메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 9, Issue 3, 2000, Pages 310-333

Virtual Reality-Based Simulation of Endoscopic Surgery

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 0345849804     PISSN: 10547460     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1162/105474600566817     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (83)

References (104)
  • 1
    • 0031639624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Virtual endoscopy software application on a PC
    • IOS Press
    • Alyassin, A., & Lorensen, W. (1998). Virtual endoscopy software application on a PC. In Proc. MMVR'98 (pp. 84-89). IOS Press.
    • (1998) Proc. MMVR'98 , pp. 84-89
    • Alyassin, A.1    Lorensen, W.2
  • 2
    • 0031148795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The pipette aspiration applied to the local stiffness measurement of soft tissues
    • Aoki, T., Ohashi, T., Matsumoto, T., & Masaaki, S. (1997). The pipette aspiration applied to the local stiffness measurement of soft tissues. Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 25, 581-587.
    • (1997) Annals of Biomedical Engineering , vol.25 , pp. 581-587
    • Aoki, T.1    Ohashi, T.2    Matsumoto, T.3    Masaaki, S.4
  • 3
    • 0021455761 scopus 로고
    • Global and local deformations of solid primitives
    • Barr, A. (1984). Global and local deformations of solid primitives. Computer Graphics, 18(3), 21-30.
    • (1984) Computer Graphics , vol.18 , Issue.3 , pp. 21-30
    • Barr, A.1
  • 4
    • 0032616739 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulation of tissue cutting and bleeding for laparoscopic surgery using auxiliary surfaces
    • IOS Press
    • Basdogan, C., Ho, C.-H., & Srinivasan, A. (1999). Simulation of tissue cutting and bleeding for laparoscopic surgery using auxiliary surfaces. In Proc. MMVR'99 (pp. 38-44). IOS Press.
    • (1999) Proc. MMVR'99 , pp. 38-44
    • Basdogan, C.1    Ho, C.-H.2    Srinivasan, A.3
  • 5
    • 0031617551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Force interactions in laparoscopic simulations: Haptic rendering of soft tissues
    • IOS Press
    • Basdogan, C., Ho, C.-H., Srinivasan, M., Small, S., & Dawson, S. (1998). Force interactions in laparoscopic simulations: Haptic rendering of soft tissues. In Proc. MMVR'98 (pp. 385-391). IOS Press.
    • (1998) Proc. MMVR'98 , pp. 385-391
    • Basdogan, C.1    Ho, C.-H.2    Srinivasan, M.3    Small, S.4    Dawson, S.5
  • 8
    • 0031638487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Virgy: A virtual reality and force feedback based endoscopy surgery simulator
    • IOS Press
    • Baur, C., Guzzoni, D., & Georg, O. (1998). Virgy: A virtual reality and force feedback based endoscopy surgery simulator. In Proc. MMVR'98 (pp. 110-116). IOS Press.
    • (1998) Proc. MMVR'98 , pp. 110-116
    • Baur, C.1    Guzzoni, D.2    Georg, O.3
  • 10
    • 0029546138 scopus 로고
    • An experimental approach to visual surfaces exploration exploiting an arm exoskeleton as haptic interface
    • SPIE
    • Bergamasco, M., & Prisco, G. (1995). An experimental approach to visual surfaces exploration exploiting an arm exoskeleton as haptic interface. Telemanipulator and Telepresence Technologies, 2590, 172-182. SPIE.
    • (1995) Telemanipulator and Telepresence Technologies , vol.2590 , pp. 172-182
    • Bergamasco, M.1    Prisco, G.2
  • 11
    • 85037518016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Boston Dynamics, Inc. http://www.bdi.com.
  • 12
    • 0030244738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Real-time volumetric deformable models for surgery simulation using finite elements and condensation
    • Bro-Nielsen, M., & Cotin, S. (1996). Real-time volumetric deformable models for surgery simulation using finite elements and condensation. Comp. Graphics Forum, 15(3), 57-66.
