Diagnosis of blunt cerebrovascular injuries

Current Opinion in Critical Care

Volumn 9, Issue 6, 2003, Pages 530-534

  Biffl, Walter L ^a,b  

^a RHODE ISLAND HOSPITAL   (United States)

^b APC 443 ^*  (United States)

Author keywords

Blunt cerebrovascular injuries; Computed tomographic angiography; Duplex ultrasonography; Magnetic resonance angiography

Indexed keywords

BRAIN ANGIOGRAPHY; BRAIN INJURY; CAROTID ARTERY INJURY; CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE; COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY; DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING; DIAGNOSTIC TEST; DIAGNOSTIC VALUE; ECHOGRAPHY; HUMAN; INTERMETHOD COMPARISON; MAGNETIC RESONANCE ANGIOGRAPHY; REVIEW; SCREENING TEST; VERTEBRAL ARTERY;

ANGIOGRAPHY; CEREBROVASCULAR TRAUMA; CLINICAL PROTOCOLS; CRITICAL CARE; HUMANS; MASS SCREENING; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; ULTRASONOGRAPHY, DOPPLER, DUPLEX; WOUNDS, NONPENETRATING;

EID: 0345548438     PISSN: 10705295     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00075198-200312000-00011     Document Type: Review

References (36)

