메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 17, Issue 6, 2003, Pages 641-648

Effects of ethanol intoxication on LH receptors and glucose oxidation in Leydig cells of adult albino rats

Author keywords

17 KSR; 3 HSD; Ethanol; Glucose oxidation; Leydig cell; LH receptors; Steroidogenesis

Indexed keywords

17 HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE; 3(OR 17)BETA HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE; ALCOHOL; ENZYME; ESTRADIOL; GLUCOSE; LUTEINIZING HORMONE RECEPTOR; OXIDIZING AGENT; TESTOSTERONE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

EID: 0345307593     PISSN: 08906238     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0890-6238(03)00093-5     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (6)

References (56)
  • 2
    • 0001920343 scopus 로고
    • Enzymology of alcohol degradation
    • Agarwal DP, Goedde HW, editors. New York: Pergamon Press
    • Agarwal DP, Goedde HW. Enzymology of alcohol degradation. In: Agarwal DP, Goedde HW, editors. Alcoholism: biomedical and genetic aspects. New York: Pergamon Press; 1989. p. 3-20.
    • (1989) Alcoholism: Biomedical and Genetic Aspects , pp. 3-20
    • Agarwal, D.P.1    Goedde, H.W.2
  • 4
    • 0018397576 scopus 로고
    • Effects of ethanol on the hypothalamic-pituitary-luteinizing hormone axis and testicular steroidogenesis
    • Cicero TJ, Meyer ER, Bell RD. Effects of ethanol on the hypothalamic-pituitary-luteinizing hormone axis and testicular steroidogenesis. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1979;208:210-5.
    • (1979) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.208 , pp. 210-215
    • Cicero, T.J.1    Meyer, E.R.2    Bell, R.D.3
  • 5
    • 0025915168 scopus 로고
    • Alcohol-induced changes in the seminal vesicular NADPH-generating enzymes and phosphatases of adult albino rats
    • Balasubramanian K, Bhagyalakshmi R, Srikanth V, Govindarajulu P. Alcohol-induced changes in the seminal vesicular NADPH-generating enzymes and phosphatases of adult albino rats. Med Sci Res 1991;19:417-8.
    • (1991) Med Sci Res , vol.19 , pp. 417-418
    • Balasubramanian, K.1    Bhagyalakshmi, R.2    Srikanth, V.3    Govindarajulu, P.4
  • 7
    • 0028863037 scopus 로고
    • Effects of ethanol treatment on Leydig cellular NADPH-generating enzymes and lipid profiles
    • Srikanth V, Balasubramanian K, Govindarajulu P. Effects of ethanol treatment on Leydig cellular NADPH-generating enzymes and lipid profiles. Endocr J 1995;42:705-12.
    • (1995) Endocr J , vol.42 , pp. 705-712
    • Srikanth, V.1    Balasubramanian, K.2    Govindarajulu, P.3
  • 8
    • 0029948231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The combined effect of alcohol and physical exercise on serum testosterone, luteinizing hormone and cortisol in males
    • Heikkonen E, Ylikhari R, Roine R, Valimaki M, Harkonen M, Salaspuro M. The combined effect of alcohol and physical exercise on serum testosterone, luteinizing hormone and cortisol in males. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 1996;20:711-6.
    • (1996) Alcohol Clin Exp Res , vol.20 , pp. 711-716
    • Heikkonen, E.1    Ylikhari, R.2    Roine, R.3    Valimaki, M.4    Harkonen, M.5    Salaspuro, M.6
  • 9
    • 0001155103 scopus 로고
    • The hormonal regulation of the Leydig cell
    • Fins CA, editor. London: Oxford University Press
    • Sharpe RM. The hormonal regulation of the Leydig cell. In: Fins CA, editor. Oxford reviews of reproductive biology. London: Oxford University Press; 1982. p. 241-57.