    • (1996) Comp. Graphics Forum , vol.15 , Issue.3 , pp. 57-66
    • Bro-Nielsen, M.1    Cotin, S.2
  • 14
    • 0025475665 scopus 로고
    • Project grope - Haptic displays for scientific visualization
    • Brooks, F., Ouh-Young, M., Blatter, J., & Kilpatrick, P. (1990). Project grope - Haptic displays for scientific visualization. Comp. Graphics, 24(4), 177-185.
    • (1990) Comp. Graphics , vol.24 , Issue.4 , pp. 177-185
    • Brooks, F.1    Ouh-Young, M.2    Blatter, J.3    Kilpatrick, P.4
  • 16
    • 57149095202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modelling the dynamics of a human liver for a minimally invasive surgery simulator
    • C. Taylor & A. Colchester (Eds.), No. 1679 in Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer Verlag
    • Boux de Casson, F., & Laugier, C. (1999). Modelling the dynamics of a human liver for a minimally invasive surgery simulator. In C. Taylor & A. Colchester (Eds.), Second International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention MICCAI'99 (pp. 1156-1165). No. 1679 in Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer Verlag.
    • (1999) Second International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention MICCAI'99 , pp. 1156-1165
    • Boux De Casson, F.1    Laugier, C.2
  • 20
    • 0040500611 scopus 로고
    • A $100 surgical simulator for the IBM PC
    • IOS Press
    • Daane, P., Constantinou, P., & Hesselroth, G. (1995). A $100 surgical simulator for the IBM PC. In Proc. MMVR'95 (pp. 79-80). IOS Press.
    • (1995) Proc. MMVR'95 , pp. 79-80
    • Daane, P.1    Constantinou, P.2    Hesselroth, G.3
  • 21
    • 0031639191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Virtual environments for training critical skills in laparoscopic surgery
    • IOS Press
    • Downes, M., Cavusoglu, M., Gantert, W., Way, L., & Tendick, F. (1998). Virtual environments for training critical skills in laparoscopic surgery. In Proc. MMVR'98 (pp. 316-322). IOS Press.
    • (1998) Proc. MMVR'98 , pp. 316-322
    • Downes, M.1    Cavusoglu, M.2    Gantert, W.3    Way, L.4    Tendick, F.5
  • 22
    • 0019392785 scopus 로고
    • Detection of roads and linear structures in low-resolution aerial imagery using a multisource knowledge integration technique
    • Fischler, M., Tenenbaum, J., & Wolf, H. (1981). Detection of roads and linear structures in low-resolution aerial imagery using a multisource knowledge integration technique. Comp. Graphics Image Proc., 15, 201-223.
    • (1981) Comp. Graphics Image Proc. , vol.15 , pp. 201-223
    • Fischler, M.1    Tenenbaum, J.2    Wolf, H.3
  • 23
    • 0021386943 scopus 로고
    • Eigenvalues and stable time steps for the uniform strain hexahedron and quadrilateral
    • Flanagan, D., & Belytschko, T. (1984). Eigenvalues and stable time steps for the uniform strain hexahedron and quadrilateral. Journal of Applied Mechanics, March, 51, 35-40.
    • (1984) Journal of Applied Mechanics, March , vol.51 , pp. 35-40
    • Flanagan, D.1    Belytschko, T.2
  • 24
    • 0014179220 scopus 로고
    • Elasticity of soft tissues in simple elongation
    • Fung, Y. (1967). Elasticity of soft tissues in simple elongation. Am. J. Physiol., 213(6), 1532-1544.
    • (1967) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.213 , Issue.6 , pp. 1532-1544
    • Fung, Y.1
  • 27
    • 0029067005 scopus 로고
    • Sonoelasticity imaging: Theory and experimental verification
    • Gao, L. (1995). Sonoelasticity imaging: Theory and experimental verification. J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 97(6), 3875-3886.
    • (1995) J. Acoust. Soc. Am. , vol.97 , Issue.6 , pp. 3875-3886
    • Gao, L.1
  • 29
    • 0030675123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 3d chainmail: A fast algorithm for deforming volumetric objects
    • Providence, RI
    • Gibson, S. (1997). 3d chainmail: A fast algorithm for deforming volumetric objects. In Proc. Symp. on Interactive 3D Graphics (pp. 149-154). Providence, RI.
