Public Relations in Contemporary India: Current Demands and Strategy

Public Relations Review

Volumn 26, Issue 3, 2000, Pages 295-313

  Singh, Raveena ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CANBERRA   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0345806541     PISSN: 03638111     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0363-8111(00)00049-7     Document Type: Article

References (90)

1. Jalan Bimal, India's Economic Policy. (New Delhi: Penguin, 1996).
2. For example, see, "CARWARS II" Businessworld 4 October (1999), pp. 20-26.
3. Professor the Lord Desai, India's Triple By-Pass: Economic Liberalisation, the BJP and the 1996 Elections. Transcribed paper of a speech at the 21st National Conference of the Australian Institute of International Affairs. National Center for South Asian Studies. Melbourne. November 1995, pp. 1-2.
4. Ibid., p 1.
5. Ibid., p 3
6. A. Bhaduri and D. Nayyar, The Intelligent Person's Guide to Liberalization (New Delhi: Penguin, 1996).
7. "Swadeshi," is the principle of "buy/support India." The concept was born in 1947 at the time of independence and was based on the feeling that British products and services should no longer be supported.
8. See Proceedings of the 19th PRSI All India National Conference, Ooty (1997), p. 4.
9. See The Hindu Surveys of Indian Industry 1991, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, and 1999. Also see The Hindu Survey of Indian Agriculture 1999 and The Hindu Survey of the Environment 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998 and 1999.
10. See The Hindu Surveys of Indian Industry 1991, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, and 1999. Also see The Hindu Survey of Indian Agriculture 1999 and The Hindu Survey of the Environment 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998 and 1999.
11. See The Hindu Surveys of Indian Industry 1991, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, and 1999. Also see The Hindu Survey of Indian Agriculture 1999 and The Hindu Survey of the Environment 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998 and 1999.
12. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam and Y. S. Rajan, India 2020. A Vision for the New Millennium (New Delhi: Penguin Books, 1998).
13. Ibid.
14. Ibid.
15. Ibid., pp. 3-4.
16. Also see, "Normalizing India. India's Election. Greater Expectations, The Economist. 4-10 September (1999), pp. 22-24.
17. V. N. Narayanan and Jyoti Sabharwal, (eds.), India at 50. Bliss of Hope & Burden of Reality. (New Delhi: Sterling, 1997).
18. K. Singh, "A Unique Experiment, pp. 1-9.
19. K. Vatsyayan, "Indian Heritage: The Spirit Has to Revive, pp. 10-18.
20. A. Singh, "As a Luxury Education, pp. 207-223.
21. B. Dogra, "Environment: Grassroots Movements, pp. 345-357.
22. T. N. Kaul, "International image is determined by political leadership, pp. 377, 384.
23. M. L. Kaul, "PR in Retrospect and prospect," pp. 19-22.
24. C.V.N. Reddi, "50 Years of Indian PR," PR Voice 1 (1997), pp. 23-30.
25. C.V.N. Reddi, "Emperor Asoka: The Pioneer of Indian Public Information, (273-232 B.C.)," PR Voice 1 (1997), pp. 23-27.
26. C.V.N. Reddi, "Notes on PR Practice in India. Emerging New Human Environment-A Challenge," Asia Pacific PR Journal 1 (1999), pp. 147-160.
27. loc.cit., pp. 147-148.
28. C.V.N. Reddi, "Gandhiji: Father of Indian PR," PR Voice 1 (1997), pp. 4-12.
29. M. L. Kaul, "PR in Retrospect and Prospect," op. cit., pp. 19-22.
30. M. L. Kaul, op. cit., pp.
31. loc.cit.
32. loc.cit.
33. loc.cit.
34. loc.cit.
35. loc.cit.
36. loc.cit.
37. loc.cit.
38. loc.cit.
39. loc cit.
40. loc.cit.
41. loc.cit.
42. loc.cit.
43. loc.cit.
44. loc.cit.
45. K. Sriramesh, The Impact of Societal Culture on PR: An Ethnographic Study of South Indian Organizations, Unpublished doctoral thesis, University of Maryland College Park, 1992.
46. loc.cit.
47. loc.cit.
48. James E. Grunig, Larissa A. Grunig, K. Sriramesh, Yi-Hui Huang, and Anastasia Lyra, "Models of PR in an International Setting," Journal of PR Research 7 (1995), pp. 163-185.
49. loc. cit.
