Increasing urban wage inequality in China extent, elements and evaluation

Economics of Transition

Volumn 11, Issue 4, 2003, Pages 597-619

  Knight, John ^a   Song, Lina ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF NOTTINGHAM   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

China; Discrimination; Economic reform; Human capital; Inequality; Labour market; Segmentation; Wages

Indexed keywords

HUMAN CAPITAL; INCOME DISTRIBUTION; LABOR MARKET; WAGE DETERMINATION; WAGE GAP;

ASIA; CHINA; EURASIA; FAR EAST;

EID: 0346277069     PISSN: 09670750     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.0967-0750.2003.00168.x     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Arias, O., Hallock, K. and Sosa-Escudero, W. (2001). 'Individual heterogeneity in the returns to schooling: Instrumental quantile regression using twins data', Empirical Economics, 26(1), pp. 7-40.
2. Buchinsky, M. (1994). 'Changes in the US wage structure 1963-1987: Application of quantile regression', Econometrica, 62(2), pp. 405-58.
3. Deaton, A. (1997). The Analysis of Household Surveys. A Microeconometric Approach to Development Policy, Baltimore: The World Bank and Johns Hopkins University Press.
4. Fields, G. S. (1996). 'Accounting for differences in income inequality', Cornell University, mimeo.
5. Gottschalk, P. (1997). 'Inequality, income growth and mobility: The basic facts', Journal of Economic Perspectives, 11(2), pp. 21-40.
6. Griffin, K. and Zhao, R. (eds.) (1993). The Distribution of Income in China, London: Macmillan.
7. Gustafsson, B. and Li, S. (2001a). 'Economic transformation and the gender earnings gap in urban China', in C. Riskin, Li, S. and Zhao, R. (eds.), China's Retreat from Equality. Income Distribution and Economic Transition, Armonk, New York: M.E. Sharpe, 184-209.
8. Gustafsson, B. and Li, S. (2001b). 'The anatomy of rising earnings inequality in urban China', Journal of Comparative Economics, 29, pp. 118-35.
9. Howe, C. (1973). Wage Patterns and Wage Policy in Modern China, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
10. Jefferson, G. H. and Singh, I. (eds.) (1998). Enterprise Reform in China. Ownership, Transition and Performance, New York/Washington, DC: Oxford University Press/World Bank.
11. Jenkins, S. P. (1995). 'Accounting for inequality trends: Decomposition analysis for the UK, 1971-86', Economica, 62, pp. 29-64.
12. Knight, J. and Li, S. (2002). 'How does firm profitability affect wages in urban China?' Department of Economics, University of Oxford, September, mimeo.
13. Knight, J., Li, S. and Zhao, R. (1999). 'A spatial analysis of wages and incomes in urban China: Divergent means, convergent inequality', in C. Riskin, Zhao, R. and Li, S. (eds.), China's Retreat from Equality. Income Distribution and Economic Transition, Armonk, New York: M.E. Sharpe, 133-66.
14. Knight, J. and Song, L. (1991). 'The determinants of urban income inequality in China', Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 53(2), pp. 123-54.
15. Knight, J. and Song, L. (1993). 'Why urban wages differ in China', in Griffin, K. and Zhao, R. (eds.), The Distribution of Income in China, London: Macmillan, 216-84.
16. Knight, J. and Song, L. (1995). 'Towards a labour market in China', Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 11(4), pp. 97-117.
17. Knight, J. and Song, L. (1999). 'Employment constraints and sub-optimality in Chinese enterprises', Oxford Economic Papers, 51(2), pp. 284-99.
18. Knight, J., Song, L. and Jia, H. (2001). 'Chinese rural migrants in urban enterprises: Three perspectives', Journal of Development Studies, 35(3), pp. 73-104.
19. Knight, J. and Yueh, L. (2002). 'A labour market in motion? Job mobility in urban China', University of Oxford, Department of Economics, January, mimeo.
20. Koenker, R. and Hallock, K. (2001). 'Quantile regression', Journal of Economic Perspectives, 15(4), pp. 143-56.
21. Korzec, M. and Whyte, M. K. (1981). 'Reading notes: The Chinese wage system', China Quarterly, 86, June, pp. 248-73.
22. Lim, L. L. and Sziraczki, G. (1995). Employment Challenges and Policy Responses: Chinese and International Perspectives, Beijing: International Labour Office.
23. Maurer-Fazio, M. (1995). 'Labor reform in China: Crossing the river by feeling the stones', Comparative Economic Studies, 37(4), Winter, pp. 111-23.
24. Maurer-Fazio, M. (1999). 'Earnings and education in China's transition to a market economy. Survey evidence from 1989 and 1992', China Economic Review, 10(1), pp. 17-40.
25. Meng, X. (2002). 'Profit-sharing and the earnings gap between urban workers and rural-urban migrants in Chinese enterprises', Australian National University, Mimeo.
26. Mwabu, G. and Schultz, T. P. (1996). 'Education returns across quantiles of the wage function: Alternative explanations for the returns to education in South Africa', American Economic Review, 86, pp. 335-9.
27. People's Republic of China, Ministry of Labour (PRC, MOL) (1990). China Labour Yearbook 1990, Beijing: China Labour Press.
28. People's Republic of China, Ministry of Labour (PRC, MOL) (1996). China Labour Statistical Yearbook 1995, Beijing: China Statistical Publishing House.
29. People's Republic of China, State Statistical Bureau (PRC, SSB) (1997). China Statistical Yearbook 1997, Beijing: China Statistical Publishing House.
30. Ravallion, M. and Chen, S. (1999). 'When economic reform is faster than statistical reform: Measuring and explaining income inequality in rural China', Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 61(1), pp. 33-56.
31. Riskin, C., Zhao, R. and Li, S. (2001). China's Retreat from Equality. Income Distribution and Economic Transition, Armonk, New York: M.E. Sharpe.
32. Shirk, S. L. (1981). 'Recent Chinese labour policies and the transformation of industrial organisation in China', China Quarterly, 88, pp. 575-93.
33. Shorrocks, A. F. (1982). 'Inequality decomposition by factor components', Econometrica, 50, pp. 193-211.
34. Stata (1995). Reference Manual, Release 4, volume three, College Station, Texas: Stata Corporation.
35. Svejnar, J. (1999). 'Labor markets in the transitional central and east European economies', in Ashenfelter, O. and Card, D. (eds.), Handbook of Labor Economics, vol. 3B, Amsterdam: Elsevier, ch. 44, pp. 2809-57.
36. Topel, R. H. (1997). 'Factor proportions and relative wages: The supply side determinants of wage inequality', Journal of Economic Perspectives, 11(2), pp. 55-74.
37. Walder, A. G. (1987). 'Wage reform and the web of factory interests', China Quarterly, 109, March, pp. 22-41.
38. Warner, M. (1995). The Management of Human Resources in Chinese Industry, London: Macmillan.
39. White, G. (1988). 'Evolving relations between state and worker in the reform of China's urban industrial economy', in Feuchtwang, S., Hussain, A. and Pairault, T. (eds.), Transforming China's Economy in the Eighties, vol. 2, London: Zed Books.
40. Wood, A. (1993). North-South Trade. Employment and Inequality, Oxford: Clarendon Press.
41. World Bank, China and Mongolia Department (1991). 'China. Labor and wage reform: Recent progress and issues for the future', seminar paper, October, 1-15.
42. World Bank (1992). China: Reforming the Urban Employment and Wage System, June, Washington, DC: World Bank.
43. Zhu, Y. (1995). 'Major changes under way in China's industrial relations', International Labour Review, 134(1), pp. 37-49.