메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 22, Issue 2, 2003, Pages 145-159

Glaciers in Svalbard: Mass balance, runoff and freshwater flux

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FRESHWATER; GLACIAL HYDROLOGY; MASS BALANCE; RUNOFF;

EID: 0346238652     PISSN: 08000395     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-8369.2003.tb00104.x     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (188)

References (68)
  • 2
    • 0003264939 scopus 로고
    • The HBV model - Its structure and applications
    • Norrköping: Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute
    • Bergström, S. 1992: The HBV model-its structure and applications. SMHI Rep. Hydrol. 4. Norrköping: Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute.
    • (1992) SMHI Rep. Hydrol. , vol.4
    • Bergström, S.1
  • 4
    • 0028873652 scopus 로고
    • Positive degree-day factors for ablation on the Greenland ice sheet studied by energy-balance modelling
    • Braithwaite, R. 1995: Positive degree-day factors for ablation on the Greenland ice sheet studied by energy-balance modelling. J. Glaciol. 41, 153-160.
    • (1995) J. Glaciol. , vol.41 , pp. 153-160
    • Braithwaite, R.1
  • 5
    • 0036062642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glacial mass balance of Austre Brøggerbreen (Spitsbergen) 1971-1999, modelled with a precipitation-runoff model
    • Bruland, O. & Hagen, J. O. 2002: Glacial mass balance of Austre Brøggerbreen (Spitsbergen) 1971-1999, modelled with a precipitation-runoff model. Polar Res. 21, 109-121.
    • (2002) Polar Res. , vol.21 , pp. 109-121
    • Bruland, O.1    Hagen, J.O.2
  • 6
    • 0036065564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An energy balance based HBV-model with application to an Arctic watershed on Svalbard, Spitsbergen
    • Bruland, O. & Killingtveit, Å. 2002: An energy balance based HBV-model with application to an Arctic watershed on Svalbard, Spitsbergen. Nord. Hydrol. 33, 123-144.
    • (2002) Nord. Hydrol. , vol.33 , pp. 123-144
    • Bruland, O.1    Killingtveit, Å.2
  • 7
    • 0001774952 scopus 로고
    • The Nordic HBV-model applied to an Arctic watershed
    • K. Sand and Å. Killingtveit (eds.): Spitsbergen, Norway. SINTEF Rep. STF22 A96415 Trondheim: Norwegian Institute of Technology
    • Bruland, O. & Sand, K. 1994: The Nordic HBV-model applied to an Arctic watershed. In K. Sand & Å. Killingtveit (eds.): Proceedings of the 10th international Northern Research Basins Symposium and Workshop, Spitsbergen, Norway. SINTEF Rep. STF22 A96415. Pp. 594-608. Trondheim: Norwegian Institute of Technology.
    • (1994) Proceedings of the 10th International Northern Research Basins Symposium and Workshop , pp. 594-608
    • Bruland, O.1    Sand, K.2
  • 8
    • 0002836153 scopus 로고
    • Drainage-basin characteristics of Nordaustlandet ice caps, Svalbard
    • Dowdeswell, J. A. 1986: Drainage-basin characteristics of Nordaustlandet ice caps, Svalbard. J. Glaciol. 32, 31-38.
    • (1986) J. Glaciol. , vol.32 , pp. 31-38
    • Dowdeswell, J.A.1
  • 9
    • 0024821732 scopus 로고
    • On the nature of Svalbard icebergs
    • Dowdeswell, J. A. 1989: On the nature of Svalbard icebergs. J. Glaciol. 35, 224-234.
    • (1989) J. Glaciol. , vol.35 , pp. 224-234
    • Dowdeswell, J.A.1
  • 10
    • 0029435353 scopus 로고
    • On the glaciology of Edgeøya and Barentsøya, Svalbard
    • Dowdeswell, J. A. & Bamber, J. L. 1995: On the glaciology of Edgeøya and Barentsøya, Svalbard. Polar Res. 14, 105-122.
