메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 98, Issue 17, 1998, Pages 1742-1749

Improved exercise tolerance after losartan and enalapril in heart failure: Correlation with changes in skeletal muscle myosin heavy chain composition

Author keywords

Exercise; Heart failure; Muscles; Myosin

Indexed keywords

ENALAPRIL; LOSARTAN; MYOSIN HEAVY CHAIN;

EID: 0345019803     PISSN: 00097322     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1161/01.CIR.98.17.1742     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (128)

References (52)
  • 1
    • 0026788088 scopus 로고
    • Neurophysiological assessment of skeletal muscle fatigue in patients with congestive heart failure
    • Minotti JR, Pillay P, Chang L, Wells L, Massie BM. Neurophysiological assessment of skeletal muscle fatigue in patients with congestive heart failure. Circulation. 1992;86:903-908.
    • (1992) Circulation , vol.86 , pp. 903-908
    • Minotti, J.R.1    Pillay, P.2    Chang, L.3    Wells, L.4    Massie, B.M.5
  • 2
    • 0030005380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Skeletal muscle contractile characteristics and fatigue resistance in patients with chronic heart failure
    • Harridge SPR, Magnusson G, Gordon A. Skeletal muscle contractile characteristics and fatigue resistance in patients with chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J. 1996;17:896-901.
    • (1996) Eur Heart J , vol.17 , pp. 896-901
    • Harridge, S.P.R.1    Magnusson, G.2    Gordon, A.3
  • 3
    • 0022446533 scopus 로고
    • Abnormal skeletal muscle bioenergetics during exercise in patients with heart failure: Role of reduced muscle blood flow
    • Wiener DH, Fink LI, Maris J, Jones RA, Chance B, Wilson JR. Abnormal skeletal muscle bioenergetics during exercise in patients with heart failure: role of reduced muscle blood flow. Circulation. 1986;73: 1127-1136.
    • (1986) Circulation , vol.73 , pp. 1127-1136
    • Wiener, D.H.1    Fink, L.I.2    Maris, J.3    Jones, R.A.4    Chance, B.5    Wilson, J.R.6
  • 5
    • 0023812612 scopus 로고
    • Detection of abnormal calf muscle metabolism in patients with heart failure using phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance
    • Mancini DM, Ferraro N, Tuchler M, Chance B, Wilson JR. Detection of abnormal calf muscle metabolism in patients with heart failure using phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance. Am J Cardiol. 1988;62: 1234-1240.
    • (1988) Am J Cardiol , vol.62 , pp. 1234-1240
    • Mancini, D.M.1    Ferraro, N.2    Tuchler, M.3    Chance, B.4    Wilson, J.R.5
  • 6
    • 0023785393 scopus 로고
    • Skeletal muscle metabolism during exercise under ischemic conditions in congestive heart failure: Evidence for abnormalities unrelated to blood flow
    • Massie BM, Conway M, Rajagopalan B. Skeletal muscle metabolism during exercise under ischemic conditions in congestive heart failure: evidence for abnormalities unrelated to blood flow. Circulation. 1988; 78:320-326.
    • (1988) Circulation , vol.78 , pp. 320-326
    • Massie, B.M.1    Conway, M.2    Rajagopalan, B.3
  • 7
    • 0023161689 scopus 로고
    • 31P nuclear magnetic resonance evidence of abnormal skeletal muscle metabolism in patients with congestive heart failure
    • 31P nuclear magnetic resonance evidence of abnormal skeletal muscle metabolism in patients with congestive heart failure. Am J Cardiol. 1987;60:309-315.
    • (1987) Am J Cardiol , vol.60 , pp. 309-315
    • Massie, B.1    Conway, M.2    Yonge, R.3
  • 8
    • 0021916108 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of energy metabolism in skeletal muscle of patients with heart failure with gated phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance
    • Wilson JR, Fink LI, Maris J, Ferraro N, Power-Vanwart J, Eleff S, Chance B. Evaluation of energy metabolism in skeletal muscle of patients with heart failure with gated phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance. Circulation. 1985;71:57-62.
