Effects of a 3-Month Endurance Event on Physical Performance and Body Composition: The G2 Trans-Greenland Expedition

Wilderness and Environmental Medicine

Volumn 14, Issue 4, 2003, Pages 240-248

  Frykman, Peter N ^a   Harman, Everett A ^a   Opstad, Per Kristian ^b   Hoyt, Reed W ^a   DeLany, James P ^c   Friedl, Karl E ^a  

^a U S ARMY RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE   (United States)

^b NORWEGIAN DEFENCE RESEARCH ESTABLISHMENT FFI   (Norway)

^c PENNINGTON BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

Aerobic capacity; Doubly labeled water technique; Dual energy X ray absorptiometry; Magnetic resonance imaging; Metabolism endocrine responses; Metabolism energy balance

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ANAEROBIC CAPACITY; ARTICLE; BODY COMPOSITION; BODY FAT; BODY WEIGHT; CALORIC INTAKE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DUAL ENERGY X RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY; ENDURANCE; ENERGY BALANCE; ENERGY EXPENDITURE; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; LEAN BODY WEIGHT; LIPID DIET; MALE; METABOLISM; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; ORAL GLUCOSE TOLERANCE TEST; OXYGEN CONSUMPTION; PHYSICAL ACTIVITY; PHYSICAL CAPACITY; SKIING; STRENGTH; TRAINING; TRAVEL; WEIGHT REDUCTION;

EID: 0346157366     PISSN: 10806032     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1580/1080-6032(2003)14[240:EOAMEE]2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article

References (25)

1. North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO); Research and Technology Organization. The Effect of Prolonged Military Activities in Man: Physiological and Biochemical Changes: Possible Means of Rapid Recuperation. Brussels, Belgium: NATO; 2001:134. Technical report RTO-MP-042 (AC/323[HFM]TP/23).
2. Nindl BC, Friedl KE, Frykman PN, Marchitelli LJ, Shippee RL, Patton JF. Physical performance and metabolic recovery among lean, healthy men following a prolonged energy deficit. Int J Sports Med. 1997;18:317-324.
3. Nindl BC, Friedl KE, Marchitelli LJ, Shippee RL, Thomas CD, Patton JF. Regional fat placement in physically fit males and changes with weight loss Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1996;28:786-793.
4. Schantz P, Henriksson J, Jansson E. Adaptation of human skeletal muscle to endurance training of long duration. Clin Physiol. 1983;3:141-151.
5. Helge JW, Lundby C, Christensen DL, et al. Skiing the Greenland icecap: divergent effects on limb muscle adaptations and substrate oxidation. J Exp Biol. 2003;206:1075-1083.
6. Stroud MA. The biochemical and physiological effects of 95 days endurance exercise in negative energy balance. In: The Effect of Prolonged Military Activities in Man: Physiological and Biochemical Changes: Possible Means of Rapid Recuperation. Brussels, Belgium: NATO; 2001:8.1-8.9. Technical report RTO-MP-042 (AC/323[HFM]TP/23).
7. Vanggaard L. The effects of exhaustive military activities in man: the performance of small isolated military units in extreme environmental conditions. In: The Effect of Prolonged Military Activities in Man: Physiological and Biochemical Changes: Possible Means of Rapid Recuperation. Brussels, Belgium: NATO; 2001:9.1-9.9. Technical report RTO-MP-042 (AC/323[HFM]TP/23).
8. Harman EA, Rosenstein MT, Frykman PN, Rosenstein RM, Kraemer WJ. Estimation of human power output from vertical jump. J Appl Sport Sci Res. 1991;5:116-120.
9. 18 to measure energy expenditure of soldiers at different energy intakes. J Appl Physiol. 1989;67:1922-1929.
10. Opstad PK. Alterations in the morning plasma levels of hormones and the endocrine responses to bicycle exercise during prolonged strain: the significance of energy and sleep deprivation Acta Endocrinol. 1991;125:14-22.
11. Opstad PK, Aakvaag A. Decreased serum levels of oestradiol, testosterone and prolactin during prolonged physical strain and sleep deprivation, and the influence of a high calorie diet. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1982;49:343-348.
12. St-Pierre S, Roy B, Tremblay A. A case study on energy balance during an expedition through Greenland. Int J Obes. 1996;20:493-495.
13. Stroud MA, Jackson AA, Waterlow JC. Protein turnover rates of two human subjects during an unassisted crossing of Antarctica Br J Nutr. 1996;76:165-174.
14. 18O), exercise performance, skeletal muscle enzyme activities and plasma biochemical parameters in humans during 95 days of endurance exercise with inadequate energy intake. Eur J Appl Physiol. 1997;76:243-252.
15. Marriott BM. Not Eating Enough: Overcoming Underconsumption of Military Operational Rations. Washington, DC: National Academy Press; 1995:1-483.
16. Conzolazio CF. Nutrition and Performance. New York, NY: Pergamon Press; 1983:29-42. Progress in Food and Nutrition Science; Vol 7, No. 1/2.
17. Conzolazio CF. Nutrition and Performance. New York, NY: Pergamon Press; 1983:29-42. Progress in Food and Nutrition Science; Vol 7, No. 1/2.
18. Hammond KA, Diamond J. Maximal sustained energy budgets in humans and animals. Nature. 1997;386:457-462.
19. Saris WH. Limits of human endurance: lessons from the Tour de France. In: Kinney JM, Tucker HN, eds. Physiology, Stress and Malnutrition: Functional Correlates, Nutritional Intervention. New York, NY: Lippincott-Raven Publishers; 1977:451-462.
20. Westerterp KR, Saris WHM, van Es M, ten Hoor F. Use of the doubly labeled water technique in humans during heavy sustained exercise J Appl Physiol. 1986;61:2162-2167.
21. Lazen AG. Workshop on calorie-dense rations. In: Marriott BM, Earl R, eds. Committee on Military Nutrition Research Activity Report. Washington, DC: National Academy Press; 1992:52-63.
22. Hoyt RW, Jones TE, Stein G, et al. Doubly labeled water measurement of human energy expenditure during strenuous exercise. J Appl Physiol. 1991;71:16-22.
23. Hoyt RW, Jones TE, Baker-Fulco CJ, et al. Doubly labeled water measurement of human energy expenditure during exercise at high altitude. Am J Physiol. 1994;266:R966-R971.
24. Trappe S, Costill D, Thomas R. Effect of swim taper on whole muscle and single muscle fiber contractile properties. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2000;32:48-56.
25. Friedl KE, Moore RJ, Hoyt RW, Marchitelli LJ, Martinez-Lopez LE, Askew EW. Endocrine markers of semistarvation in healthy lean men in a multistressor environment. J Appl Physiol. 2000;88:1820-1830.