Primary cortical glial reaction versus secondary thalamic glial response in the excitotoxically injured young brain: Astroglial response and metallothionein expression

Neuroscience

Volumn 92, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 827-839

  Acarin, L ^a   Gonzalez B ^a   Hidalgo, J ^a   Castro, A J ^b   Castellano, B ^a  

^a UNIVERSITAT AUTÒNOMA DE BARCELONA   (Spain)

^b Department of Psychiatry at Loyola   (United States)

Author keywords

Development; Postnatal; Rat; Retrograde changes; VB complex; Vimentin

Indexed keywords

METALLOTHIONEIN; N METHYL DEXTRO ASPARTIC ACID; VIMENTIN;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; BRAIN DEVELOPMENT; BRAIN INJURY; FEMALE; GLIA CELL; IMMUNOCYTOCHEMISTRY; MALE; NERVE CELL DIFFERENTIATION; NERVE CELL NECROSIS; NERVE REGENERATION; NONHUMAN; PATHOLOGICAL ANATOMY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; RAT;

ANIMALS; ASTROCYTES; BRAIN; EXCITATORY AMINO ACID ANTAGONISTS; GLIAL FIBRILLARY ACIDIC PROTEIN; INJECTIONS; METALLOTHIONEIN; N-METHYLASPARTATE; NEUROTOXINS; RATS; RATS, LONG-EVANS; SOMATOSENSORY CORTEX; THALAMUS; VIMENTIN;

EID: 0345086470     PISSN: 03064522     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0306-4522(99)00022-6     Document Type: Article

References (76)