    • (1985) Circulation , vol.71 , pp. 57-62
    • Wilson, J.R.1    Fink, L.I.2    Maris, J.3    Ferraro, N.4    Power-Vanwart, J.5    Eleff, S.6    Chance, B.7
  • 9
    • 0023832911 scopus 로고
    • Abnormalities of skeletal muscle in patients with chronic heart failure
    • Lipkin DP, Jones DA, Round JM, Poole-Wilson PA. Abnormalities of skeletal muscle in patients with chronic heart failure, Int J Cardiol. 1988;18:187-195.
    • (1988) Int J Cardiol , vol.18 , pp. 187-195
    • Lipkin, D.P.1    Jones, D.A.2    Round, J.M.3    Poole-Wilson, P.A.4
  • 10
    • 0025164904 scopus 로고
    • Skeletal muscle biochemistry and histology in ambulatory patients with long-term heart failure
    • Sullivan MJ, Green HJ, Cobb FR. Skeletal muscle biochemistry and histology in ambulatory patients with long-term heart failure. Circulation. 1990;81:518-527.
    • (1990) Circulation , vol.81 , pp. 518-527
    • Sullivan, M.J.1    Green, H.J.2    Cobb, F.R.3
  • 11
    • 0029969698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Specific changes in skeletal muscle myosin heavy chain composition in cardiac failure: Differences with disuse atrophy as assessed on microbiopsies by a new electrophoretic micro-method
    • Vescovo G, Serafini F, Facchin L, Tenderini L, Carraro U, Dalla Libera L, Catani C, Ambrosio GB. Specific changes in skeletal muscle myosin heavy chain composition in cardiac failure: differences with disuse atrophy as assessed on microbiopsies by a new electrophoretic micro-method. Heart. 1996;76:337-343.
    • (1996) Heart , vol.76 , pp. 337-343
    • Vescovo, G.1    Serafini, F.2    Facchin, L.3    Tenderini, L.4    Carraro, U.5    Dalla Libera, L.6    Catani, C.7    Ambrosio, G.B.8
  • 12
    • 0031905328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Skeletal muscle myosin heavy chain composition in CHF: Correlation between the magnitude of the isoenzymatic shift, exercise capacity, and gas exchange measurements
    • Vescovo G, Serafini F, Dalla Libera L, Leprotti C, Facchin L, Tenderini P, Ambrosio GB. Skeletal muscle myosin heavy chain composition in CHF: correlation between the magnitude of the isoenzymatic shift, exercise capacity, and gas exchange measurements. Am. Heart J. 1998; 135:130-137.
    • (1998) Am. Heart J , vol.135 , pp. 130-137
    • Vescovo, G.1    Serafini, F.2    Dalla Libera, L.3    Leprotti, C.4    Facchin, L.5    Tenderini, P.6    Ambrosio, G.B.7
  • 13
    • 0028955321 scopus 로고
    • Overview of randomized trials of Angiotensin-converting enzyme on mortality and morbidity in patients with congestive heart failure
    • Collaborative Group on ACE Inhibitor Trials [published erratum appears in JAMA. 1995;274:462]
    • Garg R, Yusuf S. Overview of randomized trials of Angiotensin-converting enzyme on mortality and morbidity in patients with congestive heart failure. Collaborative Group on ACE Inhibitor Trials [published erratum appears in JAMA. 1995;274:462]. JAMA. 1995;273:1450-1458.
    • (1995) JAMA , vol.273 , pp. 1450-1458
    • Garg, R.1    Yusuf, S.2
  • 14
    • 0026611583 scopus 로고
    • A specific B-2 bradykinin receptor antagonist HOE 140 abolishes the anti-hypertrophic effect of ramipril
    • Linz W, Scholkens BA. A specific B-2 bradykinin receptor antagonist HOE 140 abolishes the anti-hypertrophic effect of ramipril. Br J Pharmacol. 1992;104:771-779.
