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Materials and methods are available as supporting material on Science Online.
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Subtle differences across PNs in the same glomerulus may reflect true differences among the three to five PNs innervating each glomerulus, differences among individual flies, or variability across preparations.
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0347584011
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We noted a weak PN response to the small mechanical component of the stimulus (which was generally the same as the response to paraffin oil, bottom row, Fig. 3) to which the OSNs did not respond. This result suggests that PNs may also receive indirect input from mechanosensory antennal afferents, which terminate immediately posterior to the olfactory glomeruli.
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Lifetime sparseness, S, ranges from 0 (for a neuron that responds equally to all stimuli) to 1 (for a neuron that is excited by one stimulus and shows zero response to all others).
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One connection was detected in nine paired recordings. No inhibitory connections were detected in these pairs, which may reflect a low LN to PN connectivity or a unitary conductance that is too small or electrotonically distant to be detected in the soma. Also, we cannot exclude the possibility that the effect of picrotoxin on PN odor responses may be indirect, reflecting disinhibition of lateral excitatory inputs.
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One study has described a strong correlation between OSN- and PN-derived signals in the same glomerulus, but only when the OSN map was visualized using a higher odor concentration than that used to visualize the PN map (12). The necessity for this higher stimulus concentration was attributed to a weak OSN Gal4-driver but may also reflect a genuine difference between OSN and PN odor responses, as we show here.
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0348213727
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We thank L. Luo, L. Vosshall, R. Stocker, and S. Benzer for fly lines, E. Buchner and A. Hofbauer for nc82 antibody, D. Darcy and M. Dickinson of the Caltech Biological Imaging center for technical assistance, and J. R. Carlson and W. van der Goes van Naters for sharing methods and flies. We thank M. Stopfer, W. D. Tracey, and members of the Laurent lab for helpful discussions. This work was supported by the Helen Hay Whitney Foundation (R.I.W.), the Jane Coffin Childs Foundation (G.C.T.), the McKnight and Keck Foundations, the National Science Foundation, and the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (G.L.).
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