    • (1995) Polar Res. , vol.14 , pp. 105-122
    • Dowdeswell, J.A.1    Bamber, J.L.2
  • 11
    • 84879888300 scopus 로고
    • Fast-flowing outlet glaciers on Svalbard ice caps
    • Dowdeswell, J. A. & Collin, R. L. 1990: Fast-flowing outlet glaciers on Svalbard ice caps. Geology 18, 778-781.
    • (1990) Geology , vol.18 , pp. 778-781
    • Dowdeswell, J.A.1    Collin, R.L.2
  • 12
    • 0024572639 scopus 로고
    • The dynamics of Austfonna, Nordaustlandet, Svalbard: Surface velocities, mass balance and subglacial meltwater
    • Dowdeswell, J. A. & Drewry, D. J. 1989: The dynamics of Austfonna, Nordaustlandet, Svalbard: surface velocities, mass balance and subglacial meltwater. Ann. Glaciol. 12, 37-45.
    • (1989) Ann. Glaciol. , vol.12 , pp. 37-45
    • Dowdeswell, J.A.1    Drewry, D.J.2
  • 14
    • 0026292806 scopus 로고
    • The duration of the active phase on surge-type glaciers: Contrasts between Svalbard and other regions
    • Dowdeswell, J., Hamilton, G. & Hagen, J. O. 1991: The duration of the active phase on surge-type glaciers: contrasts between Svalbard and other regions. J. Glaciol. 37, 86-98.
    • (1991) J. Glaciol. , vol.37 , pp. 86-98
    • Dowdeswell, J.1    Hamilton, G.2    Hagen, J.O.3
  • 15
    • 0033561716 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Velocity structure, flow instability and mass flux on a large Arctic ice cap from satellite radar interferometry
    • Dowdeswell, J. A., Unwin, B., Nuttall, A.-M. & Wingham, D. J. 1999: Velocity structure, flow instability and mass flux on a large Arctic ice cap from satellite radar interferometry. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 167, 131-140.
    • (1999) Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. , vol.167 , pp. 131-140
    • Dowdeswell, J.A.1    Unwin, B.2    Nuttall, A.-M.3    Wingham, D.J.4
  • 17
    • 0037140722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Change detection and monitoring of glacier mass balance and facies using ERS SAR winter images over Svalbard
    • Engeset, R. V., Kohler, J., Melvold, K. & Lundén, B. 2002: Change detection and monitoring of glacier mass balance and facies using ERS SAR winter images over Svalbard. Int. J. Remote Sens. 23, 2023-2050.
    • (2002) Int. J. Remote Sens. , vol.23 , pp. 2023-2050
    • Engeset, R.V.1    Kohler, J.2    Melvold, K.3    Lundén, B.4
  • 18
    • 0000049642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modelling the mass balance of northwest Spitsbergen glaciers and response to climate change
    • Flemming, K. M., Dowdeswell, J. A. & Orlemans, J. 1997: Modelling the mass balance of northwest Spitsbergen glaciers and response to climate change. Ann. Glaciol. 24, 203-210.
    • (1997) Ann. Glaciol. , vol.24 , pp. 203-210
    • Flemming, K.M.1    Dowdeswell, J.A.2    Orlemans, J.3
  • 19
    • 0033830396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased precipitation in the Norwegian Arctic: True or false?
    • Førland, E. J. & Hanssen-Bauer, I. 2000: Increased precipitation in the Norwegian Arctic: true or false? Clim. Change 46, 485-509.
    • (2000) Clim. Change , vol.46 , pp. 485-509
    • Førland, E.J.1    Hanssen-Bauer, I.2
  • 20
    • 0348160211 scopus 로고
    • Temperature distribution in Brøggerbreen, Lovénbreen and Kongsvegen, north west Spitsbergen
    • Abstract J. O. Hagen and J. Jania (eds.) Hornsund, Svalbard, May 1992. Internal report. University of Silesia, Poland
    • Hagen, J. O. 1992: Temperature distribution in Brøggerbreen, Lovénbreen and Kongsvegen, north west Spitsbergen. Abstract in J. O. Hagen & J. Jania (eds.): Field workshop on glaciological research in Svalbard, current problems, Hornsund, Svalbard, May 1992. P. 10 in part iv. Internal report. University of Silesia, Poland.