    • (1982) Oxford Reviews of Reproductive Biology , pp. 241-257
    • Sharpe, R.M.1
  • 11
    • 0020957810 scopus 로고
    • Alcohol-induced luteinizing hormone receptor deficiency at the testicular level
    • Bhalla VK, Rajan VP, Newman ME. Alcohol-induced luteinizing hormone receptor deficiency at the testicular level. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 1983;7:153-62.
    • (1983) Alcohol Clin Exp Res , vol.7 , pp. 153-162
    • Bhalla, V.K.1    Rajan, V.P.2    Newman, M.E.3
  • 12
    • 0023691666 scopus 로고
    • Specific and weight loss-associated effects of one week exposure to ethanol on pituitary-gonadal function of male rats
    • Salonen I, Huhtaniemi I. Specific and weight loss-associated effects of one week exposure to ethanol on pituitary-gonadal function of male rats. Acta Endocrinol 1988;119:99-105.
    • (1988) Acta Endocrinol , vol.119 , pp. 99-105
    • Salonen, I.1    Huhtaniemi, I.2
  • 13
    • 0025216547 scopus 로고
    • Effect of chronic ethanol diet on pituitary-testicular function of the rat
    • Salonen I, Huhtaniemi I. Effect of chronic ethanol diet on pituitary-testicular function of the rat. Biol Reprod 1990;42:55-62.
    • (1990) Biol Reprod , vol.42 , pp. 55-62
    • Salonen, I.1    Huhtaniemi, I.2
  • 14
    • 0020898972 scopus 로고
    • Ethanol directly inhibits δ-5-3-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-isomerase activity in rat testes interstitial cells
    • Murono EP. Ethanol directly inhibits δ-5-3-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-isomerase activity in rat testes interstitial cells. Steroids 1983;42:457-66.
    • (1983) Steroids , vol.42 , pp. 457-466
    • Murono, E.P.1
  • 15
    • 0021359412 scopus 로고
    • Acute exposure of rabbit jejunum to ethanol. In vitro uptake of hexoses
    • Thomson AB. Acute exposure of rabbit jejunum to ethanol. In vitro uptake of hexoses. Dig Dis Sci 1984;29:267-74.
    • (1984) Dig Dis Sci , vol.29 , pp. 267-274
    • Thomson, A.B.1
  • 16
    • 0026002499 scopus 로고
    • In vitro effect of ethanol on sodium and glucose transport in rabbit renal brush border membrane vesicles
    • Parenti P, Giordana B, Hamozet GM. In vitro effect of ethanol on sodium and glucose transport in rabbit renal brush border membrane vesicles. Biochim Biophys Acta 1991;1070:192-8.
    • (1991) Biochim Biophys Acta , vol.1070 , pp. 192-198
    • Parenti, P.1    Giordana, B.2    Hamozet, G.M.3
  • 17
    • 0008643866 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of alcohol on membrane lipids
    • Begleiter H, Kissin B, editors. New York: Oxford University Press
    • Goldstein DB. Effects of alcohol on membrane lipids. In: Begleiter H, Kissin B, editors. The pharmacology of alcohol and alcohol dependence. New York: Oxford University Press; 1996. p. 309-34.
    • (1996) The Pharmacology of Alcohol and Alcohol Dependence , pp. 309-334
    • Goldstein, D.B.1
  • 18
    • 0029794076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic ethanol feeding in a high-fat diet decreases insulin-stimulated glucose transport in rat adipocytes
    • Wilkes JJ, De Forrest LL, Nagy LE. Chronic ethanol feeding in a high-fat diet decreases insulin-stimulated glucose transport in rat adipocytes. Am J Physiol 1996;271:477-84.
    • (1996) Am J Physiol , vol.271 , pp. 477-484
    • Wilkes, J.J.1    De Forrest, L.L.2    Nagy, L.E.3
  • 19
    • 0030989604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Essential role adenosine triphosphate in activation of 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in rat Leydig cell
    • Khanum A, Buczo E, Dufau ML. Essential role adenosine triphosphate in activation of 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in rat Leydig cell. Endocrinology 1997;138:1612-20.