50. S. Bhal, "PR in Liberalized Economy," PR Voice 1 (1997), p. 32.
51. See following articles in PR Voice 1 (1997). Bhal, "PR in Liberalized Economy," p. 32; Unauthored, "National President Speaks," p. 64; Bashiruddin, "New Paradigms for Corporate Relations," Ibid., p. 69. PR Voice 1 (1998). Sardana, "Emerging Public Sector Scenario: PR Perspectives," p. 3; Bahl, "PR in Emerging Industrial Scenario," Ibid., p. 6; Syam, "PR in a Changing World," Ibid., p. 15; Banik, "Public Sector-The New Paradigm," Ibid., p. 21; Sripathi Rao, "PR Career Opportunities in Government," Ibid., p. 56. PR Voice 2 (1998). Bahl, "Emerging Corporate India: Redefining PR Strategies," pp. 4-6; Karan, "Corporate Marketing: Advertising Strategies," Ibid., pp. 9-11; Banik, "PR in Emerging Competitive Environment," [Ibid., pp. 13-14]. PR Voice 2 (1999). Unauthored, "Challenges for Public Utilities.
52. See following articles in PR Voice 1 (1997). Bhal, "PR in Liberalized Economy," p. 32; Unauthored, "National President Speaks," p. 64; Bashiruddin, "New Paradigms for Corporate Relations," Ibid., p. 69. PR Voice 1 (1998). Sardana, "Emerging Public Sector Scenario: PR Perspectives," p. 3; Bahl, "PR in Emerging Industrial Scenario," Ibid., p. 6; Syam, "PR in a Changing World," Ibid., p. 15; Banik, "Public Sector-The New Paradigm," Ibid., p. 21; Sripathi Rao, "PR Career Opportunities in Government," Ibid., p. 56. PR Voice 2 (1998). Bahl, "Emerging Corporate India: Redefining PR Strategies," pp. 4-6; Karan, "Corporate Marketing: Advertising Strategies," Ibid., pp. 9-11; Banik, "PR in Emerging Competitive Environment," [Ibid., pp. 13-14]. PR Voice 2 (1999). Unauthored, "Challenges for Public Utilities.
53. See following articles in PR Voice 1 (1997). Bhal, "PR in Liberalized Economy," p. 32; Unauthored, "National President Speaks," p. 64; Bashiruddin, "New Paradigms for Corporate Relations," Ibid., p. 69. PR Voice 1 (1998). Sardana, "Emerging Public Sector Scenario: PR Perspectives," p. 3; Bahl, "PR in Emerging Industrial Scenario," Ibid., p. 6; Syam, "PR in a Changing World," Ibid., p. 15; Banik, "Public Sector-The New Paradigm," Ibid., p. 21; Sripathi Rao, "PR Career Opportunities in Government," Ibid., p. 56. PR Voice 2 (1998). Bahl, "Emerging Corporate India: Redefining PR Strategies," pp. 4-6; Karan, "Corporate Marketing: Advertising Strategies," Ibid., pp. 9-11; Banik, "PR in Emerging Competitive Environment," [Ibid., pp. 13-14]. PR Voice 2 (1999). Unauthored, "Challenges for Public Utilities.
54. See following articles in PR Voice 1 (1997). Bhal, "PR in Liberalized Economy," p. 32; Unauthored, "National President Speaks," p. 64; Bashiruddin, "New Paradigms for Corporate Relations," Ibid., p. 69. PR Voice 1 (1998). Sardana, "Emerging Public Sector Scenario: PR Perspectives," p. 3; Bahl, "PR in Emerging Industrial Scenario," Ibid., p. 6; Syam, "PR in a Changing World," Ibid., p. 15; Banik, "Public Sector-The New Paradigm," Ibid., p. 21; Sripathi Rao, "PR Career Opportunities in Government," Ibid., p. 56. PR Voice 2 (1998). Bahl, "Emerging Corporate India: Redefining PR Strategies," pp. 4-6; Karan, "Corporate Marketing: Advertising Strategies," Ibid., pp. 9-11; Banik, "PR in Emerging Competitive Environment," [Ibid., pp. 13-14]. PR Voice 2 (1999). Unauthored, "Challenges for Public Utilities.