    • (1992) Br J Pharmacol , vol.104 , pp. 771-779
    • Linz, W.1    Scholkens, B.A.2
  • 19
    • 0020072748 scopus 로고
    • Significance of skeletal muscle oxidative enzyme enhancement with endurance training
    • Gollnick PD, Saltin B. Significance of skeletal muscle oxidative enzyme enhancement with endurance training. Clin Physiol. 1982;2:1-12.
    • (1982) Clin Physiol , vol.2 , pp. 1-12
    • Gollnick, P.D.1    Saltin, B.2
  • 20
    • 0016888751 scopus 로고
    • Biochemical adaptations to endurance exercise in muscle
    • Holloszy JO, Booth FW. Biochemical adaptations to endurance exercise in muscle. Annu Rev Physiol. 1976;38:273-291.
    • (1976) Annu Rev Physiol , vol.38 , pp. 273-291
    • Holloszy, J.O.1    Booth, F.W.2
  • 21
    • 0024581649 scopus 로고
    • Exercise training in patients with chronic heart failure delays ventilatory anaerobic threshold and improves submaximal exercise performance
    • Sullivan MJ, Higginbotham MB, Cobb FR. Exercise training in patients with chronic heart failure delays ventilatory anaerobic threshold and improves submaximal exercise performance. Circulation. 1989;79: 324-329.
    • (1989) Circulation , vol.79 , pp. 324-329
    • Sullivan, M.J.1    Higginbotham, M.B.2    Cobb, F.R.3
  • 22
    • 0030945318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of endurance training on mitochondrial ultrastructure and fiber type distribution in skeletal muscle of patients with stable chronic heart
    • Hambrecht R, Fiehn E, Yu J, Niebauer J, Weigl C, Hilbrich L, Adams V, Riede U, Schuler G. Effects of endurance training on mitochondrial ultrastructure and fiber type distribution in skeletal muscle of patients with stable chronic heart. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1997;29:1067-1073.
    • (1997) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.29 , pp. 1067-1073
    • Hambrecht, R.1    Fiehn, E.2    Yu, J.3    Niebauer, J.4    Weigl, C.5    Hilbrich, L.6    Adams, V.7    Riede, U.8    Schuler, G.9
  • 23
    • 0029845994 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Skeletal muscle changes in patients with chronic heart failure before and after treatment with enalapril
    • Schaufelberger M, Andersson G, Eriksson BO, Grimby G, Held P, Swedberg K. Skeletal muscle changes in patients with chronic heart failure before and after treatment with enalapril. Eur Heart J. 1996;17: 1678-1685.
    • (1996) Eur Heart J , vol.17 , pp. 1678-1685
    • Schaufelberger, M.1    Andersson, G.2    Eriksson, B.O.3    Grimby, G.4    Held, P.5    Swedberg, K.6
  • 24
    • 0027721914 scopus 로고
    • Are alterations of skeletal muscle ultrastructure in patients with heart failure reversible under treatment with ACE inhibitors?
    • Munzel T, Kurz S, Drexler H. Are alterations of skeletal muscle ultrastructure in patients with heart failure reversible under treatment with ACE inhibitors? Herz. 1993;18(suppl 1):400-405.
    • (1993) Herz , vol.18 , Issue.1 SUPPL. , pp. 400-405
    • Munzel, T.1    Kurz, S.2    Drexler, H.3
  • 25
    • 0027379394 scopus 로고
    • Hemodynamic and neurohumoral effects of the angiotensin II antagonist losartan in patients with congestive heart failure
    • Gottleib SS, Dickstein K, Fleck E, Kostis J, Levine TB, LeJemtel T, DeKeck M. Hemodynamic and neurohumoral effects of the angiotensin II antagonist losartan in patients with congestive heart failure. Circulation. 1993;88:1602-1609.
    • (1993) Circulation , vol.88 , pp. 1602-1609
    • Gottleib, S.S.1    Dickstein, K.2    Fleck, E.3    Kostis, J.4    Levine, T.B.5    LeJemtel, T.6    DeKeck, M.7
  • 27
    • 0026642036 scopus 로고
    • Isolated ventricular myocytes from failing and non-failing human hearts: The relation of age and clinical status of patients to isoproterenol response
    • Harding SE, Jones SM, O'Gara P, Dal Monte F, Vescovo G, Poole-Wilson PA. Isolated ventricular myocytes from failing and non-failing human hearts: the relation of age and clinical status of patients to isoproterenol response. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 1992;24:549-564.
