Direct Voltammetric Evidence for a Reducing Agent Generated from the Electrochemical Oxidation of Tripropylamine for Electrochemiluminescence of Ruthenium Tris(bipyridine) Complexes?

ChemPhysChem

Volumn 4, Issue 11, 2003, Pages 1241-1243

  Zhou, Ming ^a   Heinze, Jürgen ^b   Borgwarth, Kai ^b   Grover, Chander P ^a  

^a NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITY OF FREIBURG   (Germany)

Author keywords

Amines; Electrochemistry; Luminescence; Tripropylamine

Indexed keywords

AMINES; ELECTROCHEMICAL OXIDATION; ELECTROCHEMISTRY; EXCITED STATES; FREE RADICALS; LUMINESCENCE; REDOX REACTIONS;

BIPYRIDINES; CHEMICAL NATURE; ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; OXIDATION MECHANISMS; REDOX-ACTIVE SUBSTANCES; RU(BPY); TRIPROPYLAMINE; VOLTAMMETRIC;

ANODIC OXIDATION;

ACETONITRILE; BIPYRIDINE DERIVATIVE; FREE RADICAL; ION; PLATINUM; PROPYLAMINE; REDUCING AGENT; RUTHENIUM COMPLEX; TETRABUTYLAMMONIUM; TRIPROPYLAMINE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ANALYTIC METHOD; ANODIC STRIPPING POTENTIOMETRY; AQUEOUS SOLUTION; ARTICLE; CHEMICAL ANALYSIS; CHEMICAL PARAMETERS; CHEMICAL REACTION; CHEMOLUMINESCENCE; CYCLIC POTENTIOMETRY; ELECTRIC POTENTIAL; ELECTROCHEMICAL ANALYSIS; ELECTROCHEMISTRY; ELECTRODE; ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE; IMMUNODIFFUSION; OXIDATION; OXIDATION REDUCTION REACTION; POTENTIOMETRY; PROTON TRANSPORT; REDUCTION; SIGNAL PROCESSING; SPIKE WAVE; SURFACE PROPERTY;

EID: 0345708200     PISSN: 14394235     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/cphc.200300875     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. J. K. Leland, M. J. Powell, J. Electrochem. Soc. 1990, 137, 3127-3131.
2. Y. Zu, A. J. Bard, Anal. Chem. 2000, 72, 3223-3232.
3. F. Kanoufi, Y. Zu, Y., A. J. Bard, J. Phys. Chem. B 2001, 105, 210-216.
4. E. M. Gross, P. Pastore, R. M. Wightman, J. Phys. Chem. B 2001, 105, 8732-8738.
5. W. Miao, J.-P. Choi, A. J. Bard, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2002, 124, 14478-14485.
6. G. F. Blackburn, H. P. Shah, J. H. Kenten, J. Leland, R. A. Kamin, J. Link, J. Peterman, M. J. Powell, A. Shah, D. B. Talley, S. K. Tyagi, E. Wilkins, T.-G. Wu, R. J. Massey, Clin. Chem. 1991, 37/9, 1534-1539.
7. K. Erler, Wien. Klin. Wochenschr. 1998, 110, 5-10.
8. P. J. Smith, C. K. Mann, J. Org. Chem. 1969, 34, 1821-1825.
9. L. C. Portis, V. V. Bhat, C. K. Mann, J. Org. Chem. 1970, 35, 2175-2178.
10. M. Zhou, J. Heinze, J. Phys. Chem. B 1999, 103, 8443-8450.
11. H. Kiesele, Anal. Chem. 1981, 53, 1952-1954.
12. A trace amount of oxygen in the solution can react with the reducing agent and result in the disappearance of the anodic wave.
13. a) M. M. Richter, A. J. Bard, W. Kim, R. H. Schmehl, Anal. Chem., 1998, 70, 310-318;
14. b) M. Zhou, J. Roovers, Macromolecules, 2001, 34, 244-252.
15. a) A redox potential of about -1.7V vs. Ag/AgCl was estimated for the reducing radical in ref. [28] of the above ref. [5]. This estimation is based on ECL research of a series of organic systems. See ref. [14b]. A similar value was also estimated in ref. [14c];
16. a) A redox potential of about -1.7V vs. Ag/AgCl was estimated for the reducing radical in ref. [28] of the above ref. [5]. This estimation is based on ECL research of a series of organic systems. See ref. [14b]. A similar value was also estimated in ref. [14c];
17. b) R. Y. Lai, A. J. Bard, J. Phys. Chem. A 2003, 107, 3335-3340;
18. c) K. Bhattacharyya, P. K. Das, J. Phys. Chem. B 1986, 90, 3987-3993.
19. D. D. M. Wayner, D. J. McPhee, D. Griller, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 132-137.
20. 1/2 = -0.81 V in acetonitrile vs. SCE, -0.81 V in acetonitrile vs. Sodium saturated calomel electrode (SSCE) and -0.83 V in water vs. SCE were reported in ref. [16b,c], [16d], and [16e], respectively. However, the values of -0.83 V vs. normal hydrogen electrode (NHE), -0.84 V vs. NHE, -0.85 V vs. NHE and -1.06 V vs. Ag/AgCl were used in ref.s [16f,g], [3], [16h], and [5]. The difference between two extreme values with respect to the same reference electrode is about 0.2 V. Here we cite the most negative value, used also in ref. [5];
21. b) C. R. Bock, T. J. Meyer, D. G. Whitten, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1975, 97, 2909-2911;
22. c) C. R. Bock, J. A. Connor, A. R. Gutierrez, T. J. Meyer, D. G. Whitten, B. P. Sullivan, J. K. Nagle, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1979, 101, 4815-4824;
23. d) C. P. Anderson, D. J. Salmon, T. J. Meyer, R. C. Young, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1977, 99, 1980-1982;
24. e) C. Creutz, N. Sutin, Inorg. Chem. 1976, 15, 496-499;
25. f) A. Juris, M. T. Gandolfi, M. F. Manfrin, V. Balzani, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1976, 98, 1047-1048;
26. g) M. Kirch, J.-M. Lehn, J. P. Sauvage, Helvetica Chimica Acta 1979, 52, 1345-1383;
27. h) S. Glazier, J. A. Barron, N. Morales, A. M. Ruschak, R L. Houston, H. D. Abruña, Macromolecules 2003, 36, 1272-1278.