    • (1997) Endocrinology , vol.138 , pp. 1612-1620
    • Khanum, A.1    Buczo, E.2    Dufau, M.L.3
  • 20
    • 0023922302 scopus 로고
    • Characterization of insulin binding and comparative action of insulin and insulin-like growth factor-I on purified Leydig cells from the adult rat
    • Rigaudiere N, Loubassou S, Grizard G, Boucher D. Characterization of insulin binding and comparative action of insulin and insulin-like growth factor-I on purified Leydig cells from the adult rat. Int J Androl 1988;11:165-78.
    • (1988) Int J Androl , vol.11 , pp. 165-178
    • Rigaudiere, N.1    Loubassou, S.2    Grizard, G.3    Boucher, D.4
  • 21
    • 0020628427 scopus 로고
    • The effect of cell damage on the density and steroidogenic capacity of rat testis Leydig cells, using an NADH exclusion test for determination of viability
    • Aldred LF, Cooke BA. The effect of cell damage on the density and steroidogenic capacity of rat testis Leydig cells, using an NADH exclusion test for determination of viability. J Steroid Biochem 1983;18:411-4.
    • (1983) J Steroid Biochem , vol.18 , pp. 411-414
    • Aldred, L.F.1    Cooke, B.A.2
  • 23
    • 0022652991 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for the rapid internalization and recycling of lutropin receptors in rat testis Leydig cells
    • Habberfield AD, Dix CJ, Cooke BA. Evidence for the rapid internalization and recycling of lutropin receptors in rat testis Leydig cells. Biochem J 1986;233:369-76.
    • (1986) Biochem J , vol.233 , pp. 369-376
    • Habberfield, A.D.1    Dix, C.J.2    Cooke, B.A.3
  • 24
    • 0010260997 scopus 로고
    • Steroid dehydrogenases
    • Bergmeyer MU, editor. New York: Academic Press
    • Bergmeyer MU. Steroid dehydrogenases. In: Bergmeyer MU, editor. Methods of enzymatic analysis. New York: Academic Press; 1974. p. 476-77.
    • (1974) Methods of Enzymatic Analysis , pp. 476-477
    • Bergmeyer, M.U.1
  • 26
    • 0015509437 scopus 로고
    • Epididymal carbohydrate metabolism II. Substrates and pathway utilization of caput and cauda epididymal tissues from the rabbit rat and mouse
    • Kraft LA, Johnson AD. Epididymal carbohydrate metabolism II. Substrates and pathway utilization of caput and cauda epididymal tissues from the rabbit rat and mouse. Comp Biochem Physiol 1972;42:451-61.
    • (1972) Comp Biochem Physiol , vol.42 , pp. 451-461
    • Kraft, L.A.1    Johnson, A.D.2
  • 27
    • 0020819758 scopus 로고
    • Effects of ethanol on the male hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis
    • Boyden TW, Pamenter RW. Effects of ethanol on the male hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. Endocr Rev 1983;4:389-95.
    • (1983) Endocr Rev , vol.4 , pp. 389-395
    • Boyden, T.W.1    Pamenter, R.W.2
  • 28
    • 0034698390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of acute alcohol intoxication on pituitary-gonadal axis hormones, pituitary-adrenal hormones, beta-endorphin and prolactin in human adolescents of both sexes
    • Frias J, Rodriguez R, Tores JM, Ruize E, Ortega E. Effects of acute alcohol intoxication on pituitary-gonadal axis hormones, pituitary-adrenal hormones, beta-endorphin and prolactin in human adolescents of both sexes. Life Sci 2000;67:1081-6.
    • (2000) Life Sci , vol.67 , pp. 1081-1086
    • Frias, J.1    Rodriguez, R.2    Tores, J.M.3    Ruize, E.4    Ortega, E.5
  • 29
    • 0033509479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact and reversibility of chronic ethanol feeding on the reproductive axis in the peripubertal male rat
    • Emanuele NV, La Pagila N, Vogl W, Steiner J, Kirsteins L, Emanuele MA. Impact and reversibility of chronic ethanol feeding on the reproductive axis in the peripubertal male rat. Endocrine 1999;11:277-84.