    • (1997) Proc. Symp. on Interactive 3D Graphics , pp. 149-154
    • Gibson, S.1
  • 31
    • 0002007152 scopus 로고
    • Manipulator systems development at ANL
    • ANS
    • Goertz, R. (1964). Manipulator systems development at ANL. In Proc. 12th Conf. Remote Systems Techn., 12 (pp. 117-136). ANS.
    • (1964) Proc. 12th Conf. Remote Systems Techn. , vol.12 , pp. 117-136
    • Goertz, R.1
  • 32
    • 0026923353 scopus 로고
    • Theory and finite element formulation of rubberlike membrane shells using principal stretches
    • Gruttmann, F., & Taylor, R. (1992). Theory and finite element formulation of rubberlike membrane shells using principal stretches. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, 35, 1111-1126.
    • (1992) International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering , vol.35 , pp. 1111-1126
    • Gruttmann, F.1    Taylor, R.2
  • 36
    • 0029047993 scopus 로고
    • A new representation of knowledge concerning human anatomy and function
    • Höhne, K., Pflesser, B., Pommert, A., Riemer, M., Schubert, R., & Tiede, U. (1995). A new representation of knowledge concerning human anatomy and function. Nature Med., 1(6), 506-511.
    • (1995) Nature Med. , vol.1 , Issue.6 , pp. 506-511
    • Höhne, K.1    Pflesser, B.2    Pommert, A.3    Riemer, M.4    Schubert, R.5    Tiede, U.6
  • 37
    • 85037502399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HT Medical. http://www.ht.com.
  • 45
    • 0033201360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elastic modelbased segmentation of 3-D neuroradiological data sets
    • In press
    • Kelemen, A., Székely, G., & Gerig, G. (2000). Elastic modelbased segmentation of 3-D neuroradiological data sets. IEEE Trans. Medical Imaging. (In press.)
    • (2000) IEEE Trans. Medical Imaging
    • Kelemen, A.1    Székely, G.2    Gerig, G.3
  • 46
    • 0030634498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patient specific color texture mapping of ct-based anatomical surface models utilizing cryosectional data
    • IOS Press
    • Knapp, D., Kerr, J., & Sellberg, M. (1997). Patient specific color texture mapping of ct-based anatomical surface models utilizing cryosectional data. In Medicine Meets Virtual Reality (pp. 608-617). IOS Press.
    • (1997) Medicine Meets Virtual Reality , pp. 608-617
    • Knapp, D.1    Kerr, J.2    Sellberg, M.3
  • 48
    • 0345474096 scopus 로고
    • Endosurgery simulations with kismet: A flexible tool for surgical instrument design, operation room planning and VR technology based abdominal surgery training
    • B. Gröttrup (Ed.), München: Computerwoche Verlag
    • Kühnapfel, U., Krumm, H., Kuhn, C., Hübner, M., & Neisius, B. (1995). Endosurgery simulations with kismet: A flexible tool for surgical instrument design, operation room planning and VR technology based abdominal surgery training. In B. Gröttrup (Ed.), Proc. Virtual reality World'95, Stuttgart (pp. 165-171). München: Computerwoche Verlag.
    • (1995) Proc. Virtual Reality World'95, Stuttgart , pp. 165-171
    • Kühnapfel, U.1    Krumm, H.2    Kuhn, C.3    Hübner, M.4    Neisius, B.5
  • 49
    • 0030213008 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Finite element analysis of nonlinear orthotropic hyperelastic membranes
    • Kyriacou, S., Schwab, C., & Humphrey, J. (1996). Finite element analysis of nonlinear orthotropic hyperelastic membranes. Computational Mechanics, 18, 269-278.
    • (1996) Computational Mechanics , vol.18 , pp. 269-278
    • Kyriacou, S.1    Schwab, C.2    Humphrey, J.3
  • 50
    • 0031165399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inverse finite element characterization of nonlinear hyperelastic membranes
    • Kyriacou, S., Shah, A., & Humphrey, J. (1997). Inverse finite element characterization of nonlinear hyperelastic membranes. Journal of Applied Mechanics, 64, 257-262.