55. See following articles in PR Voice 1 (1997). Bhal, "PR in Liberalized Economy," p. 32; Unauthored, "National President Speaks," p. 64; Bashiruddin, "New Paradigms for Corporate Relations," Ibid., p. 69. PR Voice 1 (1998). Sardana, "Emerging Public Sector Scenario: PR Perspectives," p. 3; Bahl, "PR in Emerging Industrial Scenario," Ibid., p. 6; Syam, "PR in a Changing World," Ibid., p. 15; Banik, "Public Sector-The New Paradigm," Ibid., p. 21; Sripathi Rao, "PR Career Opportunities in Government," Ibid., p. 56. PR Voice 2 (1998). Bahl, "Emerging Corporate India: Redefining PR Strategies," pp. 4-6; Karan, "Corporate Marketing: Advertising Strategies," Ibid., pp. 9-11; Banik, "PR in Emerging Competitive Environment," [Ibid., pp. 13-14]. PR Voice 2 (1999). Unauthored, "Challenges for Public Utilities.
56. See following articles in PR Voice 1 (1997). Bhal, "PR in Liberalized Economy," p. 32; Unauthored, "National President Speaks," p. 64; Bashiruddin, "New Paradigms for Corporate Relations," Ibid., p. 69. PR Voice 1 (1998). Sardana, "Emerging Public Sector Scenario: PR Perspectives," p. 3; Bahl, "PR in Emerging Industrial Scenario," Ibid., p. 6; Syam, "PR in a Changing World," Ibid., p. 15; Banik, "Public Sector-The New Paradigm," Ibid., p. 21; Sripathi Rao, "PR Career Opportunities in Government," Ibid., p. 56. PR Voice 2 (1998). Bahl, "Emerging Corporate India: Redefining PR Strategies," pp. 4-6; Karan, "Corporate Marketing: Advertising Strategies," Ibid., pp. 9-11; Banik, "PR in Emerging Competitive Environment," [Ibid., pp. 13-14]. PR Voice 2 (1999). Unauthored, "Challenges for Public Utilities.
57. See following articles in PR Voice 1 (1997). Bhal, "PR in Liberalized Economy," p. 32; Unauthored, "National President Speaks," p. 64; Bashiruddin, "New Paradigms for Corporate Relations," Ibid., p. 69. PR Voice 1 (1998). Sardana, "Emerging Public Sector Scenario: PR Perspectives," p. 3; Bahl, "PR in Emerging Industrial Scenario," Ibid., p. 6; Syam, "PR in a Changing World," Ibid., p. 15; Banik, "Public Sector-The New Paradigm," Ibid., p. 21; Sripathi Rao, "PR Career Opportunities in Government," Ibid., p. 56. PR Voice 2 (1998). Bahl, "Emerging Corporate India: Redefining PR Strategies," pp. 4-6; Karan, "Corporate Marketing: Advertising Strategies," Ibid., pp. 9-11; Banik, "PR in Emerging Competitive Environment," [Ibid., pp. 13-14]. PR Voice 2 (1999). Unauthored, "Challenges for Public Utilities.
58. See following articles in PR Voice 1 (1997). Bhal, "PR in Liberalized Economy," p. 32; Unauthored, "National President Speaks," p. 64; Bashiruddin, "New Paradigms for Corporate Relations," Ibid., p. 69. PR Voice 1 (1998). Sardana, "Emerging Public Sector Scenario: PR Perspectives," p. 3; Bahl, "PR in Emerging Industrial Scenario," Ibid., p. 6; Syam, "PR in a Changing World," Ibid., p. 15; Banik, "Public Sector-The New Paradigm," Ibid., p. 21; Sripathi Rao, "PR Career Opportunities in Government," Ibid., p. 56. PR Voice 2 (1998). Bahl, "Emerging Corporate India: Redefining PR Strategies," pp. 4-6; Karan, "Corporate Marketing: Advertising Strategies," Ibid., pp. 9-11; Banik, "PR in Emerging Competitive Environment," [Ibid., pp. 13-14]. PR Voice 2 (1999). Unauthored, "Challenges for Public Utilities.
59. See following articles in PR Voice 1 (1997). Bhal, "PR in Liberalized Economy," p. 32; Unauthored, "National President Speaks," p. 64; Bashiruddin, "New Paradigms for Corporate Relations," Ibid., p. 69. PR Voice 1 (1998). Sardana, "Emerging Public Sector Scenario: PR Perspectives," p. 3; Bahl, "PR in Emerging Industrial Scenario," Ibid., p. 6; Syam, "PR in a Changing World," Ibid., p. 15; Banik, "Public Sector-The New Paradigm," Ibid., p. 21; Sripathi Rao, "PR Career Opportunities in Government," Ibid., p. 56. PR Voice 2 (1998). Bahl, "Emerging Corporate India: Redefining PR Strategies," pp. 4-6; Karan, "Corporate Marketing: Advertising Strategies," Ibid., pp. 9-11; Banik, "PR in Emerging Competitive Environment," [Ibid., pp. 13-14]. PR Voice 2 (1999). Unauthored, "Challenges for Public Utilities.