    • (1992) Field Workshop on Glaciological Research in Svalbard, Current Problems , Issue.PART 4 , pp. 10
    • Hagen, J.O.1
  • 21
    • 0141476513 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent trends in mass balance of glaciers in Scandinavia and Svalbard
    • Hagen, J. O. 1996: Recent trends in mass balance of glaciers in Scandinavia and Svalbard. Mem. Natl. Inst. Polar Res. Tokyo, Spec. Issue 51, 343-354.
    • (1996) Mem. Natl. Inst. Polar Res. Tokyo , vol.51 , Issue.SPEC. ISSUE , pp. 343-354
    • Hagen, J.O.1
  • 22
    • 0034504716 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Runoff and drainage pattern derived from digital elevation models, Finsterwalderbreen, Svalbard
    • Hagen, J. O., Etzelmüller, B. & Nutall, A. M. 2000: Runoff and drainage pattern derived from Digital Elevation Models, Finsterwalderbreen, Svalbard. Ann. Glaciol. 31, 147-152.
    • (2000) Ann. Glaciol. , vol.31 , pp. 147-152
    • Hagen, J.O.1    Etzelmüller, B.2    Nutall, A.M.3
  • 23
    • 0003742872 scopus 로고
    • Drainage pattern in a subpolar glacier
    • Y. Gjessing et al. (eds.): NHK Rep. 23. Oslo: Norwegian National Committee for Hydrology
    • Hagen, J. O., Korsen, O. M. & Vatne, G. 1991: Drainage pattern in a subpolar glacier. In Y. Gjessing et al. (eds.): Arctic hydrology. Present and future tasks. NHK Rep. 23. Pp. 121-131. Oslo: Norwegian National Committee for Hydrology.
    • (1991) Arctic Hydrology. Present and Future Tasks , pp. 121-131
    • Hagen, J.O.1    Korsen, O.M.2    Vatne, G.3
  • 24
    • 0029475702 scopus 로고
    • Reconstructed runoff from the High Arctic basin Bayelva in Svalbard based on mass balance measurements
    • Hagen, J. O. & Lefauconnier, B. 1995: Reconstructed runoff from the High Arctic basin Bayelva in Svalbard based on mass balance measurements. Nord. Hydrol. 26, 285-296.
    • (1995) Nord. Hydrol. , vol.26 , pp. 285-296
    • Hagen, J.O.1    Lefauconnier, B.2
  • 25
    • 0025662196 scopus 로고
    • Long term glacier mass balance investigations in Svalbard 1950-1988
    • Hagen, J. O. & Liestøl, O. 1990: Long term glacier mass balance investigations in Svalbard 1950-1988. Ann. Glaciol. 14, 102-106.
    • (1990) Ann. Glaciol. , vol.14 , pp. 102-106
    • Hagen, J.O.1    Liestøl, O.2
  • 27
    • 0141591495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the net mass balance of the glaciers and ice caps in Svalbard, Norwegian Arctic
    • Hagen, J. O., Melvold, K., Pinglot, F. & Dowdeswell, J. A. 2003: On the net mass balance of the glaciers and ice caps in Svalbard, Norwegian Arctic. Arct. Antarct. Alp. Res. 35, 264-270.
    • (2003) Arct. Antarct. Alp. Res. , vol.35 , pp. 264-270
    • Hagen, J.O.1    Melvold, K.2    Pinglot, F.3    Dowdeswell, J.A.4
  • 28
    • 0026291606 scopus 로고
    • Radio-echo soundings of sub-polar glaciers with low-frequency radar
    • Hagen, J. O. & Sætrang, A. 1991: Radio-echo soundings of sub-polar glaciers with low-frequency radar. Polar Res. 9, 99-107.
