The global CD/phosphate relationship in deep ocean waters and the need for accuracy

Marine Chemistry

Volumn 59, Issue 1-2, 1997, Pages 87-93

  Löscher, Bettina M ^a   Van der Meer, Jaap ^a   De Baar, Hein J W ^a   Saager, Paul M ^a   De Jong, Jeroen T M ^a  

^a ROYAL NETHERLANDS INSTITUTE FOR SEA RESEARCH   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Cadmium; Review; Statistics; Theoretical; Trace metals

Indexed keywords

CADMIUM; DEEP OCEAN; GEOCHEMICAL CYCLING; PALAEOCEANOGRAPHY; PHOSPHATE;

EID: 0345647099     PISSN: 03044203     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0304-4203(97)00067-4     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Aminot, A., Kérouel, R., 1996. Stability and preservation of primary calibration solutions of nutrients. Mar. Chem. 52, 173-181.
2. Boyle, E.A., 1988. Cadmium: Chemical tracer of deepwater paleoceanography. Paleocenography 3, 471-489.
3. Boyle, E.A., Sclater, F., Edmond, J.M., 1976. On the marine geochemistry of cadmium. Nature (London) 263, 42-44.
4. Boyle, E.A., Reid, D.F., Huested, S.S., Hering, J., 1984. Trace metals and radium in the Gulf of Mexico: An evaluation of river and continental shelf sources. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 69, 69-87.
5. Boyle, E.A., Chapnick, S.D., Bai, X.X., Spivack, A., 1985. Trace metal enrichments in the Mediterranean Sea. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 74, 405-419.
6. Bruland, K.W., 1980. Oceanographic distributions of cadmium, zinc, nickel, and copper in the North Pacific. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 47, 176-198.
7. Bruland, K.W., Franks, R.P., 1983. Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn and Cd in the western North Atlantic. In: Wong, C.S. et al. (Eds.), Trace Metals in Seawater. Plenum, New York, pp. 394-414.
8. Bruland, K.W., Knauer, G.A., Martin, J.H., 1978. Cadmium in northeast Pacific waters. Limnol. Oceanogr. 23, 618-625.
9. Danielsson, L.-G., Westerlund, S., 1983. Trace metals in the Arctic Ocean. In: Wong, C.S. et al. (Eds.), Trace Metals in Seawater. Plenum, New York, pp. 85-96.
10. Danielson, L.-G., Magnusson, B., Westerlund, S., 1985. Cadmium, copper, iron, nickel and zinc in the North - East Atlantic Ocean. Mar. Chem. 17, 23-41.
11. De Baar, H.J.W., Saager, P.M., Nolting, R.F., Van der Meer, J., 1994. Cadmium versus phosphate in the world ocean. Mar. Chem. 46, 261-281.
12. De Jong, J.T.M., De Baar, H.J.W., Nolting, R.F., 1994. The IOC Baseline (1993) Intercomparison: Distributions of Fe and Cd in the North Atlantic Ocean. EOS (abstr.) 75, 343.
13. Frew, R.D., 1995. Antarctic bottom water formation and the global cadmium to phosphorus relationship. Geophys. Res. Lett. 22, 2349-2352.
14. Frew, R.D., Hunter, K.A., 1992. Influence of Southern Ocean waters on the cadmium-phosphate properties of the global ocean. Nature (London) 360, 144-146.
15. Frew, R.D., Hunter, K.A., 1995. Cadmium-phosphorus cycling at the subtropical convergence south of New Zealand. Mar. Chem. 51, 223-237.
16. Hester, K., Boyle, E.A., 1982. Water chemistry control of the Cd content of benthic foraminifera. Nature (London) 298, 260-261.
17. Hunter, K.A., Ho, F.W.T., 1991. Phosphorus - cadmium cycling in the Northeast Tasman Sea, 35-40°S. Mar. Chem. 33, 279-298.
18. Kamykowski, D., Zentara, S.-J., 1989. Circumpolar plant nutrient covariation in the Southern Ocean: patterns and processes. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 58, 101-111.
19. Knauer, G.A., Martin, J.H., 1981. Phosphorus - cadmium cycling in Northeast Pacific waters. J. Mar. Res. 39, 65-76.
20. Löscher, B.M., De Jong, J.T.M., De Baar, H.J.W., submitted. Cadmium distribution at the 6°W meridian in the Southern Ocean. Mar. Chem.
21. Martin, J.H., Bruland, K.W., Broenkow, W.W., 1976. Cadmium transport in the California Current. In: Windom, H., Duce, R. (Eds.), Marine Pollutant Transfer. Heath, Lexington, MA, pp. 159-184.
22. Martin, J.H., Knauer, G.A., Broenkow, W.W., 1985. VERTEX: The lateral transport of manganese in the northeast Pacific. Deep-Sea Res. 32, 1405-1427.
23. Martin, J.H., Gordon, R.M., Fitzwater, S.E., Broenkow, W.W., 1989. VERTEX: Phytoplankton/iron studies in the Gulf of Alaska. Deep-Sea Res. 35, 649-680.
24. Martin, J.H., Gordon, R.M., Fitzwater, S.E., 1990. Iron in Antarctic waters. Nature (London) 345, 156-158.
25. Martin, J.H., Fitzwater, S.E., Gordon, R.M., Hunter, G.N., Tanner, S.J., 1993. Iron, primary production and carbon-nitrogen flux studies during the JGOFS North Atlantic Bloom Experiment. Deep-Sea Res. II 40, 115-134.
26. Measures, C.I., Yeats, P.A., Schmidt, D., 1995. The hydrographic setting of the IOC baseline cruise to the eastern Atlantic 30°S to 35°N. Mar. Chem. 49, 243-252.
27. Muller, F.L.L., Burton, J.D., Statham, P.J., 1991. Long-term changes in the adsorptive properties of FEP separating funnels used in a mixed dithiocarbamate-Freon-TF extraction system. Anal. Chim. Acta 245, 21-25.
28. Nolting, R.F., de Baar, H.J.W., van Bennekom, A.J., Masson, A., 1991. Cadmium, copper and iron in the Scotia Sea, Weddell Sea and Weddell/Scotia Confluence (Antarctica). Mar. Chem. 37, 219-243.
29. Pai, S.-C., Chen, H.-Y., 1994. Vertical distributions of cadmium in marginal seas of the western Pacific Ocean. Mar. Chem. 47, 81-91.
30. 3, Si, alkalinity) in seawater. 'On relationships between dissolved trace metals and nutrients in seawater --implications for the use of cadmium as a paleocenographic tracer'. Thesis, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, ISBN 90-9006966-6, NUGI 816.
31. Saager, P.M., de Baar, H.J.W., Howland, R.J., 1992. Cd, Zn, Ni and Cu in the Indian Ocean. Deep-Sea Res. 39, 9-35.
32. Sakamoto-Arnold, C.M., Hanson, A.K. Jr., Huizenga, D.L., Kester, D.R., 1987. Spatial and temporal variability of Cd in Gulf Stream warm-core rings and associated waters. J. Mar. Res. 45, 201-230.
33. Westerlund, S., Öhman, P., 1991. Cadmium, copper, cobalt, nickel, lead, and zinc in the water column of the Weddell Sea, Antarctica. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 55, 2127-2146.
34. Yeats, P.A., 1988. The distribution of trace metals in ocean waters. Sci. Total Environ. 72, 131-149.
35. Yeats, P.A., Westerlund, S., Flegal, A.R., 1995. Cadmium, copper and nickel distributions at four stations in the eastern central and south Atlantic. Mar. Chem. 49, 283-293.