    • (1997) Journal of Applied Mechanics , vol.64 , pp. 257-262
    • Kyriacou, S.1    Shah, A.2    Humphrey, J.3
  • 51
    • 85020595666 scopus 로고
    • Algorithms for solid noise synthesis
    • New York: ACM Press
    • Lewis, J. (1989). Algorithms for solid noise synthesis. In Proc. SIGGRAPH'89 (pp. 263-270). New York: ACM Press.
    • (1989) Proc. SIGGRAPH'89 , pp. 263-270
    • Lewis, J.1
  • 53
    • 0028751857 scopus 로고
    • The PHANToM haptic interface: A device for probing virtual objects
    • C. Radcliffe (Ed.), ASME
    • Massie, T., & Salisbury, J. (1994). The PHANToM haptic interface: A device for probing virtual objects. In C. Radcliffe (Ed.), Dynamic Systems and Control, 1 (pp. 295-301). ASME.
    • (1994) Dynamic Systems and Control , vol.1 , pp. 295-301
    • Massie, T.1    Salisbury, J.2
  • 55
    • 0024062071 scopus 로고
    • The motion dynamics of snakes and worms
    • Miller, G. (1988). The motion dynamics of snakes and worms. Computer Graphics, 22(4), 169-178.
    • (1988) Computer Graphics , vol.22 , Issue.4 , pp. 169-178
    • Miller, G.1
  • 56
    • 0026886033 scopus 로고
    • Pixelflow: High-speed rendering using image composition
    • New York: ACM Press
    • Molnar, S., Eyles, J., & Poulton, J. (1992). Pixelflow: High-speed rendering using image composition. In Proc. SIGGRAPH'92 (pp. 231-240). New York: ACM Press.
    • (1992) Proc. SIGGRAPH'92 , pp. 231-240
    • Molnar, S.1    Eyles, J.2    Poulton, J.3
  • 57
    • 0029347445 scopus 로고
    • An inverse approach to determining myocardial material properties
    • Moulton, M. (1995). An inverse approach to determining myocardial material properties. J. Biomechanics, 28, 935-948.
    • (1995) J. Biomechanics , vol.28 , pp. 935-948
    • Moulton, M.1
  • 58
    • 85037495253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MusculoGraphics Inc. http://www.musculographics.com.
  • 61
    • 84930343504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Library of Medicine. The Visible Human Project. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/research/visible/visible_human.html.
    • The Visible Human Project
  • 62
    • 0014791642 scopus 로고
    • Numerical analysis of finite axisymmetric deformations of incompressible elastic solids of revolution
    • Oden, T., & Key, J. (1970). Numerical analysis of finite axisymmetric deformations of incompressible elastic solids of revolution. Int. J. Solids Structures, 6, 497-518.
    • (1970) Int. J. Solids Structures , vol.6 , pp. 497-518
    • Oden, T.1    Key, J.2
  • 64
    • 85037495353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optimist. (Handelsgesellschaft mbH). Pop trainer. Company prospect, A-6900 Bregenz
    • Optimist. (Handelsgesellschaft mbH). Pop trainer. Company prospect, A-6900 Bregenz.
  • 65
    • 0022095750 scopus 로고
    • Solid texturing of complex surfaces
    • New York: ACM Press
    • Peachey, D. (1985). Solid texturing of complex surfaces. In Proc. SIGGRAPH'85 (pp. 279-286). New York: ACM Press.
    • (1985) Proc. SIGGRAPH'85 , pp. 279-286
    • Peachey, D.1
  • 66
    • 0022095751 scopus 로고
    • An image synthesizer
    • New York: ACM Press
    • Perlin, K. (1985). An image synthesizer. In Proc. SIGGRAPH'85 (pp. 287-296). New York: ACM Press.