    • (1991) Polar Res. , vol.9 , pp. 99-107
    • Hagen, J.O.1    Sætrang, A.2
  • 29
    • 0041646513 scopus 로고
    • Characterization of snow and ice reflectance zones on glaciers using Landsat Thematic Mapper data
    • Hall, D. K., Ormsby, J. P., Bindschadler, R. A. & Siddalingaiah, H. 1987: Characterization of snow and ice reflectance zones on glaciers using Landsat Thematic Mapper data. Ann. Glaciol. 9, 1-5.
    • (1987) Ann. Glaciol. , vol.9 , pp. 1-5
    • Hall, D.K.1    Ormsby, J.P.2    Bindschadler, R.A.3    Siddalingaiah, H.4
  • 30
    • 0029731714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Controls on glacier surging in Svalbard
    • Hamilton, G. S. & Dowdeswell, J. A. 1996: Controls on glacier surging in Svalbard. J. Glaciol. 42, 157-168.
    • (1996) J. Glaciol. , vol.42 , pp. 157-168
    • Hamilton, G.S.1    Dowdeswell, J.A.2
  • 31
    • 0003970225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mass balance of Arctic glaciers
    • (eds.) Oslo: International Arctic Science Committee
    • Jania, J. & Hagen, J. O. (eds.) 1996: Mass balance of Arctic glaciers. IASC Rep. 5. Oslo: International Arctic Science Committee.
    • (1996) IASC Rep. 5
    • Jania, J.1    Hagen, J.O.2
  • 32
    • 0002395775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hans Glacier - A tidewater glacier in southern Spitsbergen: Summary of some results
    • C. J. Van der Veen (ed.): BPRC Rep. 15 Columbus, OH: Byrd Polar Research Center
    • Jania, J. & Kaczmarska, M. 1997: Hans Glacier-a tidewater glacier in southern Spitsbergen: summary of some results. In C. J. Van der Veen (ed.): Calving glaciers: report of a workshop, February 28-March 2, 1997. BPRC Rep. 15, Pp. 95-104. Columbus, OH: Byrd Polar Research Center.
    • (1997) Calving Glaciers: Report of a Workshop, February 28-March 2, 1997 , pp. 95-104
    • Jania, J.1    Kaczmarska, M.2
  • 33
    • 0034514757 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Controls on the distribution of surge-type glaciers in Svalbard
    • Jiskoot, H., Murray, T. & Boyle, P. 2000: Controls on the distribution of surge-type glaciers in Svalbard. J. Glaciol. 46, 412-422.
    • (2000) J. Glaciol. , vol.46 , pp. 412-422
    • Jiskoot, H.1    Murray, T.2    Boyle, P.3
  • 34
    • 0020379184 scopus 로고
    • On the present glaciation of Storøya, Svalbard
    • Jonsson, S. 1982: On the present glaciation of Storøya, Svalbard. Geogr. Ann. 64A, 1-2, 53-79.
    • (1982) Geogr. Ann. , vol.64 A , Issue.1-2 , pp. 53-79
    • Jonsson, S.1
  • 35
    • 0002380394 scopus 로고
    • Some observations on superimposition of ice on the Devon Island Ice Cap, N.W.T., Canada
    • Koerner, R. M. 1970: Some observations on superimposition of ice on the Devon Island Ice Cap, N.W.T., Canada. Geogr. Ann. 52A, 57-67.
    • (1970) Geogr. Ann. , vol.52 A , pp. 57-67
    • Koerner, R.M.1
  • 36
    • 0036333028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of superimposed ice on the glaciers Kongsvegen and Midre Lovénbreen, Svalbard, using SAR satellite imagery
    • König, M., Wadham, J., Winther, J.-G., Kohler, J. & Nuttall, A.-M. 2002: Detection of superimposed ice on the glaciers Kongsvegen and Midre Lovénbreen, Svalbard, using SAR satellite imagery. Ann. Glaciol, 34, 335-342.
