Amperometric determination of xanthine and hypoxanthine at carbon electrodes. Effect of surface activity and the instrumental parameters on the sensitivity and the limit of detection

Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis

Volumn 19, Issue 1-2, 1999, Pages 217-230

  Cavalheiro, Éder T G ^a,b   Brajter Toth, Anna ^a  

^a University of Florida ^*  (United States)

^b FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF SÃO CARLOS   (Brazil)

Author keywords

Amperometric determination; Carbon fiber ultramicroelectrodes; Graphite surface activation; Hypoxanthine; Xanthine

Indexed keywords

CARBON FIBER; GRAPHITE; HYPOXANTHINE; XANTHINE;

AMPEROMETRY; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; CYCLIC POTENTIOMETRY; DRUG DETERMINATION; ELECTROCHEMISTRY; ELECTRODE; METHODOLOGY; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PURINE METABOLISM;

CARBON; ELECTROCHEMISTRY; GRAPHITE; HYDROGEN-ION CONCENTRATION; HYPOXANTHINE; INDICATORS AND REAGENTS; MICROELECTRODES; OXIDATION-REDUCTION; SURFACE PROPERTIES; XANTHINES;

EID: 0345472026     PISSN: 07317085     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0731-7085(98)00128-9     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. Caraway W.T. Stand. Methods Clin. Chem. 4:1963;239-247.
2. Harkness R.A. J. Chromatogr. Biomed. Appl. 429:1988;255-278.
3. Crushing D., Mustafa S. Adenosine and Adenosine Nucleotides as Regulators of Cellular Functions. 1991;CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
4. Glodowski S., Bilewicz R., Kublik Z. Anal. Chim. Acta. 186:1986;39-47.
5. Househam B.C., Van den Berg C.M.G., Riley J.P. Anal. Chim. Acta. 200:1987;291-303.
6. Shubietah R.M., Abu-Zuhri A.Z., Fogg A.G. Electroanalysis. 7:1995;975-979.
7. Ibrahim M.S., Ahmed M.E., Temerk Y.M., Kawde A.M. Anal. Chim. Acta. 328:1996;47-52.
8. Ibrahim M.S., Ahmed M.E., Kawde A.M., Temerk Y.M. Analusis. 24:1996;6-9.
9. Palacek E. Anal. Biochem. 108:1980;129-138.
10. Goyal R.N., Mittal A., Sharma S. Electroanalysis. 6:1994;609-611.
11. Owens J.L., Dryhurst G. Anal. Chim. Acta. 89:1977;93-99.
12. Ianniello R.M., Lindsay T.J., Yacynych A.M. Anal. Chem. 54:1982;1980-1984.
13. McKenna K., Brajter-Toth A. Anal. Chem. 59:1987;954-958.
14. Arai G., Takahashi S., Iasumori I. J. Electroanal. Chem. 410:1996;173-179.
15. Xue H.G., Mu S.L. J. Electroanal. Chem. 397:1995;241-247.
16. Yao T. Anal. Chim. Acta. 281:1993;323-326.
17. Hsueh C.C., Bravo R., Jaramillo A., Brajter-Toth A. Anal. Chim. Acta. 349:1997;67-76.
18. Marino A., Brajter-Toth A. Anal. Chem. 65:1993;370-374.
19. Stackelberg M., Pilgram M., Toome V. Z. Elektrochem. 57:1953;342-350.
20. Hsueh C.C., Brajter-Toth A. Anal. Chim. Acta. 321:1996;209-214.
21. C.C. Hsueh, R. Bravo, A. Jaramillo, A. Brajter-Toth, Analyst (in press).
22. Hansen B.H., Dryhurst G. J. Electroanal. Chem. 30:1971;417-426.
23. A. Albert, D.J. Brown, J. Chem. Soc., (1954) 2060-2073.
24. Conway A.C., Goyal R.N., Dryhurst G. J. Electroanal. Chem. 123:1981;243-264.
25. Bard A.J., Faulkner L.R. Electrochemical Methods. 1980;Wiley, New York.
26. Marino A., Brajter-Toth A. Chem. Anal. (Warsaw). 40:1995;565-578.
27. Bodalbhai L., Brajter-Toth A. Anal. Chim. Acta. 231:1990;191-201.
28. (a) C. Amatore, J.M. Saveant, D. Tessier, J. Electroal. Chem. 147 (1983) 39-51.
29. (b) M.S. Freund, A. Brajter-Toth, J. Electroanal. Chem. 300 (1991) 347-363.
30. R. Bravo, University of Florida, unpublished results.
31. Osteryoung J.G. Acc. Chem. Res. 26:1993;77-83.
32. Osteryoung J.G., Osteryoung R.A. Anal. Chem. 57:1985;101A-110.
33. Regino M., Brajter-Toth A. Anal. Chim. Acta. 369:1998;253-262.
34. Nuwer M.J., O'Dea J.J., Osteryoung J.G. Anal. Chim. Acta. 251:1991;13-25.
35. Saito Y. Rev. Polarogr. Jpn. 15:1968;177-187.
36. Heinze J. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Eng. 32:1993;1268-1288.
37. Cheng Q., Brajter-Toth A. Anal. Chem. 68:1996;4180-4185.
38. Good N.E., Izawa S. San Pietro A. Methods in Enzymology 24 (Part B). 1972;53-68 Academic Press, New York.