The Tuaregs dependence to tea, to smokeless tobacco and to milk: Ethnological and clinical approach;La dépendance au thé, au tabac chiqué et au lait chez les Touaregs: Approche ethnologique et clinique

Encephale

Volumn 29, Issue 1, 2003, Pages 42-48

  Hureiki, J ^a   Laqueille, X ^a  

^a CENTRE HOSPITALIER SAINTE ANNE   (France)

Author keywords

Caffeine; Dependence; Nicotine; Smokeless tobacco; Tea; Tuaregs

Indexed keywords

CAFFEINE; CALCIUM; HYDROXIDE; NICOTINE;

ABSTINENCE; ALERTNESS; ALKALINIZATION; ANTHROPOLOGY; ARTICLE; ASH; CIGARETTE SMOKING; CLIMATE; CONSUMER; CULTURAL FACTOR; DAILY LIFE ACTIVITY; DRUG ABSORPTION; DRUG DEPENDENCE; ECOLOGY; ECONOMIC ASPECT; ETHNIC DIFFERENCE; HUMAN; HUNGER; INTOXICATION; LEISURE; MALI; MEDICAL LITERATURE; MILK; MOTOR ACTIVITY; MOUTH MUCOSA; PATHOGENESIS; PERFORMANCE; PH; PLANT; RATING SCALE; RELIGION; STIMULATION; SUBSTANCE ABUSE; TEA; TOBACCO; WAKEFULNESS; WITHDRAWAL SYNDROME;

ADULT; ANIMALS; BEHAVIOR, ADDICTIVE; CATCHMENT AREA (HEALTH); CULTURE; EATING DISORDERS; ETHNIC GROUPS; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MALI; MILK; QUESTIONNAIRES; TEA; TIME FACTORS; TOBACCO USE DISORDER; TOBACCO, SMOKELESS;