    • (1999) Endocrine , vol.11 , pp. 277-284
    • Emanuele, N.V.1    La Pagila, N.2    Vogl, W.3    Steiner, J.4    Kirsteins, L.5    Emanuele, M.A.6
  • 30
    • 0020446946 scopus 로고
    • Chronic ethanol feeding impairs hCG stimulated testosterone response of dogs
    • Boyden TW, Silvert MA, Pamenter RW. Chronic ethanol feeding impairs hCG stimulated testosterone response of dogs. Biol Reprod 1982;27:652-7.
    • (1982) Biol Reprod , vol.27 , pp. 652-657
    • Boyden, T.W.1    Silvert, M.A.2    Pamenter, R.W.3
  • 31
    • 0018851975 scopus 로고
    • Ethanol and acetaldehyde directly inhibit testicular steroidogenesis
    • Cicero TJ, Bell RD, Meyer ER, Badger TM. Ethanol and acetaldehyde directly inhibit testicular steroidogenesis. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1980;213:228-33.
    • (1980) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.213 , pp. 228-233
    • Cicero, T.J.1    Bell, R.D.2    Meyer, E.R.3    Badger, T.M.4
  • 32
    • 0018881664 scopus 로고
    • Acetaldehyde directly inhibits the conversion of androstenedione to testosterone in the testes
    • Cicero TJ, Bell RD, Badger TM. Acetaldehyde directly inhibits the conversion of androstenedione to testosterone in the testes. Adv Exp Med Biol 1980;132:211-7.
    • (1980) Adv Exp Med Biol , vol.132 , pp. 211-217
    • Cicero, T.J.1    Bell, R.D.2    Badger, T.M.3
  • 33
    • 0000549492 scopus 로고
    • Testicular steroid synthesis: Organization and regulation
    • Knobil E, Neill JD, editors. New York: Raven Press
    • Hall PH. Testicular steroid synthesis: organization and regulation. In: Knobil E, Neill JD, editors. The physiology of reproduction. New York: Raven Press; 1994. p. 1335-62.
    • (1994) The Physiology of Reproduction , pp. 1335-1362
    • Hall, P.H.1
  • 34
    • 0023858837 scopus 로고
    • Endocrine regulation and communicating functions of the Leydig cell
    • Dufau ML. Endocrine regulation and communicating functions of the Leydig cell. Annu Rev Physiol 1988;50:483-508.
    • (1988) Annu Rev Physiol , vol.50 , pp. 483-508
    • Dufau, M.L.1
  • 35
    • 0019521110 scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of testicular microsomal cytochrome P450 (17alpha hydroxylase/C-17, 20 lyase) by estrogens
    • Onoda M, Hall PF. Inhibition of testicular microsomal cytochrome P450 (17alpha hydroxylase/C-17, 20 lyase) by estrogens. Endocrinology 1981;109:765-7.
    • (1981) Endocrinology , vol.109 , pp. 765-767
    • Onoda, M.1    Hall, P.F.2
  • 36
    • 0018397096 scopus 로고
    • The effect of alcohol ingestion on hepatic aromatase activity and plasma steroid hormones in the rat
    • Gordon GG, Southern AL, Vittek J, Lieber CS. The effect of alcohol ingestion on hepatic aromatase activity and plasma steroid hormones in the rat. Metabolism 1979;28:20-4.
    • (1979) Metabolism , vol.28 , pp. 20-24
    • Gordon, G.G.1    Southern, A.L.2    Vittek, J.3    Lieber, C.S.4
  • 37
    • 0019816735 scopus 로고
    • Ethanol reduces hepatic hydroxylase activity in male rats
    • Hoffman A, Majchrowicz E, Roth M, Paul S. Ethanol reduces hepatic hydroxylase activity in male rats. Life Sci 1981;29:789-94.