1. Biffl WL, Ray CE Jr, Moore EE, et al.: Treatment-related outcomes from blunt cerebrovascular injuries: the importance of routine follow-up arteriography. Ann Surg 2002, 235:699-707. The largest series of BCVI in the literature. Provides management recommendations on all aspects of these injuries.
2. Miller PR, Fabian TC, Croce MA, et al.: Prospective screening for blunt cerebrovascular injuries: analysis of diagnostic modalities and outcomes. Ann Surg 2002, 236:386-395. A large analysis of management of BCVI. The largest prospective study comparing CTA and MRA with arteriography.
3. Kerwin AJ, Bynoe RP, Murray J, et al.: Liberalized screening for blunt carotid and vertebral artery injuries is justified. J Trauma 2001, 51:308-314. Additional support for screening for BCVI.
4. Bell RL, Atweh N, Ivy ME, et al.: Traumatic and iatrogenic Horner syndrome: case reports and review of the literature. J Trauma 2001, 51:400-404. A pathophysiologic discussion of traumatic Horner syndrome.
5. Sturzenegger M: Headache and neck pain: the warning symptoms of vertebral artery dissection. Headache 1994, 34:187-193.
6. Prall JA, Brega KE, Coldwell DM, et al.: Incidence of unsuspected blunt carotid artery injury. Neurosurgery 1998, 42:495-499.
7. Fabian TC, Patton JH Jr, Croce MA, et al.: Blunt carotid injury: importance of early diagnosis and anticoagulant therapy. Ann Surg 1996, 223:513-525. The seminal work on the subject of BCVI.
8. Biffl WL, Moore EE, Ryu RK, et al.: The unrecognized epidemic of blunt carotid arterial injuries: early diagnosis improves neurologic outcome. Ann Surg 1998, 228:462-470. The first paper documenting the impact of a liberal screening protocol.
9. Carrillo EH, Osborne DL, Spain DA, et al.: Blunt carotid artery injuries: difficulties with the diagnosis prior to neurologic event. J Trauma 1999, 46:1120-1125.
10. Louw JA, Mafoyane NA, Small B, et al.: Occlusion of the vertebral artery in cervical spine dislocations. J Bone Joint Surg 1990, 72:679-681.
11. Willis BK, Greiner F, Orrison WW, et al.: The incidence of vertebral artery injury after midcervical spine fracture or subluxation. Neurosurgery 1994, 34:435-442.
12. Friedman D, Flanders A, Thomas C, et al.: Vertebral artery injury after acute cervical spine trauma: rate of occurrence as detected by MR angiography and assessment of clinical consequences. AJR 1995, 164:443-447.
13. Giacobetti FB, Vaccaro AR, Bos-Giacobetti MA, et al.: Vertebral artery occlusion associated with cervical spine trauma: a prospective analysis. Spine 1997, 22:188-192.
14. Rogers FB, Baker EF, Osier TM, et al.: Computed tomographic angiography as a screening modality for blunt cervical arterial injuries: preliminary results. J Trauma 1999, 46:380-385.
15. Weller SJ, Rossitch E Jr, Malek AM: Detection of vertebral artery injury after cervical spine trauma using magnetic resonance angiography. J Trauma 1999, 46:660-666.
16. Parbhoo AH, Govender S, Corr P: Vertebral artery injury in cervical spine trauma. Injury 2001, 32:565-568. Prospective study points to significance of rotational component of cervical spine injury.
17. Rozycki GS, Tremblay L, Feliciano DV, et al.: A prospective study for the detection of vascular injury in adult and pediatric patients with cervicothoracic seat belt signs. J Trauma 2002, 52:618-624. Suggests safety of algorithms based on seat-belt sign and neurovascular examination.
18. Parikh AA, Luchette FA, Valente JF, et al.: Blunt carotid artery injuries. J Am Coll Surg 1997, 185:80-86.
19. Berne JD, Norwood SH, McAuley CE, et al.: The high morbidity of blunt cerebrovascular injury in an unscreened population: more evidence of the need for mandatory screening protocols. J Am Coll Surg 2001, 192:314-321. More evidence of the high incidence of injuries that will be diagnosed with a screening protocol. A good discussion of the literature.
20. McKevitt EC, Kirkpatrick AW, Vertesi L, et al.: Identifying patients at risk for intracranial and extracranial blunt carotid injuries. Am J Surg 2002, 183:566-570.
21. Biffl WL, Moore EE, Offner PJ, et al.: Optimizing screening for blunt cerebrovascular injuries. Am J Surg 1999, 178:517-522.
22. Davis JW, Holbrook TL, Hoyt DB, et al.: Blunt carotid artery dissection: incidence, associated injuries, screening, and treatment. J Trauma 1990, 30:1514-1517.
23. Martin RF, Eldrup-Jorgensen J, Clark DE, et al.: Blunt trauma to the carotid arteries. J Vasc Surg 1991, 14:789-795.
24. Fry WR, Dort JA, Smith RS, et al.: Duplex scanning replaces arteriography and operative exploration in the diagnosis of potential cervical vascular injury. Am J Surg 1994, 168:693-696.
25. Cogbill TH, Moore EE, Meissner M, et al.: The spectrum of blunt injury to the carotid artery, a multicenter perspective. J Trauma 1994, 37:473-479.
26. Landwehr P, Schulte O, Voshage G: Ultrasound examination of carotid and vertebral arteries. Eur Radiol 2001, 11:1521-1534.
27. Sturzenegger M, Mattle HP, Rivoir A, et al.: Ultrasound findings in spontaneous extracranial vertebral artery dissection. Stroke 1993, 24:1910-1921.
28. LeBlang SD, Nunez DB Jr, Rivas LA, et al.: Helical computed tomography angiography in penetrating neck trauma. Emerg Radiol 1997, 4:200-206.
29. Munera F, Soto JA, Palacio D, et al.: Diagnosis of arterial injuries caused by penetrating trauma to the neck: comparison of helical CT angiography and conventional angiography. Radiology 2000, 216:356-362.
30. Link J, Brossmann J, Grabener M, et al.: Spiral CT angiography and selective digital subtraction angiography of internal carotid artery stenosis. Am J Neuroradiol 1996, 17:89-94.
31. Biffl WL, Ray CE Jr, Moore EE, et al.: Noninvasive diagnosis of blunt cerebrovascular injuries: a preliminary report. J Trauma 2002, 53:850-856. One of two prospective comparisons of CTA and MRA with arteriography in trauma. It reports disappointing accuracy of the noninvasive modalities.
32. Bok APL, Peter JC: Carotid and vertebral artery occlusion after blunt cervical injury: the role of MR angiography in early diagnosis. J Trauma 1996, 40:968-972.
33. Hughes KM, Collier B, Greene KA, et al.: Traumatic carotid artery dissection: a significant incidental finding. Am Surg 2000, 66:1023-1027.
34. Punjabi AP, Simon J, Plaiser B: Blunt carotid injury is a difficult diagnosis to make. J Trauma 1996, 41:1077-1078.
35. Levy C, Laissy JP, Raveau V, et al.: Carotid and vertebral artery dissections: three-dimensional time-of-flight MR angiography and MR imaging versus conventional angiography. Radiology 1994, 190:97-103.
36. Laitt RD, Lewis TT, Bradshaw JR: Blunt carotid arterial trauma. Clin Radiol 1996, 51:117-122.