Ferromanganese Crust on Pelagic Sediments: Geochemistry and Formation Conditions

Geochemistry International

Volumn 36, Issue 11, 1998, Pages 1041-1051

  Dubinin, A V ^a  

^a SHIRSHOV INSTITUTE OF OCEANOLOGY   (Russian Federation)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0345813536     PISSN: 00167029     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Aplin, A.C., Rare Earth Element Geochemistry of Central Pacific Ferromanganese Encrustation, Earth. Planet. Sci. Lett., 1984, vol. 71, no. 1, p. 13.
2. Koski, R.A., Ferromanganese Deposits from the Gulf of Alaska Seamount Province: Mineralogy, Chemistry, and Origin, Can. J. Earth Sci., 1988, vol. 25, p. 116.
3. Hein, J.R., Schwab, W.C., and Davis, A.S., Cobalt-and Platinum-rich Ferromanganese Crusts and Associated Substrate Rocks from the Marshall Islands, Mar. Geol., 1988, vol. 78, p. 255.
4. De Carlo, E.H., Paleoceanographic Implications of Rare Earth Element Variability within a Fe-Mn Crust from the Central Pacific Ocean, Mar. Geol., 1991, vol. 98, no. 2/4, p. 449.
5. Varentsov, I.M., Drits, V.A., Gorshkov, A.I., et al., Mn-Fe Oxyhydroxide Crusts from Krylov Seamount (Eastern Atlantic): Mineralogy, Geochemistry and Genesis, Mar. Geol., 1991, vol. 96, no. 1/2, p. 53.
6. Bogdanov, Yu.A., Sorokhtin, O.G., Zonenshain, L.P., et al., Zhelezo-margantsevye korki i konkretsii podvodnykh gor Tikhogo okeana (Ferromanganese Crusts and Nodules of Pacific Seamounts), Moscow: Nauka, 1990.
7. Bogdanov, Y.A., Bogdanova, O.Y., Dubinin, A.V., et al., Composition of Ferromanganese Crusts and Nodules at Northwestern Pacific Guyots and Geologic and Paleoceanographic Considerations, Proc. Ocean Drill. Program: Sci. Results, 1995, vol. 144, p. 745.
8. Toth, J.R., Deposition of Submarine Crusts Rich in Manganese and Iron, Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., 1980, vol. 91, no. 1, p. 44.
9. Clauer, N., Stille, P., Bonnot-Courtois, C., and Moore, W.S., Nd-Sr Isotopic and REE Constraints on the Genesis of Hydrothermal Manganese Crust in the Galapagos, Nature (London), 1984, vol. 311, no. 5988, p. 743.
10. Dubinin, A.V. and Volkov, I.I., Mechanism of Rare Earth Element Accumulation on Iron Hydroxides in the Ocean, Geokhimiya, 1989, no. 8, p. 1089.
11. Sholkovitz, E.R., Landing, W.M., and Lewis, B.L., Ocean Particle Chemistry: the Fractionation of Rare Earth Elements between Suspended Particles and Seawater, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 1994, vol. 58, no. 6, p. 1567.
12. Bonatti, E., Kraemer, T., and Rydell, H., Classification and Genesis of Submarine Iron-Manganese Deposits, in Ferromanganese Deposits on the Ocean Floor, Washington, DC: NSF, 1972, p. 149.
13. Dubinin, A.V. and Volkov, I.I., Rare Earth Elements in Metalliferous Sediments of the East Pacific Rise, Geokhimiya, 1986, no. 5, p. 645.
14. Dubinin, A.V. and Volkov, I.I., Geochemistry of Bottom Sediments of the East Pacific Rise: A General Characterization of Their Metalliferous Potential, Litol. Polezn. Iskop., 1992, no. 6, p. 3.
15. Dubinin, A.V., Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry: Determination of Rare Earth Elements in Standard Samples of Oceanic Sediments, Geokhimiya, 1993, no. 11, p. 1605.
16. Unifitsirovannye metody analiza vod (Unified Methods of Water Analysis), Lur'e, Yu.Yu., Ed., Moscow: Khimiya, 1971.
17. Chester, R. and Hughes, M.J., A Chemical Technique for the Separation of Ferromanganese Minerals, Carbonate Minerals, and Adsorbed Trace Elements from Pelagic Sediments, Chem. Geol., 1967, vol. 2, p. 249.
18. Volkov, I.I., Sokolov, V.S., and Fomina, L.S., Reactive Forms of Elements in the Sediments of the Ocean Traverse, in Geokhimiya diageneza osadkov Tikhogo okeana (transokeanskii profil') [Geochemistry of Diagenesis of Pacific Sediments (Ocean Traverse)], Moscow: Nauka, 1980, p. 6.
19. Gromet, L.P., Dymek, R.F., Haskin, L.A., and Korotev, R.L., The "North American Shale Composite": Its Compilation, Major and Trace Element Characteristics, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 1984, vol. 48, p. 2469.
20. Piper, D.Z. and Graef, P., Gold and Rare-Earth Elements in Sediments from the East Pacific Rise, Mar. Geol., 1974, vol. 17, p. 287.
21. Elderfield, H., Hawkesworth, C.J., Greaves, M.J., and Calvert, S.E., Rare Earth Element Geochemistry of Oceanic Ferromanganese Nodules and Associated Sediments, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 1981, vol. 45, no. 4, p. 513.
22. Toyoda, K., Nakamura, Y., and Masuda, A., Rare Earth Elements of Pacific Pelagic Sediments, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 1990, vol. 54, no. 4, p. 1093.
23. Koschinsky, A. and Halbach, P., Sequential Leaching of Marine Ferromanganese Precipitates: Genetic Implications, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 1995, vol. 59, no. 24, p. 5113.
24. Lisitsyna, N.A. and Butuzova, G.Yu., Zeolites, in Litologiya i geokhimiya osadkov Tikhogo okeana (transokeanskii profil') [Lithology and Geochemistry of Pacific Sediments (Ocean Traverse)], Moscow: Nauka, 1979, p. 91.
25. Chelishchev, N.F., Gribanova, N.K., and Novikov, G.V., Sorbtsionnye svoistva okeanicheskikh zhelezomargantsevykh konkretsii i korok (Sorption Properties of Oceanic Ferromanganese Nodules and Crusts), Moscow: Nedra, 1992.
26. Dymond, J., Lyle, M., Finney, B., et al., Ferromanganese Nodules from MANOP Site H, S and R-Control of Mineralogical and Chemical Composition by Multiple Accretionary Processes, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 1984, vol. 48, no. 5, p. 931.
27. Elderfield, H., Hawkesworth, C.J., Greaves, M.J., et al., Rare Earth Element Zonation in Pacific Ferromanganese Nodules, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 1981, vol. 45, no. 7, p. 1231.
28. Dubinin, A.V. and Strekopytov, S.V., Geochemistry of Rare Earth Elements in the Processes of Formation of Ferromanganese Nodules in the Peru Basin of the Pacific Ocean, Litol. Polezn. Iskop., 1994, no. 4, p. 17.
29. Balashov, Yu.A., Geokhimiya redkozemel'nykh elementov (Geochemistry of Rare-Earth Elements), Moscow: Nauka, 1976.
30. Bostrom, K., The Origin and Fate of Ferromanganoan Active Ridge Sediments, Stokholm. Contrib. Geol., 1973, vol. 27, no. 2, p. 149.
31. Elderfield, H. and Pagett, R., Rare Earth Elements in Ichthyoliths: Variations with Redox Conditions and Depositional Environment, Sci. Total Environ., 1986, vol. 49, Spec. Issue, p. 175.