Inter-National and Intra-Country Economic Integration: The Case of China

Issues and Studies

Volumn 38, Issue 3, 2002, Pages 33-58

  Yang, Jiawen ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0346346606     PISSN: 10132511     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Lawrence Summers, "A Trade Round That Works for People," Financial Times, November 29, 1999, 17.
2. This section is based on literature made available by Carmen Cacho, "Regional Economic Integration" (1998), at 〈http://www.du.edu/-ccacho/index.html〉, accessed on April 20, 2001.
3. Bela Balassa, The Theory of Economic Integration (London: George Allen & Unwin, 1973), 1.
4. Bernard Mennis and Karl P. Sauvant, Emerging Forms of Transnational Community (Lexington: Lexington Books, 1976), 75.
5. Willem Molle, The Economics of European Integration (Aldershot: Dartmouth, 1991), 5.
6. John Pinder, "Problems of European Integration," in Economic Integration in Europe, ed. Geoffrey Denton (London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1969), 143-45.
7. Margarita Maksimova, "Comments on Paper: Types of Economic Integration by B. Balassa," in Economic Integration Worldwide, ed. Fritz Machlup (London: Macmillan., 1976), 33.
8. Ibid.
9. See note 3 above.
10. Dennis Swann, European Economic Integration: The Common Market, European Union and Beyond (Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 1996), 3.
11. Franklyn D. Holzman, International Trade under Communism: Politics and Economics (New York: Basic Books, 1976), 59.
12. Miroslav N. Jovanovic, ed., International Economic Integration: Limits and Prospects (London: Routledge, 1998), 8.
13. Peter Robson, The Economics of International Integration (London: George Allen and Unwin, 1987), 1.
14. Thomas A. Pugel and Peter H. Lindert, International Economics, eleventh edition (Boston: Irwin/McGraw-Hill, 2000).
15. Ibid., 214.
16. Ibid.
17. See note 2 above.
18. Dennis R. Appleyard and Alfred J. Field, Jr., International Economics, third edition (Boston: Irwin/McGraw-Hill, 1998), 375.
19. CNN, "Protests Delay Start of Americas Summit," April 20, 2001, available at 〈http: //www.cnn.com/2001/WORLD/americas/04/20/summit.americas.04/index.html〉 (accessed on April 20, 2001).
20. CNN, "Americas Summit Closes as Leaders Back Free Trade," April 23, 2001, available at 〈http://www.cnn.com/2001/WORLD/americas/04/22/summit.americas.04/index. html〉 (accessed on April 23, 2001).
21. See M. Shahid Alam, Poverty from the Wealth of Nations: Integration and Polarization in the Global Economy since 1760 (London: Macmillan, 2000), for discussions of international economic integration and polarization in the global economy since 1760.
22. Ibid., 1.
23. Concentration ratio is often defined as the share (e.g., in sales or value-added) of a particular number of firms in the entire market/industry.
24. Fritz Machlup, A History of Thought on Economic Integration (London: Macmillan, 1979), 3.
25. Jovanovic, International Economic Integration, 5.
26. chising or setting up branches throughout a country. Such franchising or branching may require standardization of the products or services involved, however, which may prove to be difficult, as evidenced by the lack of prevalence of such arrangements in the real world.
27. Frank J. Fabozzi and Franco Modigliani, Capital Markets: Institutions and Instruments, second edition (New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1996), 49.
28. As of June 30, 2002, McDonald's had 30,464 restaurants in 121 countries, of which slightly fewer than half - between 13,000 and 15,000 - were located in the United States (see 〈http://www.mcdonalds.com/〉, accessed on October 19, 2002). As of August 9, 2002, the United States had 27,863 postal offices (U.S. Postal Services: Financial and Operating Statements, Accounting Period 12, PFY2002, see 〈http://www.usps.com〉, accessed on October 19, 2002). McDonald's businesses cover approximately one-half of its potential market as measured by the number of postal offices.
29. "WTO, GATS: Fact and Fiction: Why is the Liberalization of Services Important?" available at 〈http://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/serv_e/gats_factfiction2_e.htm〉.
30. Martin Wolf, "In Defense of Global Capitalism," Financial Times, December 8, 1999.
31. Dala is from the Third National Industrial Survey, China State Statistical Bureau, 2001, available at 〈http://www/stats.gov.cn/tjgb/gypcgb/qggypcgb/200203310150.htm〉, accessed on October 4, 2002.
32. "Consumption Survey of Urban Residents in China," Renmin ribao (People's Daily) (Overseas edition), December 22, 1997.
33. The Chinese economy may be regarded as being highly integrated before economic reform (as discussed earlier), yet this integration was a network of state monopolies rather than a competitive market.
34. Alam, Poverty from the Wealth of Nations, 1.