    • (1985) Proc. SIGGRAPH'85 , pp. 287-296
    • Perlin, K.1
  • 67
    • 22444452460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Specification, modelling, and visualization of arbitrarily shaped cut surfaces in the volume model
    • W. M. Wells, A. Colchester, & S. Delp (Eds.), No 1496 in Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer Verlag
    • Pflesser, B., Tiede, U., & Höhne, K. (1998). Specification, modelling, and visualization of arbitrarily shaped cut surfaces in the volume model. In W. M. Wells, A. Colchester, & S. Delp (Eds.), First International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention MICCAI'98 (pp. 853-860). No 1496 in Lecture Notes in Computer Science). Springer Verlag.
    • (1998) First International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention MICCAI'98 , pp. 853-860
    • Pflesser, B.1    Tiede, U.2    Höhne, K.3
  • 70
    • 0030331791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Real-time visually and haptically accurate surgical simulation
    • IOS Press
    • Reinig, K., Rush, C., Pelster, H. L., Spitzer, V. M., & Heath, J. (1996a). Real-time visually and haptically accurate surgical simulation. In Proc. MMVR'96 (pp. 542-545). IOS Press.
    • (1996) Proc. MMVR'96 , pp. 542-545
    • Reinig, K.1    Rush, C.2    Pelster, H.L.3    Spitzer, V.M.4    Heath, J.5
  • 73
    • 84887966584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A parallel architecture for interactive fem computations in a surgery simulator
    • Delft, The Netherlands: The Non-profit Foundation ParCo Conferences. (Accepted for publication.)
    • Rhomberg, A., Brechbühler, C., Székely, G., & Tröster, G. (1999). A parallel architecture for interactive fem computations in a surgery simulator. In Proceedings of the Parallel Computing conference, ParCo99. Delft, The Netherlands: The Non-profit Foundation ParCo Conferences. (Accepted for publication.)
    • (1999) Proceedings of the Parallel Computing Conference, ParCo99
    • Rhomberg, A.1    Brechbühler, C.2    Székely, G.3    Tröster, G.4
  • 74
    • 0000298337 scopus 로고
    • Large elastic deformations of isotropic materials. vii experiments on the deformation of rubber
    • Series A
    • Rivlin, R., & Saunders, D. (1951). Large elastic deformations of isotropic materials. vii experiments on the deformation of rubber. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, 243, 251-288. Series A.
    • (1951) Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society , vol.243 , pp. 251-288
    • Rivlin, R.1    Saunders, D.2
  • 75
    • 0032605264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New approaches to virtual environment surgery
    • IOS Press
    • Ross, M., Twombly, A., Lee, A., Cheng, R., & Senger, S. (1999). New approaches to virtual environment surgery. In Proc. MMVR'99 (pp. 297-301). IOS Press.
    • (1999) Proc. MMVR'99 , pp. 297-301
    • Ross, M.1    Twombly, A.2    Lee, A.3    Cheng, R.4    Senger, S.5
  • 76
    • 84973922694 scopus 로고
    • A virtual environment and model of the eye for surgical simulation
    • Sagar, M., Bullivant, D., Mallinson, G., Hunter, P., & Hunter, I. (1994). A virtual environment and model of the eye for surgical simulation. Comp. Graphics, 28, 205-212.
    • (1994) Comp. Graphics , vol.28 , pp. 205-212
    • Sagar, M.1    Bullivant, D.2    Mallinson, G.3    Hunter, P.4    Hunter, I.5
  • 77
    • 0030073039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Virtual endoscopy: Diagnosis using 3-D visualisation and virtual representation
    • Satava, R. (1996). Virtual endoscopy: Diagnosis using 3-D visualisation and virtual representation. Surgical Endoscopy, 10, 173-174.
    • (1996) Surgical Endoscopy , vol.10 , pp. 173-174
    • Satava, R.1
  • 79
    • 0027812026 scopus 로고
    • Application areas for a force-feedback joystick
    • H. Kazerooni, J. Colgates, & B. Adelstein (Eds.), ASME
    • Schmult, B., & Jebens, R. (1993). Application areas for a force-feedback joystick. In H. Kazerooni, J. Colgates, & B. Adelstein (Eds.), Adv. in Robotics, Mechatronics and Haptic Interfaces, DSC-49 (pp. 47-54). ASME.