    • (2002) Ann. Glaciol. , vol.34 , pp. 335-342
    • König, M.1    Wadham, J.2    Winther, J.-G.3    Kohler, J.4    Nuttall, A.-M.5
  • 37
    • 0035057170 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Snow and glacier ice studies with satellite remote sensing-a review
    • König, M., Winther, J.-G. & Isaksson, E. 2001: Snow and glacier ice studies with satellite remote sensing-a review. Rev. Geophys. 19, 1-27.
    • (2001) Rev. Geophys. , vol.19 , pp. 1-27
    • König, M.1    Winther, J.-G.2    Isaksson, E.3
  • 38
    • 0025658007 scopus 로고
    • Glaciers and climate in Svalbard, statistical analysis and reconstruction of the Brøgger glacier mass balance for the last 77 years
    • Lefauconnier, B. & Hagen, J. O. 1990: Glaciers and Climate in Svalbard, statistical analysis and reconstruction of the Brøgger glacier mass balance for the last 77 years. Ann. Glaciol. 14, 148-152.
    • (1990) Ann. Glaciol. , vol.14 , pp. 148-152
    • Lefauconnier, B.1    Hagen, J.O.2
  • 40
    • 0033505646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glacier balance trends in the Kongsfjorden area, western Spitsbergen, Svalbard, in relation to the climate
    • Lefauconnier, B., Hagen, J. O., Ørbeck, J. B., Melvold, K. & Isaksson, E. 1999: Glacier balance trends in the Kongsfjorden area, western Spitsbergen, Svalbard, in relation to the climate. Polar Res. 18, 307-313.
    • (1999) Polar Res. , vol.18 , pp. 307-313
    • Lefauconnier, B.1    Hagen, J.O.2    Ørbeck, J.B.3    Melvold, K.4    Isaksson, E.5
  • 41
    • 0028565247 scopus 로고
    • Flow speed and calving rate of Kongsbreen Glacier, 79° N, Spitsbergen, Svalbard, using SPOT images
    • Lefauconnier, B., Hagen, J. O. & Rudant, J. P. 1994: Flow speed and calving rate of Kongsbreen Glacier, 79° N, Spitsbergen, Svalbard, using SPOT images. Polar Res. 13, 59-65.
    • (1994) Polar Res. , vol.13 , pp. 59-65
    • Lefauconnier, B.1    Hagen, J.O.2    Rudant, J.P.3
  • 42
    • 0001588434 scopus 로고
    • Glacier surges in west Spitsbergen
    • Liestøl, O. 1969: Glacier surges in west Spitsbergen. Can. J. Earth Sci. 6, 895-987.
    • (1969) Can. J. Earth Sci. , vol.6 , pp. 895-987
    • Liestøl, O.1
  • 43
    • 0141811230 scopus 로고
    • Glaciological work in 1971
    • Liestøl, O. 1973: Glaciological work in 1971. Nor. Polarinst. Årb. 1971, 67-76.
    • (1973) Nor. Polarinst. Årb. , vol.1971 , pp. 67-76
    • Liestøl, O.1
  • 44
    • 0024194003 scopus 로고
    • The glaciers in the Kongsfjorden area, Spitsbergen
    • Liestøl, O. 1988: The glaciers in the Kongsfjorden area, Spitsbergen. Nor. Geogr. Tidsskr. 42, 231-238.
    • (1988) Nor. Geogr. Tidsskr. , vol.42 , pp. 231-238
    • Liestøl, O.1
  • 46
    • 0346899767 scopus 로고
    • Studie av brebevegelse på Kongsvegen og Kronebreen, Svalbard
    • University of Oslo
    • Melvold, K. 1992: Studie av brebevegelse på Kongsvegen og Kronebreen, Svalbard. (Studies of glacier dynamics on Kongsvegen and Kronebreen, Svalbard.) Rapp.ser. Naturgeogr. I. University of Oslo.
    • (1992) Rapp.ser. Naturgeogr. I.
    • Melvold, K.1
  • 47
    • 0032462630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of a surge-type glacier in its quiescent phase: Kongsvegen, Spitsbergen, 1964-1995
    • Melvold, K. & Hagen, J. O. 1998: Evolution of a surge-type glacier in its quiescent phase: Kongsvegen, Spitsbergen, 1964-1995. J. Glaciolo. 44, 394-404.