    • (1981) Life Sci , vol.29 , pp. 789-794
    • Hoffman, A.1    Majchrowicz, E.2    Roth, M.3    Paul, S.4
  • 39
    • 0026994447 scopus 로고
    • Effects of alcohol on the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis in the developing male rat
    • Little PJ, Adams ML, Cicero TJ. Effects of alcohol on the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis in the developing male rat. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1992;263:1056-61.
    • (1992) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.263 , pp. 1056-1061
    • Little, P.J.1    Adams, M.L.2    Cicero, T.J.3
  • 40
    • 0028130155 scopus 로고
    • Leydig cells: Endocrine paracrine and autocrine regulation
    • Saez JM. Leydig cells: endocrine paracrine and autocrine regulation. Endocr Rev 1994;15:574-626.
    • (1994) Endocr Rev , vol.15 , pp. 574-626
    • Saez, J.M.1
  • 41
    • 0018152156 scopus 로고
    • Prolactin, growth hormone and luteinizing hormone in the maintenance of testicular lutropin receptors
    • Zipf WP, Payne AH, Kelch RP. Prolactin, growth hormone and luteinizing hormone in the maintenance of testicular lutropin receptors. Endocrinology 1978;103:595-600.
    • (1978) Endocrinology , vol.103 , pp. 595-600
    • Zipf, W.P.1    Payne, A.H.2    Kelch, R.P.3
  • 42
    • 0018178098 scopus 로고
    • Dissociation of lutropin-induced loss of testicular lutropin receptors and lutropin-induced desensitization of testosterone synthesis
    • Zipf WP, Payne AH, Kelch RP. Dissociation of lutropin-induced loss of testicular lutropin receptors and lutropin-induced desensitization of testosterone synthesis. Biochim Biophys Acta 1978;540:330-6.
    • (1978) Biochim Biophys Acta , vol.540 , pp. 330-336
    • Zipf, W.P.1    Payne, A.H.2    Kelch, R.P.3
  • 43
    • 0019506635 scopus 로고
    • Direct inhibitory effect of glucocorticoids upon testicular lutropin receptor and steroidogenesis in vivo and in vitro
    • Bambino TH, Hseuh AJW. Direct inhibitory effect of glucocorticoids upon testicular lutropin receptor and steroidogenesis in vivo and in vitro. Endocrinology 1981;108:2142-8.
    • (1981) Endocrinology , vol.108 , pp. 2142-2148
    • Bambino, T.H.1    Hseuh, A.J.W.2
  • 44
    • 0034163764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic administration of corticosterone impairs LH signal transduction and steroidogenesis in rat Leydig cells
    • Ravi Sankar B, Sivakumar R, Govindarajulu P, Balasubramanian K. Chronic administration of corticosterone impairs LH signal transduction and steroidogenesis in rat Leydig cells. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2000;72:155-62.
    • (2000) J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol , vol.72 , pp. 155-162
    • Ravi Sankar, B.1    Sivakumar, R.2    Govindarajulu, P.3    Balasubramanian, K.4
  • 45
    • 0034081554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic corticosterone treatment impairs Leydig cell 11β-HSD activity and LH-stimulated testosterone production
    • Ravi Sankar B, Sudha S, Govindarajulu P, Balasubramanian K. Chronic corticosterone treatment impairs Leydig cell 11β-HSD activity and LH-stimulated testosterone production. Horm Metab Res 2000;32:142-6.
    • (2000) Horm Metab Res , vol.32 , pp. 142-146
    • Ravi Sankar, B.1    Sudha, S.2    Govindarajulu, P.3    Balasubramanian, K.4
  • 46
    • 0027257201 scopus 로고
    • Female rats release more corticosterone than males in response to alcohol: Influence of circulating sex steroids and possible consequences for blood levels
    • Rivier C. Female rats release more corticosterone than males in response to alcohol: influence of circulating sex steroids and possible consequences for blood levels. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 1993;17:854-7.
