Influence of floor type and stocking density on leg weakness, osteochondrosis and claw disorders in slaughter pigs

Animal Science

Volumn 77, Issue 3, 2003, Pages 439-449

  Jorgensen B ^a  

^a DANISH INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES   (Denmark)

Author keywords

Claws; Floor type; Leg weakness; Pigs; Stocking density

Indexed keywords

SUS SCROFA;

EID: 0346343668     PISSN: 13577298     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/s1357729800054382     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Albarano, T. 1993. [The effect of different environmental factors on the tensile strength and hardness of the hoof horn of cattle and swine.] Thesis, Veterinär-Medizinischen Fakultät der Universität Zürich.
2. Ambrosen, K. 1996. [The effect of stocking density on production results and economy in swineherds with fully slatted floors and all in-all out production.] Meddelelse 345. Copenhagen, Landsudvalget for Svin, Den rullende Afprøvning.
3. Brennan, J. J. and Aherne, F. X. 1987. Effect of floor type on the severity of foot lesions and osteochondrosis in swine. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 67: 517-523.
4. Dewey, C. E. 1999. Diseases of the nervous and locomotor systems. In Diseases of swine (ed. B. E. Straw), pp. 861-882. Iowa State University Press, Ames, IA.
5. Elliot, J. I. and Doige, C. E. 1973. Effects of type of confinement on performance and on the occurrence of locomotory disturbances in market pigs. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 53: 211-217.
6. Empel, W. 1980. Pathomorphological lesions in the skeleton and incidence of leg weakness syndrome in six month old Norwegian Landrace pigs. Annals of Warsaw Agricultural University, Veterinary Medicine 10: 33-38.
7. Empel, W., Walach-Janiak, M. and Fandrejewski, H. 1980. Influence of intensity of feeding and protein body content on the incidence of osteochondrosis in six-month-old pigs. Annals of Warsaw Agricultural University, Veterinary Medicine 10: 39-43.
8. Enfält, A. -C., Lundström, K., Hansson, I., Karlsson, A., Essén-Gustavsson, B. and Håkansson, J. 1993. Moderate indoor exercise: effect on production and carcass traits, muscle enzyme activities and meat quality in pigs. Animal Production 57: 127-135.
9. Fredeen, H. T. and Sather, A. P. 1978. Joint damage in pigs reared under confinement. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 58: 759-773.
10. Fritschen, R. D. 1979. Housing and its effect on feet and leg problems. Proceedings of the Pig Veterinary Society, vol. 5, pp. 95-98.
11. Fritschen, R. D., Hogg, A. and Cunningham, P. J. 1976. The effect of material and management on claw characteristics and lameness of growing-finishing swine. The Pig Journal 5: 95-98.
12. Goedegebuure, S. A., Rothschild, M. F., Christian, L. L. and Ross, R. F. 1988. Severity of osteochondrosis in three genetic lines of Duroc swine divergently selected for front leg-weakness. Livestock Production Science 19: 487-498.
13. Grøndalen, T. 1974a. Osteochondrosis and arthrosis in pigs. VI. Relationship to feed level and calcium, phosphorus and protein levels in the ration. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 15: 147-169.
14. Grøndalen, T. 1974b. Leg weakness in pigs. I. Incidence and relationship to skeletal lesions, feeding level, protein and mineral supply, exercise and exterior conformation. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 15: 555-573.
15. Grøndalen, T. and Vangen, O. 1974. Osteochondrosis and arthrosis in pigs. V. A comparison of the incidence in three different lines of the Norwegian Landrace breed. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 15: 61-79.
16. Hacker, R. R., Du, Z. and D'arcy, C. J. 1994. Influence of penning type and feeding level on sexual behavior and feet and leg soundness in boars. Journal of Animal Science 72: 2531-2537.
17. Hanssen, J. T. and Grøndalen, T. 1979. The effect of different dietary factors on growth and development in young boars and gilts. Zeitschrift für Tierphysiologie, Tierernährung und Futtermittelkunde 42: 65-83.
18. Häni, H., Troxler, J. and Würsten, B. 1983. [Influence of housing on the incidence and severity of osteochondrosis in fattening pigs: open front stables on deep straw bedding and partly slatted floor.] Schweizer Archiv für Tierheilkunde 125: 453-475.
19. Jørgensen, B. 1982. [The effect of pen size on leg weakness in boars in the growing period.] Meddelelse 411. København, Statens Husdyrbrugsforsøg.
20. Jørgensen, B. 1995. Effect of different energy and protein levels on leg weakness and osteochondrosis in pigs. Livestock Production Science 41: 171-181.
21. Jørgensen, B. 2000. Osteochondrosis/osteoarthrosis and claw disorders in sows, associated with leg weakness. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 41: 123-138.
22. Jørgensen, B. and Andersen, S. 2000. Genetic parameters for osteochondrosis in Danish Landrace and Yorkshire boars and correlations with leg weakness and production traits. Animal Science 71: 427-434.
23. Jørgensen, B. and Vestergaard, T. 1990. Genetics of leg weakness in boars at the Danish pig breeding stations. Acta Agriculturæ Scandinavica 40: 59-69.
24. Lundeheim, N. 1987. Genetic analysis of osteochondrosis and leg weakness in the Swedish pig progeny testing scheme. Acta Agriculturæ Scandinavica 37: 159-173.