1. Acarin L., González B., Castellano B., Castro A.J. Quantitative analysis of microglial reaction to a cortical excitotoxic lesion in the early postnatal brain. Expl Neurol. 147:1997;410-417.
2. Acarin L., Gonzalez B., Castro A.J., Castellano B. Primary cortical glial reaction versus secondary thalamic glial response in the excitotoxically injured young brain. Microglial/macrophage response and MHC class I and II expression. Neuroscience. 89:1999;549-565.
3. Acarin L., Vela J.M., Gonzalez B., Castellano B. Demonstration of poly-N-acetyl lactosamine residues in ameboid and ramified microglial cells in rat brain by tomato lectin binding. J. Histochem. Cytochem. 42:1994;1033-1041.
4. Aoki C., Venkatesan C., Go C.G., Mong J.A., Dawson T.M. Cellular and subcellular localization of NMDA-R1 subunit immunoreactivity in the visual cortex of adult and neonatal rats. J. Neurosci. 14:1994;5202-5222.
5. Armstead W.M., Mirro R., Leffler C.W., Busija D.W. Cerebral superoxide anion generation during seizures in newborn pigs. J. cerebr. Blood Flow Metab. 9:1989;175-179.
6. Balasingam V., Tejadaberges T., Wright E., Bouckova R., Yong V.W. Reactive astrogliosis in the neonatal mouse brain and its modulation by cytokines. J. Neurosci. 14:1994;846-856.
7. Benveniste E.N. Inflammatory cytokines within the central nervous system: sources, function, and mechanism of action. Am. J. Physiol. 263:1992;C11-C16.
8. Benveniste E. N. (1993) Astrocyte-microglia interactions. In Astrocytes: Pharmacology and Function (ed. Murphy S.), pp. 355-382. Academic Press, San Diego.
9. Blaauwgeers H.G.T., Sillevis Smitt P.A.E., De Jong J.M.B.V., Troost D. Distribution of metallothionein in the human central nervous system. Glia. 8:1993;62-70.
10. Borghesi L.A., Lynes M.A. Stress proteins as agents of immunological change: some lessons from metallothionein. Cell Stress Chaper. 1:1996;99-108.
11. Breese C.R., Dcosta A., Rollins Y.D., Adams C., Booze R.M., Sonntag W.E., Leonard S. Expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and IGF-binding protein 2 (IGF-BP2) in the hippocampus following cytotoxic lesion of the dentate gyrus. J. comp. Neurol. 369:1996;388-404.
12. Ciesielski-Treska J., Ulrich G., Chasserotgolaz S., Aunis D. Immunocytochemical localization of protein kinases Yes and Src in amoeboid microglia in culture: association of Yes kinase with vimentin intermediate filaments. Eur. J. Cell Biol. 68:1995;369-376.
13. Cowan K., Conklin D., Aschner M. Metallothionein induction by bismuth in neonatal rat primary astrocyte cultures. Brain Res. 732:1996;106-112.
14. Dahl D. The vimentin-GFA protein transition in rat neuroglia cytoskeleton occurs at the time of myelination. J. Neurosci. Res. 6:1981;741-748.
15. Dalton T., Palmiter R.D., Andrews G.K. Transcriptional induction of the mouse metallothionein-I gene in hydrogen peroxide-treated Hepa cells involves a composite major late transcription factor/antioxidant response element and metal response promoter elements. Nucleic Acids Res. 22:1994;5016-5023.
16. Dalton T., Pazdernik T.L., Wagner J., Samson F., Andrews G.K. Temporalspatial patterns of expression of metallothionein-I and -III and other stress related genes in rat brain after kainic acid-induced seizures. Neurochem. Int. 27:1995;59-71.
17. Ebadi M., Iversen P.L., Hao R., Cerutis D.R., Rojas P., Happe H.K., Murrin L.C., Pfeiffer R.F. Expression and regulation of brain metallothionein. Neurochem. Int. 27:1995;1-22.
18. Ebadi M., Leuschen M.P., El Refaey H., Hamada F.M., Rojas P. The antioxidant properties of zinc and metallothionein. Neurochem. Int. 29:1996;159-166.
19. Eddleston M., Mucke L. Molecular profile of reactive astrocytes - implications for their role in neurologic disease. Neuroscience. 54:1993;15-36.
20. Frautschy S.A., Walicke P.A., Baird A. Localization of basic fibroblast growth factor and its mRNA after CNS injury. Brain Res. 553:1991;291-299.
21. Frei K., Bodmer S., Schwerdel C., Fontana A. Astrocyte-derived interleukin 3 as a growth factor for microglia cells and peritoneal macrophages. J. Immunol. 137:1986;3521-3527.
22. Giulian D., Young D.G., Woodward J., Brown D.C., Lachman L.B. Interleukin-1 is an astroglial growth factor in the developing brain. J. Neurosci. 8:1988;709-714.
23. Hagan P., Poole S., Bristow A.F., Tilders F., Silverstein F.S. Intracerebral NMDA injection stimulates production of interleukin-1 beta in perinatal rat brain. J. Neurochem. 67:1996;2215-2218.
24. Hajós F., Kalman M., Zilles K., Schleicher A., Sotonyi P. Remote astrocyte response as demonstrated by glial fibrillary acidic protein immunohistochemistry in the visual cortex of dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus lesioned rats. Glia. 3:1990;301-310.
25. Hansson E., Ronnback L. Astroglial modulation of synaptic transmission. Perspect. dev. Neurobiol. 2:1994;217-223.