    • (1993) Adv. in Robotics, Mechatronics and Haptic Interfaces, DSC-49 , pp. 47-54
    • Schmult, B.1    Jebens, R.2
  • 80
    • 0022758626 scopus 로고
    • Free-form deformation of solid geometric models
    • Sederberg, T., & Parry, S. (1986). Free-form deformation of solid geometric models. Computer Graphics, 20(4), 151-160.
    • (1986) Computer Graphics , vol.20 , Issue.4 , pp. 151-160
    • Sederberg, T.1    Parry, S.2
  • 83
    • 0347907091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cambridge, MA
    • SensAble Devices, I. (1996). PHANToM. Company brochure, Cambridge, MA.
    • (1996) PHANToM. Company Brochure
  • 85
    • 0030337997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A virtual simulation environment for learning epidural anesthesia
    • IOS Press
    • Stredney, D., Sessana, D., McDonald, J., Hiemenz, L., & Rosenberg, L. (1996). A virtual simulation environment for learning epidural anesthesia. In Proc. MMVR'96 (pp. 164-175). IOS Press.
    • (1996) Proc. MMVR'96 , pp. 164-175
    • Stredney, D.1    Sessana, D.2    McDonald, J.3    Hiemenz, L.4    Rosenberg, L.5
  • 86
    • 0023170746 scopus 로고
    • A finite element formulation for nonlinear incompressible elastic and inelastic analysis
    • Sussman, T., & Bathe, K. (1987). A finite element formulation for nonlinear incompressible elastic and inelastic analysis. Computers and Structures, 26(1/2), 357-409.
    • (1987) Computers and Structures , vol.26 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 357-409
    • Sussman, T.1    Bathe, K.2
  • 89
    • 25944459104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anatomical model generation for laparoscopic surgery simulation
    • Bethesda, MA: National Library of Medicine
    • _. (1998b). Anatomical model generation for laparoscopic surgery simulation. In Abstracts of the 2nd Visible Human Project Conf. (pp. 45-46). Bethesda, MA: National Library of Medicine.
    • (1998) Abstracts of the 2nd Visible Human Project Conf. , pp. 45-46
  • 95
    • 0002565890 scopus 로고
    • The nonlinear field theories of mechanics
    • Berlin: Springer-Verlag
    • Truesdell, C., & Noll, W. (1965). The nonlinear field theories of mechanics. In Encyclopedia of Physics (pp. 1-579). Berlin: Springer-Verlag.
    • (1965) Encyclopedia of Physics , pp. 1-579
    • Truesdell, C.1    Noll, W.2
  • 96
    • 0031640059 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A PC-based surgical simulator for laparoscopic surgery
    • IOS Press
    • Tseng, T., Lee, Y., Chan, Y., Wu, S., & Chiu, A. (1998). A PC-based surgical simulator for laparoscopic surgery. In Proc. MMVR'98 (pp. 155-160). IOS Press.
    • (1998) Proc. MMVR'98 , pp. 155-160
    • Tseng, T.1    Lee, Y.2    Chan, Y.3    Wu, S.4    Chiu, A.5
  • 97
    • 0030186822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Virtual endoscopy: Is it really?
    • Vining, D. (1996). Virtual endoscopy: Is it really? Radiology, 200, 30-31.
    • (1996) Radiology , vol.200 , pp. 30-31
    • Vining, D.1
  • 98
    • 85037506648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Virtual Presence, Inc. http://www.vrweb.com.
  • 99
    • 0032612487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Virtual cutting of anatomical structures
    • IOS Press
    • Voß, G., Hahn, J., Müller, W., & Lindeman, R. (1999). Virtual cutting of anatomical structures. In Proc. MMVR'99 (pp. 381-383). IOS Press.
    • (1999) Proc. MMVR'99 , pp. 381-383
    • Voß, G.1    Hahn, J.2    Müller, W.3    Lindeman, R.4
  • 100
    • 85037519412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Voxar, Ltd. http://www.voxar.com.
  • 101


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.