60. See following articles in PR Voice 1 (1997). Bhal, "PR in Liberalized Economy," p. 32; Unauthored, "National President Speaks," p. 64; Bashiruddin, "New Paradigms for Corporate Relations," Ibid., p. 69. PR Voice 1 (1998). Sardana, "Emerging Public Sector Scenario: PR Perspectives," p. 3; Bahl, "PR in Emerging Industrial Scenario," Ibid., p. 6; Syam, "PR in a Changing World," Ibid., p. 15; Banik, "Public Sector-The New Paradigm," Ibid., p. 21; Sripathi Rao, "PR Career Opportunities in Government," Ibid., p. 56. PR Voice 2 (1998). Bahl, "Emerging Corporate India: Redefining PR Strategies," pp. 4-6; Karan, "Corporate Marketing: Advertising Strategies," Ibid., pp. 9-11; Banik, "PR in Emerging Competitive Environment," [Ibid., pp. 13-14]. PR Voice 2 (1999). Unauthored, "Challenges for Public Utilities.
61. See following articles in PR Voice 1 (1997). Bhal, "PR in Liberalized Economy," p. 32; Unauthored, "National President Speaks," p. 64; Bashiruddin, "New Paradigms for Corporate Relations," Ibid., p. 69. PR Voice 1 (1998). Sardana, "Emerging Public Sector Scenario: PR Perspectives," p. 3; Bahl, "PR in Emerging Industrial Scenario," Ibid., p. 6; Syam, "PR in a Changing World," Ibid., p. 15; Banik, "Public Sector-The New Paradigm," Ibid., p. 21; Sripathi Rao, "PR Career Opportunities in Government," Ibid., p. 56. PR Voice 2 (1998). Bahl, "Emerging Corporate India: Redefining PR Strategies," pp. 4-6; Karan, "Corporate Marketing: Advertising Strategies," Ibid., pp. 9-11; Banik, "PR in Emerging Competitive Environment," [Ibid., pp. 13-14]. PR Voice 2 (1999). Unauthored, "Challenges for Public Utilities.
62. See following articles in PR Voice 1 (1997). Bhal, "PR in Liberalized Economy," p. 32; Unauthored, "National President Speaks," p. 64; Bashiruddin, "New Paradigms for Corporate Relations," Ibid., p. 69. PR Voice 1 (1998). Sardana, "Emerging Public Sector Scenario: PR Perspectives," p. 3; Bahl, "PR in Emerging Industrial Scenario," Ibid., p. 6; Syam, "PR in a Changing World," Ibid., p. 15; Banik, "Public Sector-The New Paradigm," Ibid., p. 21; Sripathi Rao, "PR Career Opportunities in Government," Ibid., p. 56. PR Voice 2 (1998). Bahl, "Emerging Corporate India: Redefining PR Strategies," pp. 4-6; Karan, "Corporate Marketing: Advertising Strategies," Ibid., pp. 9-11; Banik, "PR in Emerging Competitive Environment," [Ibid., pp. 13-14]. PR Voice 2 (1999). Unauthored, "Challenges for Public Utilities.
63. See following articles in PR Voice 1 (1997). Bhal, "PR in Liberalized Economy," p. 32; Unauthored, "National President Speaks," p. 64; Bashiruddin, "New Paradigms for Corporate Relations," Ibid., p. 69. PR Voice 1 (1998). Sardana, "Emerging Public Sector Scenario: PR Perspectives," p. 3; Bahl, "PR in Emerging Industrial Scenario," Ibid., p. 6; Syam, "PR in a Changing World," Ibid., p. 15; Banik, "Public Sector-The New Paradigm," Ibid., p. 21; Sripathi Rao, "PR Career Opportunities in Government," Ibid., p. 56. PR Voice 2 (1998). Bahl, "Emerging Corporate India: Redefining PR Strategies," pp. 4-6; Karan, "Corporate Marketing: Advertising Strategies," Ibid., pp. 9-11; Banik, "PR in Emerging Competitive Environment," [Ibid., pp. 13-14]. PR Voice 2 (1999). Unauthored, "Challenges for Public Utilities.