    • (1992) J Mol Cell Cardiol , vol.24 , pp. 549-564
    • Harding, S.E.1    Jones, S.M.2    O'Gara, P.3    Dal Monte, F.4    Vescovo, G.5    Poole-Wilson, P.A.6
  • 28
    • 0021362958 scopus 로고
    • The anaerobic threshold measurement to evaluate exercise performance
    • Wasserman K. The anaerobic threshold measurement to evaluate exercise performance. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1984;129(suppl):S35-S40.
    • (1984) Am Rev Respir Dis , vol.129 , Issue.SUPPL.
    • Wasserman, K.1
  • 29
    • 0021047370 scopus 로고
    • A sensitive SDS-PAGE method for separating MHC isoforms of rat skeletal muscles reveals the heterogeneous nature of the embryonic myosins
    • Carraro U, Catani C. A sensitive SDS-PAGE method for separating MHC isoforms of rat skeletal muscles reveals the heterogeneous nature of the embryonic myosins. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1983;116:793-802.
    • (1983) Biochem Biophys Res Commun , vol.116 , pp. 793-802
    • Carraro, U.1    Catani, C.2
  • 30
    • 85038540959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Skeletal muscle myosin heavy chain expression in rats with monocrotaline-induced cardiac hypertrophy and failure: Relation to blood flow and degree of muscle atrophy
    • In press
    • Vescovo G, Ceconi C, Bernocchi P, Ferrari R, Carraro U, Ambrosio GB, Dalla Libera L. Skeletal muscle myosin heavy chain expression in rats with monocrotaline-induced cardiac hypertrophy and failure: relation to blood flow and degree of muscle atrophy. Cardiovasc Res. In press.
    • Cardiovasc Res
    • Vescovo, G.1    Ceconi, C.2    Bernocchi, P.3    Ferrari, R.4    Carraro, U.5    Ambrosio, G.B.6    Dalla Libera, L.7
  • 31
    • 0027362283 scopus 로고
    • Regional specificity of peak hyperemic response in patients with congestive heart failure: Correlation with peak aerobic capacity
    • Jondeau G, Katz SD, Toussaint JF, Dubourg O, Monrad ES. Regional specificity of peak hyperemic response in patients with congestive heart failure: correlation with peak aerobic capacity. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1993; 22:1399-1402.
    • (1993) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.22 , pp. 1399-1402
    • Jondeau, G.1    Katz, S.D.2    Toussaint, J.F.3    Dubourg, O.4    Monrad, E.S.5
  • 32
    • 0344534918 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Similar efficacy (but different mechanisms) on exercise capacity of losartan (LOS) and enalapril (EN) in chronic heart failure (CHF)
    • Abstract
    • Guazzi M, Agostoni PG, Marenzi GC, Melzi G, Guazzi MD. Similar efficacy (but different mechanisms) on exercise capacity of losartan (LOS) and enalapril (EN) in chronic heart failure (CHF). J Am Coll Cardiol. 1997;29(2A):205. Abstract.
    • (1997) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.29 , Issue.2 A , pp. 205
    • Guazzi, M.1    Agostoni, P.G.2    Marenzi, G.C.3    Melzi, G.4    Guazzi, M.D.5
  • 33
    • 0024425696 scopus 로고
    • Contribution of intrinsic skeletal muscle changes to 31P NMR skeletal muscle metabolic abnormalities in patients with chronic heart failure
    • Mancini DM, Coyle E, Coggan A. Contribution of intrinsic skeletal muscle changes to 31P NMR skeletal muscle metabolic abnormalities in patients with chronic heart failure. Circulation. 1989;80:1338-1346.
    • (1989) Circulation , vol.80 , pp. 1338-1346
    • Mancini, D.M.1    Coyle, E.2    Coggan, A.3
  • 34
    • 0023627680 scopus 로고
    • Skeletal muscle metabolism in patients with congestive heart failure: Relation to clinical severity and blood now
    • Massie BM, Conway M, Yonge R. Skeletal muscle metabolism in patients with congestive heart failure: relation to clinical severity and blood now. Circulation. 1987;76:1009-1019.
