She say, she go, she be like: Verbs of quotation over time in African American vernacular English

American Speech

Volumn 77, Issue 1, 2002, Pages 3-31

  Cukor Avila, Patricia ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0345754732     PISSN: 00031283     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1215/00031283-77-1-3     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Atherton, Lewis. 1949. The Southern Country Store 1800-1860. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State Univ. Press.
2. Ayers, Edward L. 1992. The Promise of the New South: Life after Reconstruction. New York: Oxford Univ. Press.
3. Bailey, Guy. 1987. Part 4 of "Are Black and White Vernaculars Diverging? Papers from the NWAVE XIV Panel Discussion." American Speech 62: 32-40.
4. Bailey, Guy, and Patricia Cukor-Avila. 1991. "The Evidence for Convergence." Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Southeastern Conference on Linguistics (SECOL), Knoxville, Tenn., 5-6 Apr.
5. Bailey, Guy, and Natalie Maynor. 1989. "The Divergence Controversy." American Speech 64: 12-39.
6. Bailey, Guy, Tom Wikle, Jan Tillery, and Lori Sand. 1993. "Some Patterns of Linguistic Diffusion." Language Variation and Change 5: 359-90.
7. Blyth, Carl, Sigrid Becktenwald, and Jenny Wang. 1990. "I'm like, 'Say what?!' A New Quotative in American Oral Narrative." American Speech 65: 215-27.
8. Buchstaller, Isabelle. 2001. "He goes and I'm like: The New Quotatives Re-visited." Paper presented at the 30th annual meeting on New Ways of Analyzing Variation (NWAV 30), Raleigh, N.C., 11-14 Oct.
9. Butters, Ronald R. 1980. "Narrative go 'say'." American Speech 55: 304-7.
10. _. 1982. Editor's note to Schourup (1982). American Speech 57: 149.
11. _. 1989. The Death of Black English: Divergence and Convergence in Black and White Vernaculars. Bamberger Beiträge zur englischen Sprachwissenschaft 25. Frankfurt am Main: Lang.
12. Chambers, J. K. 1995. Sociolinguistic Theory. Oxford: Blackwell.
13. Cheshire, Jenny. 1982. Variation in an English Dialect: A Sociolinguistic Study. New York: Cambridge Univ. Press.
14. Clark, Thomas D. 1944. Pills, Petticoats, and Plows: The Southern Country Store, New York: Bobbs-Merrill.
15. Cukor-Avila, Patricia. 1995. "The Evolution of AAVE in a Rural Texas Community: An Ethnolinguistic Study." Ph.D. diss., Univ. of Michigan.
16. _. 1997. "Change and Stability in the Use of Verbal -s over Time in AAVE." In Englishes around the World: Studies in Honour of Manfred Görlach, vol. 1, General Studies, British Isles, North America, ed. Edgar W. Schneider, 295-306. Amsterdam: Benjamins.
17. _. 1999. "Stativity and Copula Absence in AAVE: Grammatical Constraints at the Sub-Categorical Level." Journal of English Linguistics 27: 341-55.
18. _. 2001. "Co-existing Grammars: The Relationship between the Evolution of African American Vernacular English and White Vernacular English in the South." In Sociocultural and Historical Contexts of African American English, ed. Sonja Lanehart, 93-127. Philadelphia: Benjamins.
19. Cukor-Avila, Patricia, and Guy Bailey. 1995a. "An Approach to Sociolinguistic Fieldwork: A Site Study of Rural AAVE in a Texas Community." English World-Wide 16: 159-93.
20. _. 1995b. "Grammaticalization in AAVE." In Proceedings of the Twenty-first Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistic Society, ed. Jocelyn Ahlers, Leela Bilmes, Joshua S. Guenter, Barbara A. Kaiser, and Ju Namkung, 401-13. Berkeley: Dept. of Linguistics, Univ. of California.
21. _. 1996. "The Spread of Urban AAVE: A Case Study." In Sociolinguistic Variation: Data, Theory, and Analysis: Selected Papers from NWAV-23 at Stanford, ed. Jennifer Arnold, Renee Blake, Brad Davidson, Scott Sehwenter, and Julie Solomon, 469-85. Stanford, Calif.: Center for the Study of Language and Information.
22. _. 2001. "The Effects of the Race of the Interviewer on Sociolinguistic Fieldwork." Journal of Sociolinguistics 5: 254-70.