    • (1998) J. Glaciolo. , vol.44 , pp. 394-404
    • Melvold, K.1    Hagen, J.O.2
  • 50
    • 0034048497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relating glacier mass balance to meteorological data using a seasonal sensitivity characteristic (SSC)
    • Oerlemans, J. & Reichert, B. K. 2000: Relating glacier mass balance to meteorological data using a Seasonal Sensitivity Characteristic (SSC). J. Glaciol. 46, 1-6.
    • (2000) J. Glaciol. , vol.46 , pp. 1-6
    • Oerlemans, J.1    Reichert, B.K.2
  • 51
    • 0036939181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial and temporal variability of snow accumulation using ground-penetrating radar and ice cores on a Svalbard glacier
    • Pälli, A., Kohler, J., Isaksson, E., Moore, J., Pinglot, F., Pohjola, V. & Samuelsson, H. 2002: Spatial and temporal variability of snow accumulation using ground-penetrating radar and ice cores on a Svalbard glacier. J. Glaciol. 48, 417-424.
    • (2002) J. Glaciol. , vol.48 , pp. 417-424
    • Pälli, A.1    Kohler, J.2    Isaksson, E.3    Moore, J.4    Pinglot, F.5    Pohjola, V.6    Samuelsson, H.7
  • 53
    • 0027334028 scopus 로고
    • SPOT multispectral data and digital terrain model for the analysis of ice-snow fields on Arctic glaciers
    • Parrot, J. F., Lyberis, N., Lefauconnier, B. & Manby, G. 1993: SPOT multispectral data and digital terrain model for the analysis of ice-snow fields on Arctic glaciers. Int. J. Remote Sens. 14, 425-440.
    • (1993) Int. J. Remote Sens. , vol.14 , pp. 425-440
    • Parrot, J.F.1    Lyberis, N.2    Lefauconnier, B.3    Manby, G.4
  • 54
    • 0035737485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A mean net accumulation pattern derived from radioactive layers and radar soundings on Austfonna ice cap, Nordaustlandet, Svalbard
    • Pinglot, J. F., Hagen, J. O., Melvold, K., Eiken, T. & Vincent, C. 2001: A mean net accumulation pattern derived from radioactive layers and radar soundings on Austfonna ice cap, Nordaustlandet, Svalbard. J. Glaciol. 47, 555-566.
    • (2001) J. Glaciol. , vol.47 , pp. 555-566
    • Pinglot, J.F.1    Hagen, J.O.2    Melvold, K.3    Eiken, T.4    Vincent, C.5
  • 55
    • 0033506397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accumulation in Svalbard glaciers deduced from ice cores with nuclear tests and Chernobyl reference layers
    • Pinglot, J. F., Pourchet, M., Lefauconnier, L., Hagen, J. O., Isaksson, E., Vaikmäe, R. & Kamiyama, K. 1999: Accumulation in Svalbard glaciers deduced from ice cores with nuclear tests and Chernobyl reference layers. Polar Res. 18, 315-321.
    • (1999) Polar Res. , vol.18 , pp. 315-321
    • Pinglot, J.F.1    Pourchet, M.2    Lefauconnier, L.3    Hagen, J.O.4    Isaksson, E.5    Vaikmäe, R.6    Kamiyama, K.7
  • 57
    • 0037354045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in geometry and subglacial drainage of Midre Lovénbreen, Svalbard, determined from digital elevation models
    • Rippin, D., Willis, I., Arnold, N., Hodson, A., Moore, J., Kohler, J. & Björnsson, H. 2003: Changes in geometry and subglacial drainage of Midre Lovénbreen, Svalbard, determined from Digital Elevation Models. Earth Surf. Process. Landforms 28, 273-298.