    • (1993) Alcohol Clin Exp Res , vol.17 , pp. 854-857
    • Rivier, C.1
  • 47
    • 0026443522 scopus 로고
    • Inhibitory effects of ethanol on growth hormone (GH)-releasing hormone insulin-like growth factor-I axis in the rat
    • Soszynski Z, Frohman LA. Inhibitory effects of ethanol on growth hormone (GH)-releasing hormone insulin-like growth factor-I axis in the rat. Endocrinology 1992;131:2603-8.
    • (1992) Endocrinology , vol.131 , pp. 2603-2608
    • Soszynski, Z.1    Frohman, L.A.2
  • 48
    • 0018777229 scopus 로고
    • Effect of ethanol on membranes: A fluorescent probe study
    • Vanderkooi JM. Effect of ethanol on membranes: a fluorescent probe study. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 1979;3:60-3.
    • (1979) Alcohol Clin Exp Res , vol.3 , pp. 60-63
    • Vanderkooi, J.M.1
  • 49
    • 0019826724 scopus 로고
    • Interaction of ethanol with biological membranes
    • Goldstein DB, Chin JH. Interaction of ethanol with biological membranes. Fed Proc 1981;40:2073-6.
    • (1981) Fed Proc , vol.40 , pp. 2073-2076
    • Goldstein, D.B.1    Chin, J.H.2
  • 50
    • 0030896764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mini review: The role of cytochrome P450 17alpha hydroxylase and 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in the integration of gonadal and adrenal steroidogenesis via α5-α4 pathways of steroidogenesis in animals
    • Conley AJ, Bird IM. Mini review: the role of cytochrome P450 17alpha hydroxylase and 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in the integration of gonadal and adrenal steroidogenesis via α5-α4 pathways of steroidogenesis in animals. Biol Reprod 1997;56:789-99.
    • (1997) Biol Reprod , vol.56 , pp. 789-799
    • Conley, A.J.1    Bird, I.M.2
  • 51
    • 0030925341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular endocrinology of hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases
    • Penning TM. Molecular endocrinology of hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases. Endocr Rev 1997;18:281-305.
    • (1997) Endocr Rev , vol.18 , pp. 281-305
    • Penning, T.M.1
  • 52
    • 85047675903 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in gonadotropin-induced steroidogenic desensitization of Leydig cells
    • Tang P, Tsai-Morris CH, Dufau ML. Regulation of 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in gonadotropin-induced steroidogenic desensitization of Leydig cells. Endocrinology 1998;139:4496-505.
    • (1998) Endocrinology , vol.139 , pp. 4496-4505
    • Tang, P.1    Tsai-Morris, C.H.2    Dufau, M.L.3
  • 53
    • 0033237643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The rat 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type III. Molecular cloning and gonadotropin stimulation
    • Tsai-Morris CH, Khanum A, Tang P, Dufau ML. The rat 17β -hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type III. Molecular cloning and gonadotropin stimulation. Endocrinology 1999;140:3534-42.
    • (1999) Endocrinology , vol.140 , pp. 3534-3542
    • Tsai-Morris, C.H.1    Khanum, A.2    Tang, P.3    Dufau, M.L.4
  • 54
    • 0025606486 scopus 로고
    • Evidence that Leydig cell precursors localize in immature band two cells isolated on Percoll gradients
    • Murono EP, Washburn AL. Evidence that Leydig cell precursors localize in immature band two cells isolated on Percoll gradients. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 1990;37:675-80.
    • (1990) J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol , vol.37 , pp. 675-680
    • Murono, E.P.1    Washburn, A.L.2
  • 56
    • 0019368751 scopus 로고
    • Ethanol-induced inhibition of glucose transport across the isolated brush-border membrane of hamster jejunum
    • Dinda PK, Beck IT. Ethanol-induced inhibition of glucose transport across the isolated brush-border membrane of hamster jejunum. Dig Dis Sci 1981;26:23-32.
    • (1981) Dig Dis Sci , vol.26 , pp. 23-32
    • Dinda, P.K.1    Beck, I.T.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.