    • (1987) Circulation , vol.76 , pp. 1009-1019
    • Massie, B.M.1    Conway, M.2    Yonge, R.3
  • 35
    • 0026345951 scopus 로고
    • Impaired skeletal muscle function in patients with congestive heart failure: Relationship to systemic exercise performance
    • Minotti JR, Christoph I, Oka R, Weiner MW, Wells L, Massie BM. Impaired skeletal muscle function in patients with congestive heart failure: relationship to systemic exercise performance. J Clin Invest. 1991;88:2077-2082.
    • (1991) J Clin Invest , vol.88 , pp. 2077-2082
    • Minotti, J.R.1    Christoph, I.2    Oka, R.3    Weiner, M.W.4    Wells, L.5    Massie, B.M.6
  • 37
    • 0021206426 scopus 로고
    • Exercise intolerance in patients with chronic heart failure: Role of impaired nutritive flow to skeletal muscle
    • Wilson JR, Martin JL, Schwartz D, Ferraro N. Exercise intolerance in patients with chronic heart failure: role of impaired nutritive flow to skeletal muscle. Circulation. 1984;69:1079-1087.
    • (1984) Circulation , vol.69 , pp. 1079-1087
    • Wilson, J.R.1    Martin, J.L.2    Schwartz, D.3    Ferraro, N.4
  • 38
    • 0030071017 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relation of systemic and local muscle exercise capacity to skeletal muscle characteristics in men with congestive heart failure
    • Massie BM, Simonini A, Sahgal P, Wells L, Dudley GA. Relation of systemic and local muscle exercise capacity to skeletal muscle characteristics in men with congestive heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1996; 27:140-145.
    • (1996) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.27 , pp. 140-145
    • Massie, B.M.1    Simonini, A.2    Sahgal, P.3    Wells, L.4    Dudley, G.A.5
  • 39
    • 25944454936 scopus 로고
    • Low intensity exercise training improves skeletal muscle oxidative capacity without changes in capillary growth in chronic heart failure
    • Abstract
    • Belardinelli R, Scocco V, Purcaro A. Low intensity exercise training improves skeletal muscle oxidative capacity without changes in capillary growth in chronic heart failure. Circulation. 1995;92:I-399. Abstract.
    • (1995) Circulation , vol.92
    • Belardinelli, R.1    Scocco, V.2    Purcaro, A.3
  • 40
    • 0029102699 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the effects of losartan and enalapril on clinical status and exercise performance in patients with moderate or severe chronic heart failure
    • Dickstein K, Chang P, Willenheimer R, Haunso S, Remes J, Hall C, Kjekshus J. Comparison of the effects of losartan and enalapril on clinical status and exercise performance in patients with moderate or severe chronic heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol. 26:438-445.
    • J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.26 , pp. 438-445
    • Dickstein, K.1    Chang, P.2    Willenheimer, R.3    Haunso, S.4    Remes, J.5    Hall, C.6    Kjekshus, J.7
  • 41
    • 0344534917 scopus 로고
    • Increased concentrations of tumor necrosis factor in "cachectic" patients with severe chronic heart failure
    • McMurray J, Abdullah I, Dargie HJ, Shapiro D. Increased concentrations of tumor necrosis factor in "cachectic" patients with severe chronic heart failure. Br Heart J. 1994;15:1528-1532.
    • (1994) Br Heart J , vol.15 , pp. 1528-1532
    • McMurray, J.1    Abdullah, I.2    Dargie, H.J.3    Shapiro, D.4
  • 42
    • 0029890224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Angiotensin II causes weight loss and decreases circulating insulin-like growth factor I in rats through a pressor independent mechanism
    • Brink M, Wellen J, Delafontaine P. Angiotensin II causes weight loss and decreases circulating insulin-like growth factor I in rats through a pressor independent mechanism. J Clin Invest. 1996;97:2509-2516.