    • (2003) Earth Surf. Process. Landforms , vol.28 , pp. 273-298
    • Rippin, D.1    Willis, I.2    Arnold, N.3    Hodson, A.4    Moore, J.5    Kohler, J.6    Björnsson, H.7
  • 58
    • 0037255577 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regional variations of snow accumulation on Spitsbergen, Svalbard in 1997-99
    • Sand, K., Winther, J.-G., Marechal, D., Bruland, O. & Melvold, K. 2003: Regional variations of snow accumulation on Spitsbergen, Svalbard in 1997-99. Nord. Hydrol. 34, 17-32.
    • (2003) Nord. Hydrol. , vol.34 , pp. 17-32
    • Sand, K.1    Winther, J.-G.2    Marechal, D.3    Bruland, O.4    Melvold, K.5
  • 59
    • 0000939352 scopus 로고
    • Some comments on glacier surges in eastern Svalbard
    • Schytt, V. 1969: Some comments on glacier surges in eastern Svalbard. Can. J. Earth Sci. 6, 867-873.
    • (1969) Can. J. Earth Sci. , vol.6 , pp. 867-873
    • Schytt, V.1
  • 62
    • 0034934135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geometry of englacial water conduits, Austre Brøggerbreen, Svalbard
    • Vatne, G. 2001: Geometry of englacial water conduits, Austre Brøggerbreen, Svalbard. Nor. J. Geogr. 55, 85-93.
    • (2001) Nor. J. Geogr. , vol.55 , pp. 85-93
    • Vatne, G.1
  • 63
    • 0009725561 scopus 로고
    • Die Bewegung der Gletscherzunge des Kongsvegen (Kingsbay, Westspitzbergen)
    • Voigt, U. 1965: Die Bewegung der Gletscherzunge des Kongsvegen (Kingsbay, Westspitzbergen). (The movement of the glacier tongue of Kongsvegen [Kings Bay, west Spitsbergen]) Petermanns Geogr. Mitt. 109, 1-8.
    • (1965) Petermanns Geogr. Mitt. , vol.109 , pp. 1-8
    • Voigt, U.1
  • 64
    • 0001017367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seismic and side-scan sonar investigations of recent sedimentation in an ice-proximal glacimarine setting, Kongsfjorden, north-west Spitsbergen
    • T. A. Davies et al. (eds.): London: Chapman and Hall
    • Whittington, R. J., Forsberg, C. F. & Dowdeswell, J. A. 1997: Seismic and side-scan sonar investigations of recent sedimentation in an ice-proximal glacimarine setting, Kongsfjorden, north-west Spitsbergen. In T. A. Davies et al. (eds.): Glaciated continental margins-an atlas of acoustic images. Pp. 175-178. London: Chapman and Hall.
    • (1997) Glaciated Continental Margins - an Atlas of Acoustic Images , pp. 175-178
    • Whittington, R.J.1    Forsberg, C.F.2    Dowdeswell, J.A.3
  • 65
    • 0026303628 scopus 로고
    • Analysis of glacier facies using satellite techniques
    • Williams Jr., R. S., Hall, D. K. & Benson, C. S. 1991: Analysis of glacier facies using satellite techniques. J. Glaciol. 37, 120-128.
    • (1991) J. Glaciol. , vol.37 , pp. 120-128
    • Williams Jr., R.S.1    Hall, D.K.2    Benson, C.S.3
  • 66
    • 0027843645 scopus 로고
    • Landsat TM-derived and in-situ summer reflectance of glaciers in Svalbard
    • Winther, J.-G. 1993: Landsat TM-derived and in-situ summer reflectance of glaciers in Svalbard. Polar Res. 12, 337-55.
    • (1993) Polar Res. , vol.12 , pp. 337-355
    • Winther, J.-G.1
  • 68
    • 0006846920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of superimposed-ice formation on the sensitivity of glacier mass balance to climate change
    • Woodward, J., Sharp, M. & Arendt, A. 1997: The influence of superimposed-ice formation on the sensitivity of glacier mass balance to climate change. Ann. Glaciol. 24, 186-190.
    • (1997) Ann. Glaciol. , vol.24 , pp. 186-190
    • Woodward, J.1    Sharp, M.2    Arendt, A.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.