25. Lundeheim, N. and Rydhmer, L. 1990. Genetic analysis of osteochondrosis and leg weakness in the Swedish Landrace pig population. Proceedings of the fourth world congress on genetics applied to livestock production, vol. XV, pp. 493-496.
26. Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food. 1981. Injuries caused by flooring: a survey in Pig Health Scheme herds. Pig Veterinary Journal 8: 119-123.
27. Mouttotou, N., Hatchell, F. M. and Green, L. E. 1998. Advertitious bursitis of the hock in finishing pigs: prevalence, distribution and association with floor type and foot lesions. Veterinary Record 142: 109-114.
28. Mouttotou, N., Hatchell, F. M. and Green, L. E. 1999. Prevalence and risk factors associated with adventitious bursitis in live growing and finishing pigs in south-west England. Preventive Veterinary Medicine 39: 39-52.
29. Nakano, T., Aherne, F. X. and Thompson, J. R. 1979. Effects of feed restriction, sex and diethylstilbestrol on the occurence of joint lesions with some histological and biochemical studies of the articular cartilage of growing-finishing swine. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 59: 491-502.
30. Nakano, T., Aherne, F. X. and Thompson, J. R. 1981. Leg weakness and osteochondrosis in pigs. Pig News and Information 2: 29-34.
31. Newton, G. L., Booram, C. V., Hale, O. M. and Mullinix Jr, B. G. 1980. Effect of four types of floor slats on certain feet characteristics and performance of swine. Journal of Animal Science 50: 7-20.
32. Pedersen, P. N. 1994. [Leg weakness and production results of gilts at different stocking densities.] Erfaring 9416. Copenhagen, Landsudvalget for Svin, Den rullende Afprøvning.
33. Penny, R. H. C. 1979. Genetical, physiological and anatomical factors contributing to foot, limb and other disorders, attributable to floors, in growing and adult pigs. In Animal housing. Proceedings of a symposium held at Cement and Concrete Association, Fulmer Grange, Slough, pp. 29-47.
34. Perrin, W. R., Aherne, F. X., Bowland, J. P. and Hardin, R. T. 1978. Effects of age, breed and the floor type on the incidence of articular cartilage lesions in pigs. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 58: 129-138.
35. Petersen, J. S., Oksbjerg, N., Jørgensen, B. and Sørensen, M. T. 1998. Growth performance, carcass composition and leg weakness in pigs exposed to different levels of physical activity. Animal Science 66: 725-732.
36. Probst, v. D., Keller, H. and Troxler, J. 1990. [The influence of housing on the development of weals and subcutaneous bursae in extremities of pigs.] Deutsche Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 97: 11-14.
37. Reiland, S. 1978. The effect of decreased growth rate on frequency and severity of osteochondrosis in pigs. Acta Radiologica 358: 107-122.
38. Reiland, S., Ordell-Gustafson, N. and Lundeheim, N. 1980. Heredity of osteochondrosis. A correlative and comparative investigation in different breeds using progeny testing. Proceedings of the sixth international Pig Veterinary Society congress, 30 June-3 July 1980, Denmark, p. 328.
39. Rothschild, M. F. and Christian, L. L. 1988. Genetic control of front-leg weakness in Duroc swine. I. Direct response to five generations of divergent selection. Livestock Production Science 19: 459-471.
40. Sather, A. P. and Fredeen, H. T. 1982. The effect of confinement housing upon the incidence of leg weakness in swine. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 62: 1119-1128.
41. Schulenburg, A. v. d. 1985. [Hardness-testing of the hoof-horn of fattening pigs using a hardness-tester after Shore D]. Deutsche Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 92: 470-473.
42. Schulenburg, A. v. d., Meyer, K. and Dierks-Meyer, B. 1986. [Orthopaedic and microstructural studies on claw horn in fattening pigs in stalls of varying types.] Journal of Veterinary Medicine, Series A-Physiology, Pathology, Clinical Medicine 33: 767-776.
43. Sehested, E. and Empel, W. 1986. [Osteochondrosis in Norwegian Landrace diagnosed by computed tomography (CT). Severity and association with other factors.] NJF-seminar no. 111: Förbättringar av husdjurens benhälsa, 7-8 October 1986, Sånga-Säby, Sweden, p. 11.
44. Statistical Analysis Systems Institute. 1992. SAS™ technical report P-229, SAS/STAT™ software: changes and enhancements, release 6. 07. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC.
45. Steiger, A. 1976. [The influence of housing systems and housing factors in slaughter pigs on the animals behaviour, health status and performance.] Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bern.
46. Wal, P. G. v. d., Valk, P. C. v. d., Goedegebuure, S. A. and Essen, G. v. 1983. Do gilts and barrows react similarly with respect to leg weakness and Osteochondrosis? Veterinary Quarterly 5: 175-177.
47. Webb, A. J., Russell, W. S. and Sales, D. I. 1983. Genetics of leg weakness in performance-tested boars. Animal Production 36: 117-130.
48. Webb, N. G., Penny, R. H. C. and Johnston, A. M. 1984. Effect of a dietary supplement of biotin on pig hoof horn strength and hardness. Veterinary Record 114: 189.
49. Wilson, R. D., Christian, L. L. and Schneider, J. F. 1980. The effects of sire soundness classification and feed restriction on performance and leg scores in pigs. Journal of Animal Science 51: 132 (abstr.).
50. Wright, A. I., Osborne, A. D., Penny, R. H. C. and Gray, E. M. 1972. Foot-rot in pigs: experimental production of the disease. Veterinary Record 90: 93-99.