    • (1996) J Clin Invest , vol.97 , pp. 2509-2516
    • Brink, M.1    Wellen, J.2    Delafontaine, P.3
  • 43
    • 0031025867 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of muscle mass, strength, fatigability, and blood flow on exercise capacity in cachectic and non-cachectic patients with chronic heart failure
    • Anker SD, Swan JW, Volterrani M, Chua TP, Clark AL, Poole-Wilson PA, Coats AJS. The influence of muscle mass, strength, fatigability, and blood flow on exercise capacity in cachectic and non-cachectic patients with chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J. 1996;18:259-269.
    • (1996) Eur Heart J , vol.18 , pp. 259-269
    • Anker, S.D.1    Swan, J.W.2    Volterrani, M.3    Chua, T.P.4    Clark, A.L.5    Poole-Wilson, P.A.6    Coats, A.J.S.7
  • 44
    • 0024432116 scopus 로고
    • Relation between central and peripheral hemodynamics during exercise in patients with chronic heart failure
    • Sullivan MJ, Knight JD, Higginbotham MB, Cobb FR. Relation between central and peripheral hemodynamics during exercise in patients with chronic heart failure. Circulation. 1989;80:769-780.
    • (1989) Circulation , vol.80 , pp. 769-780
    • Sullivan, M.J.1    Knight, J.D.2    Higginbotham, M.B.3    Cobb, F.R.4
  • 45
    • 0022610535 scopus 로고
    • Exercise ventilation and pulmonary artery wedge pressure in chronic stable heart failure
    • Fink LI, Wilson J R, Ferraro N. Exercise ventilation and pulmonary artery wedge pressure in chronic stable heart failure. Am J Cardiol. 1986;57: 249-253.
    • (1986) Am J Cardiol , vol.57 , pp. 249-253
    • Fink, L.I.1    Wilson, J.R.2    Ferraro, N.3
  • 47
    • 0026554586 scopus 로고
    • Contribution of skeletal muscle atrophy to exercise intolerance and altered muscle metabolism in heart failure
    • Mancini DM, Walter G, Reichek N, Lenkinski R, McCully KK, Mullen JL, Wilson JR. Contribution of skeletal muscle atrophy to exercise intolerance and altered muscle metabolism in heart failure. Circulation. 1992; 85:1364-1373.
    • (1992) Circulation , vol.85 , pp. 1364-1373
    • Mancini, D.M.1    Walter, G.2    Reichek, N.3    Lenkinski, R.4    McCully, K.K.5    Mullen, J.L.6    Wilson, J.R.7
  • 49
    • 0029976721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heart failure in rats causes changes in skeletal muscle morphology and gene expression that are not explained by reduced activity
    • Simonini A, Lang CS, Dudley GA, Yue P, McElhinny J, Marrie BM. Heart failure in rats causes changes in skeletal muscle morphology and gene expression that are not explained by reduced activity. Circ Res. 1996;79:128-136.
    • (1996) Circ Res , vol.79 , pp. 128-136
    • Simonini, A.1    Lang, C.S.2    Dudley, G.A.3    Yue, P.4    McElhinny, J.5    Marrie, B.M.6
  • 51
    • 0002145221 scopus 로고
    • Cross-sectional area and force production of the quadriceps muscle
    • Abstract
    • Chapmans SJ, Grindrod SR, Jones DA. Cross-sectional area and force production of the quadriceps muscle. J Physiol. 1984;353-53P. Abstract.
    • (1984) J Physiol
    • Chapmans, S.J.1    Grindrod, S.R.2    Jones, D.A.3
  • 52
    • 0023871908 scopus 로고
    • Increased exercise ventilation in patients with chronic heart failure: Intact ventilatory control despite hemodynamic and pulmonary abnormalities
    • Sullivan MJ, Higginbotham MB, Cobb FR. Increased exercise ventilation in patients with chronic heart failure: intact ventilatory control despite hemodynamic and pulmonary abnormalities. Circulation. 1988;77: 552-559.
    • (1988) Circulation , vol.77 , pp. 552-559
    • Sullivan, M.J.1    Higginbotham, M.B.2    Cobb, F.R.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.