EID: 0345268738     PISSN: 00137006     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. ALEXIS AF, JONES VA, STILLER MJ. Potential therapeutic applications of tea in dermatology. Intern J Dermatol 1999; 38: 735-43.
2. BALANTINE D, WISEMAN S, BOUWENS L. The chemistry of tea flavonoids. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 1997; 37: 693-704.
3. BENOWITZ NL. Nicotine and smokeless tobacco. Canc J Clin 1988; 38: 244-7.
4. BOYLE RG, JENSEN J, HATSUKAMI DK et al. Measuring dependence in smokeless tobacco users. Addict Behav 1995; 20 (4): 443-50.
5. BRODY JE. Many smokers who can't quit are mentally ill. A study finds. New York Times 1997; 22 août: C8.
6. BURNS SB, BURNS JL. Tobacco as a psychiatric remedy. J Alternat Complement Med 1998; 4 (1): 7-8.
7. CHRISTEN AG. Smokeless tobacco usage: a growing and menacing addiction among Hoosier children and young adults. Ind Med 1996; 89 (2): 176-80.
8. COMMISSIONAT Y. Les Iésions de la cavité buccale induites par le tabac à chiquer. Actual Odont Stomal 1991; 173: 67-70.
9. CONNOLLY GN, WINN DM, HOLT SS et al. The re-emergence of smokeless tobacco. N Engl J Med 1986; 314: 1020-7.
10. EKBOM KA. Restless legs syndrome. Neurology 1960; 10: 868-73.
11. DSM IV. Manuel diagnostic et statistique des troubles mentaux. Trad fr JD Guelfi. American Psychiatric Association. Paris: Masson, 1996.
12. FIRST INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON TEA AND HEALTH. Proceedings to the First international symposium on tea and health. Prevent Med 1992; 21: 319-91, 503-53.
13. GILBERT RM. Tea toxicity. JAMA 1976; 236 (13): 1452.
14. GOLDSTEIN A, KAIZER S, WHITBY O. Psychotropic effect of caffeine in man. IV: Quantitative and qualitative differences associated with habituation to coffee. Clin Pharmacol Therapeut 1969; 10: 489-97.
15. GOODMAN A. Addiction: definition and implication. Br J Add 1990; 85: 1403-8.
16. GRANT ECG. Food allergies and migraine. Lancet 1979; 8123 (1): 966-8.
17. GREDEN JF. Anxiety or caffeinism: a diagnostic dilemma. Am J Psychiatry 1974; 131: 1089-92.
18. HARRISON DFN. Snuff its use and abuse. Br Med J 1964; 2: 1649-51.
19. HATSUKAMI DK, GUST SW, KEENAN RM. Physiologic and subjective changes from smokeless tobacco withdrawal. Clin Pharmacol Therapeut 1987; 41: 103-7.
20. HATSUKAMI DK, NELSON R, JENSEN J. Smokeless tobacco: current status and future directions. Br J Add 1991; 86: 559-63.
21. HATSUKAMI DK, ANTON D, KEENAN R et al. Smokeless tobacco abstinence effects and nicotine gum dose. Psychopharmacology 1992; 106: 60-6.
22. HENNINGFIELD JE, FANT RV, TOMAR SL. Smokeless tobacco: an addicting drug. Adv Dent Res 1997; 11 (3): 330-5.
23. HILTON FJ, WALSH MM, MASOUREDIS CM et al. Planning a spit tobacco cessation intervention: identification of beliefs associated with addiction. Add Behav 1994; 19 (4): 381-91.
24. HUREIKI J. Les médecines touarègues traditionnelles. Approche ethnologique. Paris: Karthala, 2000.
25. KOZAK JT. Smokeless tobacco-also a danger to us ?. Casop Lekaru Ceskych 1992; 131 (18): 549-51.
26. LANDERS DM, CREWS DJ, BOUTCHER SH et al. The effects of smokeless tobacco on performance and psychophysiological response. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1992; 24 (8): 895-903.
27. LAQUEILLE X, PERRON JL, GOISET M. Toxicomanies. Rev Prat 1991; 41 (10): 923-30.
28. LUTZ EG. Restless legs, anxiety and caffeinism. J Clin Psychiatry 1978; 39 (9): 693-8.
29. NASR MM, REEPMEYER JC, TANG Y. In vitro study of nicotine release from smokeless tobacco. J AOAC Intern 1998; 81 (3): 540-3.
30. OFFENBACHER S, WEATHERS DR. Effects of smokeless tobacco on the periodontal, mucosal and caries status of adolescent males. J Oral Pathol 1985; 14 (2): 169-81.
31. OMS. Smokeless tobacco control. Rapport d'un groupe d'étude de l'OMS, série rapport technique 773. Genève: OMS, 1988.
32. PADIEU R, BEAUGÉ F et al. Dépendance et conduites de consommation. Paris: INSERM, 1997.
33. QUINLAN P, LANE J, ASPINALL L. Effects of hot tea, coffee and water ingestion on physiological responses and mood: the role of caffeine, water and beverage type. Psychopharmacology 1997; 134: 164-73.
34. RANDOLF TG. Human ecology and susceptibility to the chemical environment. Illinois: Springfield, 1962.
35. RILEY WT, WOODWARD CE, BARENIE JT et al. Perceived smokeless tobacco addiction among adolescents. Health Psychol 1996; 15 (4): 289-92.
36. ROGERS PJ, RICHARDSON NJ, DERNONCOURT C. Caffeine use: is there a net benefit for mood and psychomotor performance?. Neuropsychobiology 1995; 31: 195-9.
37. SANNER T, GRIMSRUD T. The spectre of dependence. Health hazards of snuff use. Tidsskrift Norske Laegeforening 1991; 111 (17): 2174.
38. SEVERSON HH. Smokeless tobacco: risks, epidemiology, and cessation. In: Nicotine addiction: principles and management. Orleans CT, ed. New York: Oxford University Press, 1993: 262-78.
39. SHIRLOW MJ, MATHERS CD. A study of caffeine consumption and symptoms: indigestion, palpitations, tremor, headache and insomnia. Intern J Epidemiol 1985; 14 (2): 239-48.
40. SHOROFSKY MA, LAMM N. Caffeine withdrawal headache and fasting. N Y St J Med 1977: 217-8.
41. SIEGEL RK. Herbal intoxication. Psychoactive effects from herbal cigarettes, tea and capsules. JAMA 1976; 236 (5): 473-6.
42. SPIELBERGER CD, FOREYT JP, REHEISER EC et al. Motivational, emotional, and personality characteristics of smokeless tobacco users compared with cigarette smokers. Person Indiv Diff 1998; 25 (5): 821-32.
43. TREVISANATO SI, KIM YI. Tea and health. Nutr Rev 2000; 58 (1): 1-10.
44. VAINIO H, HESELTINE E. Tobacco and cancer. Canc Res 1986; 4: 444-7.
45. WEST R, KRAFONA K. Oral tobacco: prevalence, health risks, dependence potential and public policy. Br J Add 1990; 85: 1097-8.
46. er ed. Londres: Thomas Bassett and William Cooke, 1685.