26. Hatten M.E., Liem R.K., Shelanski M.L., Mason C.A. Astroglia in CNS injury. Glia. 4:1991;233-243.
27. Hatton J.D., Nguyen M.H., U H.S. Differential migration of astrocytes grafted into the developing rat brain. Glia. 9:1993;113-119.
28. Hernandez J., Molinero A., Campbell I.L., Hidalgo J. Transgenic expression of interleukin-6 in the central nervous system regulates brain metallothionein-I and -III in mice. Molec. Brain Res. 48:1997;125-131.
29. Herrera D.G., Cuello A.C. Glial fibrillary acidic protein immunoreactivity following cortical devascularizing lesion. Neuroscience. 49:1992;781-791.
30. Hidalgo J., Campmany L., Borras M., Garvey J.S., Armario A. Metallothionein response to stress in rats: role in free radical scavenging. Am. J. Physiol. 255:1988;E518-E524.
31. Hidalgo J., Garcia A., Oliva A.M., Giralt M., Gasull T., Gonzalez B., Milnerowicz H., Wood A., Bremner I. Effect of zinc, copper and glucocorticoids on metallothionein levels of cultured neurons and astrocytes from rat brain. Chem. Biol. Interact. 93:1994;197-219.
32. Hidalgo J., Gasull T., Giralt M., Armario A. Brain metallothionein in stress. Biol. Signals. 3:1994;198-210.
33. Hutchins J.B., Casagrande V.A. Vimentin: changes in distribution during brain development. Glia. 2:1989;55-66.
34. Isacson O., Fischer W., Wictorin K., Dawbarn D., Björklund A. Astroglial response in the excitotoxically lesioned neostriatum and its projection areas in the rat. Neuroscience. 20:1987;1043-1056.
35. Janeczko K. The proliferative response of astrocytes to injury in the neonatal brain. A combined immunocytochemical and autoradiographic study. Brain Res. 456:1988;280-285.
36. Janeczko K. Co-expression of GFAP and vimentin in astrocytes proliferating in response to injury in the mouse cerebral hemisphere - a combined autoradiographic and double immunocytochemical study. Int. J. dev. Neurosci. 11:1993;139-147.
37. Janeczko K. Age-dependent changes in the proliferative response of S-100 protein-positive glial cells to injury in the rat brain. Int. J. dev. Neurosci. 12:1994;431-440.
38. Jensen M.B., Finsen B., Zimmer J. Morphological and immunophenotypic microglial changes in the denervated fascia dentata of adult rats: correlation with blood-brain barrier damage and astroglial reactions. Expl Neurol. 143:1997;103-116.
39. Jensen M.B., Gonzalez B., Castellano B., Zimmer J. Microglial and astroglial reactions to anterograde axonal degeneration: a histochemical and immunocytochemical study of the adult rat fascia dentata after entorhinal perforant path lesions. Expl Brain Res. 98:1994;245-260.
40. Kolb B., Gibb R., Vanderkooy D. Neonatal frontal cortical lesions in rats alter cortical structure and connectivity. Brain Res. 645:1994;85-97.
41. Kolb B., Petrie B., Cioe J. Recovery from early cortical damage in rats. 7. Comparison of the behavioural and anatomical effects of medial prefrontal lesions at different ages of neural maturation. Behav. Brain Res. 79:1996;1-13.
42. Konno H., Yamamoto T., Iwasaki Y., Suzuki H., Saito T., Terunuma H. Wallerian degeneration induces Ia-antigen expression in the rat brain. J. Neuroimmunol. 25:1989;151-159.
43. Levison S.W., Ducceschi M.H., Young G.M., Wood T.L. Acute exposure to CNTF in vivo induces multiple components of reactive gliosis. Expl Neurol. 141:1996;256-268.
44. Logan A., Berry M. Transforming growth factor-β1 and basic fibroblast growth factor in the injured CNS. Trends pharmac. Sci. 14:1993;337-343.
45. Masters B.A., Kelly E.J., Quaife C.J., Brinster R.L., Palmiter R.D. Targeted disruption of metallothionein I and II genes increases sensitivity to cadmium. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91:1994;584-588.
46. Miyake T., Okada M., Kitamura T. Reactive proliferation of astrocytes studied by immunohistochemistry for proliferating cell nuclear antigen. Brain Res. 590:1992;300-302.
47. Moonen G., Rogister B., Leprince P., Rigo J.M., Delree P., Lefebvre P.P., Schoenen J. Neurono-glial interactions and neural plasticity. Prog. Brain Res. 86:1990;63-73.
48. Nieto-Sampedro M. (1988) Growth factor induction and order of events in CNS repair. In Pharmacological Approaches to the Treatment of Brain and Spinal Cord Injury (eds Stein D. G. and Sabel A. B.), pp. 301-337. Plenum, New York.
49. Nishimura N., Nishimura H., Ghaffar A., Tohyama C. Localization of metallothionein in the brain of rat and mouse. J. Histochem. Cytochem. 40:1992;309-315.
50. Norenberg M.D. Astrocyte responses to CNS injury. J. Neuropath. exp. Neurol. 53:1994;213-220.
51. Oblinger M.M., Singh L.D. Reactive astrocytes in neonate brain upregulate intermediate filament gene expression in response to axonal injury. Int. J. dev. Neurosci. 11:1993;149-156.