23. Dailey-O'Cain, Jennifer. 2000. "The Sociolinguistic Distribution of and Attitudes toward Focuser like and Quotative like." Journal of Sociolinguistics 4: 60-80.
24. Eriksson, Mats. 1995. "A Case of Grammaticalization in Modern Swedish: The Use of ba in Adolescent Speech." Language Sciences 17: 19-48.
25. Ferrara, Kathleen, and Barbara Bell. 1995. "Sociolinguistic Variation and Discourse Function of Constructed Dialogue Introducers: The Case of be + like." American Speech 70: 265-90.
26. Golato, Andrea. 2000. "An Innovative German Quotative for Reporting on Embodied Actions: Und ich so / und er so 'and I'm like / and he's like'." Journal of Pragmatics 32: 29-54.
27. Hopper, Paul, and Elisabeth Closs Traugott. 1993. Grammaticalization. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press.
28. Johnstone, Barbara. 1990. Stories, Community, and Place: Narratives from Middle America. Bloomington: Indiana Univ. Press.
29. _. 1993. "Community and Contest: Midwestern Men and Women Creating Their Worlds in Conversational Storytelling." In Gender and Conversational Interaction, ed. Deborah Tannen, 62-80. Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press.
30. Kroch, Anthony S. 1989. "Reflexes of Grammar in Patterns of Language Change." Language Variation and Change 1: 199-244.
31. Labov, William. 1972. Language in the Inner City: Studies in the Black English Vernacular. Philadelphia: Univ. of Pennsylvania Press.
32. Labov, William, Paul Cohen, Clarence Robins, and John Lewis. 1968. A Study of the Non-standard English of Negro and Puerto Rican Speakers in New York City. Philadelphia: U.S. Regional Survey.
33. Mathis, Terrie, and George Yule. 1994. "Zero Quotatives." Discourse Processes 18: 63-76.
34. Milroy, Leslie. 1987. Language and Social Networks. New York: Blackwell.
35. Rand, David, and David Sankoff. 1990. GoldVarb: A Variable Rule Application for the Macintosh (Version 2). Montreal: Centre de Recherches Mathématiques, Université de Montréal.
36. Romaine, Suzanne, and Deborah Lange. 1991. "The Use of like as a Marker of Reported Speech and Thought: A Case of Grammaticalization in Progress." American Speech 66: 227-79.
37. Sánchez., Tara, and Anne Charity. 1999. "Use of be like and Other Verbs of Quotation in a Predominantly African-American Community." Paper presented at the 28th meeting on New Ways of Analyzing Variation in English (NWAVE 28), Toronto, 14-17 Oct.
38. Schourup, Lawrence. 1982. "Quoting with go 'say'." American Speech 57: 148-49.
39. Singler, John Victor. 2001. "Why You Can't Do a VARBRUL Study of Quotatives and What Such a Study Can Show Us." University of Pennsylvania Working Papers in Linguistics 7: 257-78.
40. Tagliamonte, Sali, and Rachel Hudson. 1999. "Be like et al. beyond America: The Quotative System in British and Canadian Youth." Journal of Sociolinguistics 3: 147-72.
41. Tannen, Deborah. 1986. "Introducing Constructed Dialogue in Greek and American Conversational and Literary Narrative." In Direct and Indirect Speech, ed. Florian Coulmas, 311-32. New York: de Gruyter.
42. Tillery, Jan, Tom Wikle, and Guy Bailey. 2000. "The Nationalization of a Southernism." Journal of English Linguistics 28: 280-94.
43. Traugott, Elisabeth Closs, and Bernd Heine, eds. 1991. Approaches to Grammaticalization. Amsterdam: Benjamins.
44. Trudgill, Peter. 1974. "Linguistic Change and Diffusion: Description and Explanation in Sociolinguistic Dialectology." Language in Society 3: 215-46.
45. _. 1986. Dialects in Contact. New York: Blackwell.
46. Underhill, Robert. 1988. "Like Is, Like, Focus." American Speech 63: 234-46.
47. Wolfram, Walt, and Ralph Fasold. 1974. The Study of Social Dialects in American English. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall.
48. Yule, George, and Terrie Mathis. 1992. "The Role of Staging and Constructed Dialogue in Establishing Speaker's Topic." Linguistics 30: 199-215.