal 313: 1177-80.
41. Marmot M., and R. G. Wilkinson, eds. 1999. Social Determinants of Health. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
42. Office of the Deputy Prime Minister. 2003. Review of Area-Based Initiatives: Impacts and Outcomes. London: Regional Coordination Unit.
43. Office of National Statistics. 2002. "Households below Average Income Statistics." First release: 11 April 2002. London: Office of National Statistics.
44. Oliver, A. 2001. Why Care about Health Inequalities. London: Office of Health Economics.
45. Oliver, A., and M. Exworthy, eds. 2003. Health Inequalities: Evidence, Policy and Implementation. London: Nuffield Trust.
46. Osbourne, D., and T. Gaebler. 1992. Reinventing Government: How the Entrepreneurial Spirit is Transforming the Public Sector. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
47. Paull, G., J. Taylor, and A. Duncan. 2002. Mothers' Employment and Childcare Use in the UK London: Institute of Fiscal Studies.
48. Rhodes, R. A. W. 1997. Understanding Governance. Buckingham, U.K.: Open University Press.
49. Richards, S. 2001. "Four Types of Joined Up Government and the Problem of Accountability." In Joining It Up to Improve Public Services 2001-2002. Appendix 2, pp. 61-70, report no. HC383. London: National Audit Office.
50. Smedley, B., A. Stith, and A. Nelson. 2002. Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Healthcare. Washington, DC: Institute of Medicine.
51. Sure Start. (nd). Sure Start's Public Service Agreement 2001-2004: Technical Note. London: Department for Education and Skills.
52. Townsend, P., P. Davidson, and M. Whitehead. 1988. Inequalities in Health. London: Penguin.
53. Wilkin, D., A. Coleman, B. Dowling, and K. Smith. 2002. The National Tracker Survey of Primary Care Groups and Trusts 2001/2002. Taking Responsibility? Manchester: National Primary Care Research and Development Centre.
54. Williams, A. 1999. "Commentary on the Acheson Report." Health Economics 8: 297-9.
55. Wolman, H. 1981. "The Determinants of Program Success and Failure." Journal of Public Policy 1 (4): 433-64.