Nucleation, Growth, and Composition of Crystals Obtained from Solutions of Na2CO3 and Na2SO4

Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research

Volumn 42, Issue 25, 2003, Pages 6343-6347

  Shi, Bing ^a,b   Frederick Jr , W James ^a,c   Rousseau, Ronald W ^a  

^a Georgia Institute of Technology   (United States)

^b PFIZER GLOBAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT   (United States)

^c CHALMERS UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Sweden)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CRYSTAL GROWTH; CRYSTALLIZATION; CRYSTALS; EVAPORATION; FOULING; HEAT TRANSFER; NUCLEATION; THERMAL EFFECTS;

CRYSTAL COMPOSITION;

SODIUM COMPOUNDS;

BICARBONATE; SODIUM CARBONATE; SODIUM SULFATE;

CRYSTALLIZATION;

ARTICLE; CHEMICAL COMPOSITION; CRYSTALLIZATION; EVAPORATION; HEAT TRANSFER; SURFACE PROPERTY; TEMPERATURE;

EID: 0345600017     PISSN: 08885885     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/ie030054s     Document Type: Article

References (9)

1. Grace, T. M. Evaporator Scaling. South. Pulp Pap. Manuf. 1977, 42 (8), 16.
2. Frederick, W. J.; Grace, T. M. Scaling in Alkaline Spent Pulping Liquor Evaporators. International Conference on the Fouling of Heat Transfer Equipment; ASME Press: New York, 1979.
3. Novak, L. Sodium Salt Scaling in Connection with Evaporation of Black Liquors and Pure Model Solutions. Ph.D. Thesis, Chalmers Tekniska Högskola, Göteborg, 1979.
4. Green, S.; Frattali, F. The System Sodium Carbonate-Sodium Sulfate-Sodium Hydroxide-Water at 100 °C. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1946, 68, 1789.
5. Shi, B.; Rousseau, R. W. Structure of Burkeite and A New Crystalline Species Obtained from Solutions of Sodium Carbonate and Sodium Sulfate. J. Phys. Chem., in press.
6. Shi, B. Crystallization of Solutes that Lead to Scale Formation in Black Liquor Evaporation. Ph.D. Dissertation, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2002.
7. Law, D. J.; Bale, A. J.; Jones, S. E. Adaptation of Focused Beam Reflectance Measurement to in-situ Particle Sizing in Estuaries and Coastal Waters. Marine Geol. 1997, 140, 47.
8. Ruf, A.; Worlitschek, J.; Mazzotti, M. Modeling and experimental analysis of PSD measurements through FBRM. Part. Part. Syst. Charact. 2000, 17, 167.
9. Shi, B.; Frederick, W. J.; Rousseau, R. W. Effects of Calcium and other Ionic Impurities on the Primary Nucleation of Burkeite, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2003, 42, 2861.