52. Oliver C.N., Starke-Reed P.E., Stadtman E.R., Liu G.J., Carney J.M., Floyd R.A. Oxidative damage to brain proteins, loss of glutamine synthetase activity, and production of free radicals during ischemia/reperfusion-induced injury to gerbil brain. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 87:1990;5144-5147.
53. Pagliusi S.R., Schachner M., Seeburg P.H., Shivers B.D. The adhesion molecule on glia (AMOG) is widely expressed by astrocytes in developing and adult mouse brain. Eur. J. Neurosci. 2:1990;471-480.
54. Pazdernik T.L., Layton M., Nelson S.R., Samson F.E. The osmotic/calcium stress theory of brain damage: are free radicals involved? Neurochem. Res. 17:1992;11-21.
55. Penkowa M., Moos T. Disruption of the blood-brain interface in neonatal rat neocortex induces a transient expression of metallothionein in reactive astrocytes. Glia. 13:1995;217-227.
56. Petito C.K., Halaby I.A. Relationship between ischemia and ischemic neuronal necrosis to astrocyte expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein. Int. J. dev. Neurosci. 11:1993;239-247.
57. Pixley S.K.R., De Vellis J. Transition between immature radial glia and mature astrocytes studied with a monoclonal antibody to vimentin. Devl Brain Res. 15:1984;201-209.
58. i. Glia. 13:1995;101-112.
59. Sato M., Bremner I. Oxygen free radicals and metallothionein. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 14:1993;325-337.
60. Sato M., Sasaki M., Hojo H. Differential induction of metallothionein synthesis by interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in rat tissues. Int. J. Immunopharmac. 16:1994;187-195.
61. Sawada J., Kikuchi Y., Shibutani M., Mitsumori K., Inoue K., Kasahara T. Induction of metallothionein in astrocytes by cytokines and heavy metals. Biol. Signals. 3:1994;157-168.
62. Schiffer D., Giordana M.T., Cavalla P., Vigliani M.C., Attanasio A. Immunohistochemistry of glial reaction after injury in the rat - double stainings and markers of cell proliferation. Int. J. dev. Neurosci. 11:1993;269-280.
63. Schulz J.B., Henshaw D.R., Siwek D., Jenkins B.G., Ferrante R.J., Bencipolloni P., Kowall N.W., Rosen B.R., Beal M.F. Involvement of free radicals in excitotoxicity in vivo. J. Neurochem. 64:1995;2239-2247.
64. Schulz M.K., Acarin L., Tillotson G.L., Castro A.J. Glial response to neocortical injection of the excitotoxin N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA). Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 19:1993;671.
65. Schwartz J.P., Nishiyama N. Neurotrophic factor gene expression in astrocytes during development and following injury. Brain Res. Bull. 35:1994;403-407.
66. Sillevis Smitt P.A., Blaauwgeers H.G., Troost D., De Jong J.M. Metallothionein immunoreactivity is increased in the spinal cord of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Neurosci. Lett. 144:1992;107-110.
67. Smith G.M., Miller R.H. Immature type-1 astrocytes suppress glial scar formation, are motile and interact with blood vessels. Brain Res. 543:1991;111-122.
68. Steinhauser C., Gallo V. News on glutamate receptors in glial cells. Trends Neurosci. 19:1996;339-345.
69. Szaflarski J., Burtrum D., Silverstein F.S. Cerebral hypoxia-ischemia stimulates cytokine gene expression in perinatal rats. Stroke. 26:1995;1093-1100.
70. Takamiya Y., Kohsaka S., Toya S., Otani M., Tsukada Y. Immunohistochemical studies on the proliferation of reactive astrocytes and the expression of cytoskeletal proteins following brain injury in rats. Brain Res. 466:1988;201-210.
71. Uchida Y., Takio K., Titani K., Ihara Y., Tomonaga M. The growth inhibitory factor that is deficient in the Alzheimer's disease brain is a 68 amino acid metallothionein-like protein. Neuron. 7:1991;337-347.
72. Van Bockstaele E.J., Colago E.E.O. Selective distribution of the NMDA-R1 glutamate receptor in astrocytes and presynaptic axon terminals in the nucleus locus coeruleus of the rat brain: an immunoelectron microscopic study. J. comp. Neurol. 369:1996;483-496.
73. Vela J.M., Hidalgo J., González B., Castellano B. Induction of metallothionein in astrocytes and microglia in the spinal cord from the myelin-deficient jimpy mouse. Brain Res. 767:1997;345-355.
74. Woodroofe M.N., Sarna G.S., Wadhwa M., Hayes G.M., Loughlin A.J., Tinker A., Cuzner M.L. Detection of interleukin-1 and interleukin-6 in adult rat brain, following mechanical injury, by in vivo microdialysis: evidence of a role for microglia in cytokine production. J. Neuroimmunol. 33:1991;227-236.
75. Yañez A., Acarin L., Gonzalez B. and Castellano B. (1996) Microglial response and MHC class II expression in the thalamus following a neocortical aspiration lesion in the adult rat brain. In 2nd European Meeting on Glial Cell Function in Health and Disease (Abstract book), B88, 91.
76. Young J.K., Garvey J.S., Huang P.C. Glial immunoreactivity for metallothionein in the rat brain. Glia. 4:1991;602-610.