64. See following articles in PR Voice 1 (1997). Bhal, "PR in Liberalized Economy," p. 32; Unauthored, "National President Speaks," p. 64; Bashiruddin, "New Paradigms for Corporate Relations," Ibid., p. 69. PR Voice 1 (1998). Sardana, "Emerging Public Sector Scenario: PR Perspectives," p. 3; Bahl, "PR in Emerging Industrial Scenario," Ibid., p. 6; Syam, "PR in a Changing World," Ibid., p. 15; Banik, "Public Sector-The New Paradigm," Ibid., p. 21; Sripathi Rao, "PR Career Opportunities in Government," Ibid., p. 56. PR Voice 2 (1998). Bahl, "Emerging Corporate India: Redefining PR Strategies," pp. 4-6; Karan, "Corporate Marketing: Advertising Strategies," Ibid., pp. 9-11; Banik, "PR in Emerging Competitive Environment," [Ibid., pp. 13-14]. PR Voice 2 (1999). Unauthored, "Challenges for Public Utilities.
65. See following articles in PR Voice 1 (1997). Bhal, "PR in Liberalized Economy," p. 32; Unauthored, "National President Speaks," p. 64; Bashiruddin, "New Paradigms for Corporate Relations," Ibid., p. 69. PR Voice 1 (1998). Sardana, "Emerging Public Sector Scenario: PR Perspectives," p. 3; Bahl, "PR in Emerging Industrial Scenario," Ibid., p. 6; Syam, "PR in a Changing World," Ibid., p. 15; Banik, "Public Sector-The New Paradigm," Ibid., p. 21; Sripathi Rao, "PR Career Opportunities in Government," Ibid., p. 56. PR Voice 2 (1998). Bahl, "Emerging Corporate India: Redefining PR Strategies," pp. 4-6; Karan, "Corporate Marketing: Advertising Strategies," Ibid., pp. 9-11; Banik, "PR in Emerging Competitive Environment," [Ibid., pp. 13-14]. PR Voice 2 (1999). Unauthored, "Challenges for Public Utilities.
66. D. Newsom and B. Carrell, "Professional PRin India: Need Outstrips Supply," PR Review 20 (1994), pp. 183-188.
67. Reddi, "Notes on PR Practice in India," pp. 154.
68. See Proceedings of the 19th All India National Conference, op. cit., pp. 4.
69. Reddi, "Notes on PR Practice in India," pp. 154.
70. Ibid.
71. loc.cit.
72. Interview with Adity Syam, Executive Trustee, IFPR. Calcutta, India, 24 September 1999.
73. The University Grants, Commission is the Indian Government's controlling body on curriculum design and implementation.
74. Ibid., p. 10, see themes of conferences.
75. See Conference Proceedings, op. cit, p. 4.
76. See PR Voice 1 (2) (1988), p. 68 and 2 (3) (1999), p. 50.
77. See PR Voice 1 (2) (1988), p. 68 and 2 (3) (1999), p. 50.
78. Interview with N. D. Rajpal, National President, PRSI, 23 April, 1999, Chandigarh, India.
79. Reddi, "50 Years of Indian PR," op. cit., p 29.
80. Interviews and discussions held with the National Executive Committee. PRSI, New Delhi, India. 10-16 September, 1999.
81. R. Singh and Rohit Raj Mathur, "India PR Inc. 7 assignments for the third millennium." South Asian Journal of Management 6 (1999), pp. 45-47.
82. See "India's New Economy. Forget the Election. High Technology is What Really Matters. India: Growing Smartly" Newsweek 27 September (1999), pp. 36-39; "NIIT Has Transformed Itself into a Global Knowledge Player." Business India 6-19 September (1999), pp. 50-57.
83. See "India's New Economy. Forget the Election. High Technology is What Really Matters. India: Growing Smartly" Newsweek 27 September (1999), pp. 36-39; "NIIT Has Transformed Itself into a Global Knowledge Player." Business India 6-19 September (1999), pp. 50-57.
84. India's Economy at the Midnight Hour. Australia's India Strategy. Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade. East Asia Analytical Unit. Australia, (1994), pp. 115.
85. Reddi, "Notes on PR Practice in India," op. cit., pp. 155-157.
86. loc.cit.
87. Reddi, '50 Years of Indian PR," Ibid., pp. 29-30.
88. I. Nicholas, "Assessing the Needs of Consultants. More Questions than Answers," Asia Pacific PR Journal 1 (1999), pp. 129-134.
89. Reddi, "Notes on PR Practice in India," op. cit., p. 157.
90. Ibid., p. 156.